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This study evaluates the feasibility of inline PFT implementation on a clinical MRI scanner and assesses its computational performance and image quality under acceleration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PFT was implemented as modular components within the Siemens Image Calculation Environment, using a recursive numerical Hankel transform. Phantom and in vivo brain datasets acquired with 2D radial trajectories were reconstructed using both PFT and vendor-supplied gridding. Reconstruction time, SNR, artifact behavior, and spatial resolution were assessed across multiple undersampling levels (up to 8\u2009\u00d7), using simulations and repeated scans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PFT was successfully integrated with a runtime of\u2009~\u20096\u20139\u2009\u00d7\u2009acquisition time. It exhibited spatially variant behavior, concentrating resolution in central region while shifting undersampling-induced blurring outward. Compared to gridding, PFT reduced structured streaks and better preserved image quality under acceleration. Gradient delay artifacts were reduced by alternating spoke polarity. Notably, the pituitary gland and basilar artery remained visible at high acceleration, highlighting preserved central fidelity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PFT enables effective inline reconstruction for radial MRI and preserves image quality in small central regions of interest under aggressive undersampling\u2014supporting dynamic and ROI-focused applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334-025-01284-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T15:23:12Z","timestamp":1755012192000},"page":"21-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Polar Fourier transform in practice: its efficiency and characteristics in reconstructing radially acquired MRI images"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Rastegar Jooybari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Aghaeifar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elham","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Scheffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6423-3458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbas","family":"Nasiraei-Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1284_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1118\/1.595331","volume":"10","author":"DB Twieg","year":"1983","unstructured":"Twieg DB (1983) The k-trajectory formulation of the NMR imaging process with applications in analysis and synthesis of imaging methods. 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All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Written informed consent was obtained from the volunteer participant included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}