{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:31:57Z","timestamp":1787841117956,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magn Reson Mater Phy"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10334-026-01412-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:42:22Z","timestamp":1787838142000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Motion-induced fields near an idealized actively shielded MRI magnet: a reproducible reduced-order framework for scaling and sensitivity from 1.5 to 7\u00a0T"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5522-1519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassan","family":"Vafapour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1412_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1992.tb49617.x","volume":"649","author":"JF Schenck","year":"1992","unstructured":"Schenck JF (1992) Health and physiological effects of human exposure to whole-body four-tesla magnetic fields during MRI. Ann N Y Acad Sci 649:285\u2013301","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"1412_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.20316","volume":"28","author":"PM Glover","year":"2007","unstructured":"Glover PM, Cavin I, Qian W, Bowtell R, Gowland PA (2007) Magnetic-field-induced vertigo: a theoretical and experimental investigation. Bioelectromagnetics 28:349\u2013361","journal-title":"Bioelectromagnetics"},{"key":"1412_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.20680","volume":"32","author":"C Heilmaier","year":"2011","unstructured":"Heilmaier C, Theysohn JM, Maderwald S, Kraff O, Ladd ME, Ladd SC (2011) A large-scale study on subjective perception of discomfort during 7 and 1.5 T MRI examinations. Bioelectromagnetics 32:610\u2013619","journal-title":"Bioelectromagnetics"},{"key":"1412_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.08.029","volume":"21","author":"DC Roberts","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roberts DC, Marcelli V, Gillen JS, Carey JP, Della Santina CC, Zee DS (2011) MRI magnetic field stimulates rotational sensors of the brain. Curr Biol 21:1635\u20131640","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"1412_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12702","volume":"1343","author":"BK Ward","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ward BK, Roberts DC, Della Santina CC, Carey JP, Zee DS (2015) Vestibular stimulation by magnetic fields. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1343:69\u201379","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"1412_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00873.2018","volume":"121","author":"BK Ward","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ward BK, Roberts DC, Otero-Millan J, Zee DS (2019) A decade of magnetic vestibular stimulation: from serendipity to physics to the clinic. J Neurophysiol 121:2013\u20132019","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"1412_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R99","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/54\/21\/R01","volume":"54","author":"PM Glover","year":"2009","unstructured":"Glover PM (2009) Interaction of MRI field gradients with the human body. Phys Med Biol 54:R99\u2013R115","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"1412_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-7807(02)00180-5","volume":"161","author":"F Liu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Liu F, Zhao H, Crozier S (2003) Calculation of electric fields induced by body and head motion in high-field MRI. J Magn Reson 161:99\u2013107","journal-title":"J Magn Reson"},{"key":"1412_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2004.08.002","volume":"87","author":"S Crozier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Crozier S, Liu F (2005) Numerical evaluation of the fields induced by body motion in or near high-field MRI scanners. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 87:267\u2013278","journal-title":"Prog Biophys Mol Biol"},{"key":"1412_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21441","volume":"59","author":"H Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang H, Trakic A, Liu F, Crozier S (2008) Numerical field evaluation of healthcare workers when bending towards high-field MRI magnets. Magn Reson Med 59:410\u2013422","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"1412_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/58\/8\/2625","volume":"58","author":"I Laakso","year":"2013","unstructured":"Laakso I, K\u00e4nn\u00e4l\u00e4 S, Jokela K (2013) Computational dosimetry of induced electric fields during realistic movements in the vicinity of a 3 T MRI scanner. Phys Med Biol 58:2625\u20132640","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"1412_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-021-02435-6","volume":"60","author":"V Hartwig","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hartwig V, Virgili G, Mattei FE et al (2022) Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields in magnetic resonance environment: an update on regulation, exposure assessment techniques, health risk evaluation, and surveillance. Med Biol Eng Comput 60:297\u2013320","journal-title":"Med Biol Eng Comput"},{"key":"1412_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2004.08.003","volume":"87","author":"TS Tenforde","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tenforde TS (2005) Magnetically induced electric fields and currents in the circulatory system. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 87:279\u2013288","journal-title":"Prog Biophys Mol Biol"},{"key":"1412_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250040102","volume":"4","author":"TS Tenforde","year":"1983","unstructured":"Tenforde TS, Gaffey CT, Moyer BR, Budinger TF (1983) Cardiovascular alterations in Macaca monkeys exposed to stationary magnetic fields: experimental observations and theoretical analysis. Bioelectromagnetics 4:1\u20139","journal-title":"Bioelectromagnetics"},{"key":"1412_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910160113","volume":"16","author":"JR Keltner","year":"1990","unstructured":"Keltner JR, Roos MS, Brakeman PR, Budinger TF (1990) Magnetohydrodynamics of blood flow. Magn Reson Med 16:139\u2013149","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"1412_CR16","first-page":"1","volume":"L179","author":"European Parliament and Council of the European Union","year":"2013","unstructured":"European Parliament and Council of the European Union (2013) Directive 2013\/35\/EU on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to risks arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields). Off J Eur Union L179:1\u201321","journal-title":"Off J Eur Union"},{"key":"1412_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1097\/HP.0b013e31829e5580","volume":"106","author":"International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection","year":"2014","unstructured":"International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (2014) Guidelines for limiting exposure to electric fields induced by movement of the human body in a static magnetic field and by time-varying magnetic fields below 1 Hz. Health Phys 106:418\u2013425","journal-title":"Health Phys"},{"key":"1412_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HP.0000343164.27920.4a","volume":"96","author":"International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection","year":"2009","unstructured":"International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (2009) Guidelines on limits of exposure to static magnetic fields. Health Phys 96:504\u2013514","journal-title":"Health Phys"},{"key":"1412_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1097\/HP.0b013e3181f06c86","volume":"99","author":"International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection","year":"2010","unstructured":"International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (2010) Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields (1 Hz to 100 kHz). Health Phys 99:818\u2013836","journal-title":"Health Phys"},{"key":"1412_CR20","volume-title":"IEC 60601-2-33:2022. Medical electrical equipment\u2014part 2\u201333: particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of magnetic resonance equipment for medical diagnosis","author":"International Electrotechnical Commission","year":"2022","unstructured":"International Electrotechnical Commission (2022) IEC 60601-2-33:2022. Medical electrical equipment\u2014part 2\u201333: particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of magnetic resonance equipment for medical diagnosis, 4th edn. IEC, Geneva","edition":"4"},{"key":"1412_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.30153","volume":"92","author":"MC Steckner","year":"2024","unstructured":"Steckner MC, Grainger D, Charles-Edwards G (2024) Transitioning from 0.5 to 0.9 mT: protecting against inadvertent activation of magnet mode in active implants. Magn Reson Med 92:2237\u20132245","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"1412_CR22","volume-title":"IEEE C95.1\u20132019. IEEE standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields, 0 Hz to 300 GHz","author":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","year":"2019","unstructured":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (2019) IEEE C95.1\u20132019. IEEE standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields, 0 Hz to 300 GHz. IEEE, New York"},{"key":"1412_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/30146162","volume":"85","author":"DW McRobbie","year":"2012","unstructured":"McRobbie DW (2012) Occupational exposure in MRI. Br J Radiol 85:293\u2013312","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"1412_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334-007-0095-x","volume":"21","author":"JM Theysohn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Theysohn JM, Maderwald S, Kraff O, Moenninghoff C, Ladd ME, Ladd SC (2008) Subjective acceptance of 7 Tesla MRI for human imaging. Magn Reson Mater Phys 21:63\u201372","journal-title":"Magn Reson Mater Phys"},{"key":"1412_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000035","volume":"49","author":"J Rauschenberg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rauschenberg J, Nagel AM, Ladd SC et al (2014) Multicenter study of subjective acceptance during magnetic resonance imaging at 7 and 9.4 T. Investig Radiol 49:249\u2013259","journal-title":"Investig Radiol"},{"key":"1412_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2004.08.012","volume":"87","author":"DW Chakeres","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chakeres DW, De Vocht F (2005) Static magnetic field effects on human subjects related to magnetic resonance imaging systems. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 87:255\u2013265","journal-title":"Prog Biophys Mol Biol"},{"key":"1412_CR27","volume-title":"Environmental health criteria 232: static fields","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2006","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2006) Environmental health criteria 232: static fields. World Health Organization, Geneva"},{"key":"1412_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.70130","volume":"95","author":"V Klein","year":"2026","unstructured":"Klein V, Edmonson J, Davids M et al (2026) Simulation of dB\/dt-over-electric-field cardiac magnetostimulation safety ratios in 75 body models and 18 gradient systems. Magn Reson Med 95:1753\u20131761","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"1412_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27382","volume":"81","author":"M Davids","year":"2019","unstructured":"Davids M, Gu\u00e9rin B, vom Endt A, Schad LR, Wald LL (2019) Prediction of peripheral nerve stimulation thresholds of MRI gradient coils using coupled electromagnetic and neurodynamic simulations. Magn Reson Med 81:686\u2013701","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"1412_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2007.913410","volume":"55","author":"MA Fuentes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fuentes MA, Trakic A, Wilson SJ, Crozier S (2008) Analysis and measurements of magnetic field exposures for healthcare workers in selected MR environments. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 55:1355\u20131364","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1412_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21152","volume":"26","author":"JK Bradley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bradley JK, Nyekiova M, Price DL, Lopez LD, Crawley T (2007) Occupational exposure to static and time-varying gradient magnetic fields in MR units. J Magn Reson Imaging 26:1204\u20131209","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"1412_CR32","first-page":"529","volume":"58","author":"R Stam","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stam R (2014) The revised electromagnetic fields directive and worker exposure in environments with high magnetic flux densities. Ann Occup Hyg 58:529\u2013541","journal-title":"Ann Occup Hyg"},{"key":"1412_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334-011-0270-y","volume":"24","author":"J Groebner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Groebner J, Umathum R, Bock M et al (2011) MR safety: simultaneous B0, d\u03a6\/dt, and dB\/dt measurements on MR workers up to 7 T. Magn Reson Mater Phys 24:315\u2013322","journal-title":"Magn Reson Mater Phys"},{"key":"1412_CR34","first-page":"779","volume":"73","author":"E Batistatou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Batistatou E, M\u00f6lter A, Kromhout H et al (2016) Personal exposure to static and time-varying magnetic fields during MRI procedures in clinical practice in the UK. Occup Environ Med 73:779\u2013786","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"1412_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.20311","volume":"28","author":"F De Vocht","year":"2007","unstructured":"De Vocht F, Stevens T, Glover P, Sunderland A, Gowland P, Kromhout H (2007) Cognitive effects of head movements in stray fields generated by a 7 Tesla whole-body MRI magnet. Bioelectromagnetics 28:247\u2013255","journal-title":"Bioelectromagnetics"},{"key":"1412_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2011-100468","volume":"69","author":"LE Van Nierop","year":"2012","unstructured":"Van Nierop LE, Slottje P, Van Zandvoort MJ, De Vocht F, Kromhout H (2012) Effects of magnetic stray fields from a 7 Tesla MRI scanner on neurocognition: a double-blind randomized crossover study. Occup Environ Med 69:759\u2013766","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"1412_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334-011-0279-2","volume":"24","author":"V Hartwig","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hartwig V, Vanello N, Giovannetti G, Lombardi M, Landini L, Santarelli MF (2011) A novel tool for estimation of magnetic resonance occupational exposure to spatially varying magnetic fields. Magn Reson Mater Phy 24:323\u2013330","journal-title":"Magn Reson Mater Phy"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10334-026-01412-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10334-026-01412-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10334-026-01412-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:42:24Z","timestamp":1787838144000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10334-026-01412-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["1412"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10334-026-01412-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-8661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-8661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 June 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The author declares that there are no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"AI assistance was used for paraphrasing English text. Full responsibility for the content is taken by the author.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Declaration","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}