{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T12:25:44Z","timestamp":1786969544024,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005788","name":"Medical University of Vienna","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005788","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wien Med Wochenschr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Male factors account for around half of all cases of infertility. The prognostic relevance of abnormal semen parameters for obstetric outcomes following assisted reproductive technology (ART) is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective analysis included 428 participants enrolled in the prospective Austrian registry (AROS) between January 2022 and August 2025. Male-factor infertility was defined according to the reference values of the World Health Organization (WHO) 6th\u00a0edition and the criteria of the Austrian in vitro fertilization (IVF) funds. Associations between infertility factors and pregnancy complications, mode of delivery, and preterm birth were assessed using logistic and ordinal logistic regression, as appropriate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Male-factor infertility was documented in 254 cases, while female factors were documented in 206\u00a0cases, with some overlap between the two. Pregnancy complications occurred in 63.8% of cases. The caesarean section rate was 58.6%, including 20.8% secondary caesarean sections. Preterm birth occurred in more than 25% of pregnancies. Multiple pregnancy (27.3%) was strongly associated with pregnancy complications (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&lt;\u20090.001), an adverse mode of delivery (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.004), and preterm birth (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&lt;\u20090.001). Male-factor infertility, as defined by the IVF funds criteria, showed a\u00a0trend towards reduced odds of pregnancy complications (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.20\u20131.02;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.056).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Male factor as defined by the Austrian IVF funds is a\u00a0favorable prognostic parameter, whereas multiple pregnancy has the worst impact on pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-026-01185-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:36:50Z","timestamp":1786966610000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pathological semen parameters according to WHO and Austrian IVF funds criteria and their association with pregnancy outcomes in assisted reproduction","Pathologische Spermiogrammparameter nach WHO- und den \u00f6sterreichischen IVF-Fonds-Kriterien und deren Einfluss auf Schwangerschaftsoutcomes bei assistierter Reproduktion"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4995-4561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harald","family":"Zeisler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Heinzl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1185_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh870","volume":"20","author":"CM Cox","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cox\u00a0CM, Thoma\u00a0ME, Tchangalova\u00a0N, et\u00a0al. Definition und Pr\u00e4valenz von Subfertilit\u00e4t und Unfruchtbarkeit. Hum Reprod. 2005;20(5):1144\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deh870.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"6","key":"1185_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(23)01971-4","volume":"120","author":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine","year":"2023","unstructured":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Definition of infertility: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril. 2023;120(6):1170\u20135.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"7","key":"1185_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17697","volume":"131","author":"C Raperport","year":"2024","unstructured":"Raperport\u00a0C, Desai\u00a0J, Qureshi\u00a0D, Rustin\u00a0E, Balaji\u00a0A, Chronopoulou\u00a0E, et\u00a0al. The definition of unexplained infertility: a systematic review. BJOG. 2024;131(7):880\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.17697.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"10","key":"1185_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dead150","volume":"38","author":"D Romualdi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Romualdi\u00a0D, Ata\u00a0B, Bhattacharya\u00a0S, Bosch\u00a0E, Costello\u00a0M, Gersak\u00a0K, et\u00a0al. Evidence-based guideline: unexplained infertility. Hum Reprod. 2023;38(10):1881\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/dead150.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"10271","key":"1185_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32667-2","volume":"397","author":"A Agarwal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agarwal\u00a0A, Baskaran\u00a0S, Parekh\u00a0N, Cho\u00a0CL, Henkel\u00a0R, Vij\u00a0S, et\u00a0al. Male infertility. Lancet. 2021;397(10271):319\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32667-2.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"1185_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00459-w","volume":"9","author":"ML Eisenberg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Eisenberg\u00a0ML, Esteves\u00a0SC, Lamb\u00a0DJ, Hotaling\u00a0JM, Giwercman\u00a0A, Hwang\u00a0K, et\u00a0al. Male infertility. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2023;9(1):49\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-023-00459-w.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"1185_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5985","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S363959","volume":"15","author":"FE Okonofua","year":"2022","unstructured":"Okonofua\u00a0FE, Ntoimo\u00a0LFC, Omonkhua\u00a0A, Ayodeji\u00a0O, Olafusi\u00a0C, Unuabonah\u00a0E, et\u00a0al. Causes and risk factors for male infertility: a scoping review. Int J Gen Med. 2022;15:5985\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJGM.S363959.","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1185_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000417","volume":"27","author":"BE Kahn","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kahn\u00a0BE, Brannigan\u00a0RE. Obesity and male infertility. Curr Opin Urol. 2017;27(5):441\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000417.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1185_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2478\/aiht-2021-72-3510","volume":"72","author":"T Mari\u0107","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mari\u0107\u00a0T, Fu\u010di\u0107\u00a0A, Aghayanian\u00a0A. Environmental and occupational exposures associated with male infertility. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2021;72(3):101\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/aiht-2021-72-3510.","journal-title":"Arh Hig Rada Toksikol"},{"key":"1185_CR10","volume-title":"WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. 6th\u00a0ed. Geneva: WHO; 2021.","edition":"6"},{"issue":"3","key":"1185_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000761","volume":"30","author":"KA Softness","year":"2020","unstructured":"Softness\u00a0KA, Trussler\u00a0JT, Carrasquillo\u00a0RJ. Advanced sperm testing. Curr Opin Urol. 2020;30(3):290\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000761.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1185_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.06.035","volume":"120","author":"DJ Lamb","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lamb\u00a0DJ, Marinaro\u00a0JA. Can semen parameters predict pregnancy outcomes? Fertil Steril. 2023;120(4):709\u201314.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1185_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-025-02626-3","author":"H Zeisler","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zeisler\u00a0H, Heinzl\u00a0F. Register and biobank on influence of assisted reproduction on pregnancy, maternal and neonatal outcome. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2025; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00508-025-02626-3.","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"1185_CR14","unstructured":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Soziales, Gesundheit, Pflege und Konsumentenschutz. Wir m\u00f6chten ein Baby \u2013 Informationen zur Kosten\u00fcbernahme f\u00fcr medizinisch unterst\u00fctzte Fortpflanzung. 2025. https:\/\/www.sozialministerium.gv.at\/Themen\/Gesundheit\/Eltern-und-Kind\/IVF-Fonds.html. Accessed 15 May 2025."},{"key":"1185_CR15","unstructured":"Salem W. Assisted reproductive technology: pregnancy and maternal outcomes. 2025. https:\/\/sso.uptodate.com. Accessed 17 May 2025."},{"issue":"11","key":"1185_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-017-1003-6","volume":"34","author":"GL Dunietz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dunietz\u00a0GL, Holzman\u00a0C, Zhang\u00a0Y, Li\u00a0C, Todem\u00a0D, Boulet\u00a0SL, et\u00a0al. Assisted reproduction and risk of preterm birth. J\u00a0Assist Reprod Genet. 2017;34(11):1529\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10815-017-1003-6.","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"issue":"17","key":"1185_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e37211","volume":"10","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang\u00a0Q, Guo\u00a0X, Zhou\u00a0F, Luo\u00a0Q, He\u00a0D, Qian\u00a0X, et\u00a0al. Effect of ART treatments on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Heliyon. 2024;10(17)e37211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e37211.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"6","key":"1185_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmx022","volume":"23","author":"H Levine","year":"2017","unstructured":"Levine\u00a0H, J\u00f8rgensen\u00a0N, Martino-Andrade\u00a0A, Mendiola\u00a0J, Weksler-Derri\u00a0D, Mindlis\u00a0I, et\u00a0al. Temporal trends in sperm count. Hum Reprod Update. 2017;23(6):646\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmx022.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"4","key":"1185_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.06.035","volume":"120","author":"DJ Lamb","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lamb\u00a0DJ, Marinaro\u00a0JA. Can semen parameters predict pregnancy outcomes? F S Rep. 2023;120(4):709\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.06.035.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"6","key":"1185_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.14409","volume":"54","author":"F Del Giudice","year":"2022","unstructured":"Del Giudice\u00a0F, Belladelli\u00a0F, Chen\u00a0T, Glover\u00a0F, Mulloy\u00a0EA, Kasman\u00a0AM, et\u00a0al. Impaired semen quality and pregnancy rates in ART. Andrologia. 2022;54(6)e14409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/and.14409.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"issue":"8","key":"1185_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2024.103139","volume":"55","author":"LG Fraga","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fraga\u00a0LG, Gismondi\u00a0JPM, Sanvido\u00a0LV, Lozano\u00a0AFQ, Teixeira\u00a0TA, Hallak\u00a0J. Clinical and laboratorial evaluation of male infertility. Arch Med Res. 2024;55(8)103139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcmed.2024.103139.","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"1185_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.03.018","volume":"119","author":"P Vercellini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vercellini\u00a0P, Vigan\u00f2\u00a0P, Bandini\u00a0V, Buggio\u00a0L, Berlanda\u00a0N, Somigliana\u00a0E. Endometriosis and infertility. F S Rep. 2023;119(5):727\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.03.018.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1185_CR23","unstructured":"AWMF. Leitlinie 089-004 [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/de\/leitlinien\/detail\/089-004"},{"key":"1185_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.889029","volume":"13","author":"Q Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang\u00a0Q, Wang\u00a0H, Li\u00a0P, Li\u00a0X, Wang\u00a0Z, Yan\u00a0L, et\u00a0al. PCOS phenotypes and pregnancy outcomes after IVF\/ICSI. Front Endocrinol. 2022;13:889029. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.889029.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"1185_CR25","first-page":"480","volume":"60","author":"B Luke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Luke\u00a0B, Stern\u00a0JE, Kotelchuck\u00a0M, Declercq\u00a0ER, Cohen\u00a0B, Diop\u00a0H. Birth outcomes by infertility diagnosis. J\u00a0Reprod Med. 2015;60:480\u201390.","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1185_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.02.027","volume":"103","author":"JE Stern","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stern\u00a0JE, Luke\u00a0B, Tobias\u00a0M, Gopal\u00a0D, Hornstein\u00a0MD, Diop\u00a0H. Adverse pregnancy outcomes and infertility diagnosis. Fertil Steril. 2015;103(6):1438\u201345.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"10","key":"1185_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186287","volume":"12","author":"SC Lean","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lean\u00a0SC, Derricott\u00a0H, Jones\u00a0RL, Heazell\u00a0AEP. Advanced maternal age and outcomes. PLoS One. 2017;12(10)e0186287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0186287.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"1185_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-07289-6","volume":"25","author":"AA Mforteh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mforteh\u00a0AA, Kra-Friedman\u00a0A, Karavani\u00a0G, Hochler\u00a0H, Lipschuetz\u00a0M, Calderon-Margalit\u00a0R, et\u00a0al. Maternal outcomes in advanced maternal age. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025;25(1):270\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-025-07289-6.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"6","key":"1185_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2021.10.005","volume":"15","author":"H Vats","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vats\u00a0H, Saxena\u00a0R, Sachdeva\u00a0MP, Walia\u00a0GK, Gupta\u00a0V. Maternal BMI and adverse outcomes. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2021;15(6):536\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.orcp.2021.10.005.","journal-title":"Obes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"1185_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15332","volume":"65","author":"ME Graham","year":"2023","unstructured":"Graham\u00a0ME, Jelin\u00a0A, Hoon\u00a0AH Jr, Wilms Floet\u00a0AM, Levey\u00a0E, Graham\u00a0EM. ART outcomes. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2023;65(1):38\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.15332.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"}],"container-title":["Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10354-026-01185-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10354-026-01185-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10354-026-01185-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:36:53Z","timestamp":1786966613000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10354-026-01185-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["1185"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10354-026-01185-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-5341","1563-258X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-5341","type":"print"},{"value":"1563-258X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"H.\u00a0Zeisler, A.\u00a0Qu, and F.\u00a0Heinzl declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}