{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T21:39:08Z","timestamp":1793137148279,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Taiwan Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.","award":["Taiwan Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Taiwan Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Jpn J Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To investigate the concordance between Asia Dry Eye Society (ADES) diagnostic criteria and real-world hospital-based practice, and to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with dry eye disease (DED), in Taiwan.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Noninterventional, cross-sectional, retrospective clinical study.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Data were analyzed for adults with newly diagnosed DED from three tertiary hospitals. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients diagnosed with DED who fulfilled ADES criteria for DED. Other outcomes were DED classification and severity, tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer\u2019s test, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) severity, 12-item Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire scores, and presence of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 213 patients, mean (SD) age 54.3 (15.0) years, 79.8% female, were evaluated. Mean TBUT of 3.0 (2.6) sec and mean OSDI score of 36.5 (21.0) indicated severe DED at diagnosis. Most patients (87.3%) had a TBUT \u22645 sec, fulfilling ADES diagnostic criteria. Short TBUT (\u22645 sec) and OSDI \u226513 had high sensitivity for diagnosing DED (87.3% and 90.1%, respectively), whereas an abnormal Schirmer\u2019s test (69.5%) and abnormal CFS (42.3%) were less sensitive. MGD was diagnosed in 56.3% of patients. Dry eye-related characteristics in the non-short TBUT (&gt;5 sec) group diverged for objective but not subjective clinical tests. Most common first treatments were artificial tears (95.8%) and corticosteroids (85.0%).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>DED diagnosis in routine hospital practice in Taiwan is highly concordant (87.3%) with ADES diagnostic criteria. TBUT appears to be an effective diagnostic tool for identifying dry eye in patients across symptom severity, etiology and age.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-025-01175-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T04:59:36Z","timestamp":1741409976000},"page":"343-350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Real-world practice patterns for dry eye diagnosis: a multicenter observational study in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5323-3922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu-Wen","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiuh-Liang","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Chien","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1175_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.008","volume":"15","author":"JP Craig","year":"2017","unstructured":"Craig JP, Nichols KK, Akpek EK, Caffery B, Dua HS, Joo CK, et al. 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The funding agreement ensured the investigators\u2019 independence in designing the study; collecting, analyzing, and interpreting the data; and writing and publishing the report. No other financial or nonfinancial conflicts of interest related to this research exist.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}