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We analyzed the\u00a0correlation between the 2-year BCVA and other parameters, including baseline BCVA, SMH height, SMH size, and SMH recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study analyzed 20 eyes of 20 patients (72.5 \u00b1 7.2 years). Two years after surgery, the mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVA changed from 0.72 (Snellen equivalent, 20\/105) \u00b1 0.40 at baseline to 0.80 (Snellen equivalent, 20\/126) \u00b1 0.92. The BCVA did not change significantly during the 2-year observation period (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.39). Compared to baseline, the 2-year BCVA improved in 11 eyes (55%) and declined in 6 eyes (30%) by more than 0.30 logMAR, including all five eyes with recurrence. The 2-year BCVA was correlated only with recurrence (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001, \u03b2 = 0.85).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that recurrence was a robust determinant of poor 2-year BCVA after vitrectomy with subretinal tPA injection for SMH complicating nAMD and that subretinal tPA injection was effective in most cases, without recurrence. Our findings highlight the importance of establishing methods for preventing and controlling recurrence to maintain long-term BCVA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-025-01276-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T08:11:11Z","timestamp":1757319071000},"page":"310-316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Recurrence associated with 2-year visual acuity after subretinal tissue plasminogen activator for submacular hemorrhage in neovascular age-related macular degeneration"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Mie","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7574-1749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manabu","family":"Miyata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Hata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sotaro","family":"Ooto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai","family":"Kido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Ueda-Arakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Miyake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Muraoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akitaka","family":"Tsujikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1276_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.06.014","volume":"169","author":"JH Cho","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cho JH, Ryoo NK, Cho KH, Park SJ, Park KH, Woo SJ. 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Miyata, Grants or contracts to the author\u2019s institution (Alcon, Chugai, Santen, Bayer), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Santen, Bayer, Senju, Kowa, Otsuka); M. Hata, Grants or contracts to the author\u2019s institution (Alcon, Bayer), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Senju, Chugai, Novartis, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim), Participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board (Kyoto Drug Discovery & Development); S. Ooto, Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Bayer, Novartis, Janssen, Kowa, AMO, Santen, Alcon, Senju, Chugai, HOYA); H. Tamura, Grants or contracts to the author\u2019s institution (Findex, Suntory), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Bayer, Otsuka, Santen, TOPPAN, Suntory, TEIJIN); A. Kido, Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Senju); N. U-Arakawa, Grants or contracts (Chugai, Alcon), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Santen, Novartis, Chugai, Bayer, ROHTO NITTEN); M. Miyake, Grants or contracts to the author\u2019s institution (Novartis, Daiichi-Sankyo, KANEKA, ROHTO), Consulting fees (Janssen), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Bayer, Kowa, Novartis, AMO, Santen, Senju, Johnson & Johnson, Chugai, Findex, TOPCON, SYSMEX), Patents planned, issued or pending to the author\u2019s institution (KANEKA); A. Takahashi, Grants or contracts to the author\u2019s institution (Alcon), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Bayer, Novartis, Santen, HOYA); Y. Muraoka, Grants or contracts to the author\u2019s institution (Alcon, Novartis, Bayer), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Bayer, Novartis, Senju, Canon, Santen, AMO, HOYA, Johnson & Johnson); A. Tsujikawa, Grants or contracts to the author\u2019s institution (Canon, Findex, Santen, Sumitomo, Otsuka, Senju, Alcon, Bayer, Wakamoto, Chugai, AMO, ROHTO NITTEN), Consulting fees (Senju, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chugai, Bayer, HOYA, Janssen, Sumitomo, KYOWA KIRIN, Alcon), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Santen, Senju, Novartis, Bayer, Chugai, Alcon, Otsuka, AMO, Wakamoto, Kowa, MSD, Ellex, HOYA, Canon, Johnson & Johnson, ROHTO, NIKON).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}