{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:59:38Z","timestamp":1790402378534,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Jpn J Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-026-01378-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T09:00:59Z","timestamp":1780563659000},"page":"1130-1136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beyond the choroid: investigating scleral and iris thickness in the pachychoroid disease spectrum"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3193-0572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elif","family":"Akbas Ulman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cumali","family":"Degirmenci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serhad","family":"Nalcaci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filiz","family":"Afrashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cezmi","family":"Akkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1378_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000742","volume":"36","author":"KK Dansingani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dansingani KK, Balaratnasingam C, Naysan J, Freund KB. En face imaging of pachychoroid spectrum disorders with swept-source optical coherence tomography. Retina. 2016;36:499\u2013516.","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"1378_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.06.023","volume":"169","author":"VS Vuong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vuong VS, Moisseiev E, Cunefare D, Farsiu S, Moshiri A, Yiu G. Repeatability of choroidal thickness measurements on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography using different posterior boundaries. Am J Ophthalmol. 2016;169:104\u201312.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000287","volume":"35","author":"M Lehmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lehmann M, Bousquet E, Beydoun T, Behar-Cohen F. Pachychoroid: an inherited condition? Retina. 2015;35:10\u20136.","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"1378_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3577","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-020-01522-1","volume":"40","author":"F Sartini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sartini F, Figus M, Casini G, Nardi M, Posarelli C. Pachychoroid neovasculopathy: a type 1 choroidal neovascularization belonging to the pachychoroid spectrum\u2014pathogenesis, imaging and available treatment options. Int Ophthalmol. 2020;40:3577\u201389.","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2016.1276196","volume":"42","author":"I Chatziralli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chatziralli I, Kabanarou SA, Parikakis E, Chatzirallis A, Xirou T, Mitropoulos P. Risk factors for central serous chorioretinopathy: multivariate approach in a case-control study. Curr Eye Res. 2017;42:1069\u201373.","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"1378_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2012.07.004","volume":"58","author":"B Nicholson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nicholson B, Noble J, Forooghian F, Meyerle C. Central serous chorioretinopathy: update on pathophysiology and treatment. Surv Ophthalmol. 2013;58:103\u201326.","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2019.07.003","volume":"73","author":"TJ van Rijssen","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Rijssen TJ, van Dijk EHC, Yzer S, Ohno-Matsui K, Keunen JEE, Schlingemann RO, et al. Central serous chorioretinopathy: towards an evidence-based treatment guideline. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2019;73:100770.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"1378_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2024.01.025","volume":"261","author":"N Imanaga","year":"2024","unstructured":"Imanaga N, Terao N, Wakugawa S, Miyara Y, Sawaguchi S, Oshiro A, et al. Scleral thickness in simple versus complex central serous chorioretinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2024;261:103\u201311.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2017.05.013","volume":"2","author":"T Hiroe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hiroe T, Kishi S. Dilatation of asymmetric vortex vein in central serous chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmol Retina. 2018;2:152\u201361.","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"1378_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2020.07.011","volume":"5","author":"N Imanaga","year":"2021","unstructured":"Imanaga N, Terao N, Nakamine S, Tamashiro T, Wakugawa S, Sawaguchi K, et al. Scleral thickness in central serous chorioretinopathy. Ophthalmol Retina. 2021;5:285\u201391.","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"1378_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2021.1889616","volume":"36","author":"H Kaya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaya H, Y\u0131lmaz U. The evaluation of the relation between iris and choroidal thickness. Semin Ophthalmol. 2021;36:115\u20138.","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31824f91e8","volume":"32","author":"A Koh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Koh A, Lee WK, Chen L-J, Chen S-J, Hashad Y, Kim H, et al. EVEREST study: efficacy and safety of verteporfin photodynamic therapy in combination with ranibizumab or alone versus ranibizumab monotherapy in patients with symptomatic macular polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Retina. 2012;32:1453\u201364.","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"1378_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2020.07.026","volume":"4","author":"J Chhablani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chhablani J, Cohen FB, Central serous chorioretinopathy \u0131nternational group. Multimodal \u0131maging-based central serous chorioretinopathy classification. Ophthalmol Retina. 2020;4:1043\u20136.","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"1378_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.178129","volume":"95","author":"B-S Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang B-S, Narayanaswamy A, Amerasinghe N, Zheng C, He M, Chan Y-H, et al. Increased iris thickness and association with primary angle closure glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95:46\u201350.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e806","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14683","volume":"99","author":"S Borooah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Borooah S, Sim PY, Phatak S, Moraes G, Wu CY, Cheung CMG, et al. Pachychoroid spectrum disease. Acta Ophthalmol. 2021;99:e806\u201322.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.09.012","volume":"118","author":"SE Chung","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chung SE, Kang SW, Lee JH, Kim YT. Choroidal thickness in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and exudative age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2011;118:840\u20135.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1378_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31821801c5","volume":"31","author":"SW Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim SW, Oh J, Kwon SS, Yoo J, Huh K. Comparison of choroidal thickness among patients with healthy eyes, early age-related maculopathy, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, central serous chorioretinopathy, and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Retina. 2011;31:1904\u201311.","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"1378_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2019.08.002","volume":"3","author":"J Siedlecki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Siedlecki J, Schworm B, Priglinger SG. The pachychoroid disease spectrum and the need for a uniform classification system. Ophthalmol Retina. 2019;3:1013\u20135.","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"1378_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0158-4","volume":"33","author":"CMG Cheung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cheung CMG, Lee WK, Koizumi H, Dansingani K, Lai TYY, Freund KB. Pachychoroid disease. Eye (Lond). 2019;33:14\u201333.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"1378_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.04.021","volume":"158","author":"CE Pang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pang CE, Shah VP, Sarraf D, Freund KB. Ultra-widefield imaging with autofluorescence and indocyanine green angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2014;158:362\u201371.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1980.01020040839008","volume":"98","author":"RJ Brockhurst","year":"1980","unstructured":"Brockhurst RJ. Vortex vein decompression for nanophthalmic uveal effusion. Arch Ophthalmol. 1980;98:1987\u201390.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000001170","volume":"17","author":"E Boulanger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boulanger E, Bonnin S, Delahaye-Mazza C, Tadayoni R, Gaudric A. Central serous chorioretinopathy mimicking idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome. Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2023;17:288\u201393.","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"key":"1378_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2021.1942073","volume":"46","author":"R Hua","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hua R, Duan J, Zhang M. Pachychoroid spectrum disease: underlying pathology, classification, and phenotypes. Curr Eye Res. 2021;46:1437\u201348.","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"1378_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01809-2","volume":"36","author":"C Iovino","year":"2022","unstructured":"Iovino C, Peiretti E, Braghiroli M, Tatti F, Aloney A, Lanza M, et al. Imaging of iris vasculature: current limitations and future perspective. Eye (Lond). 2022;36:930\u201340.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"1378_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e31818624ce","volume":"18","author":"HA Quigley","year":"2009","unstructured":"Quigley HA, Silver DM, Friedman DS, He M, Plyler RJ, Eberhart CG, et al. Iris cross-sectional area decreases with pupil dilation and its dynamic behavior is a risk factor in angle closure. J Glaucoma. 2009;18:173\u20139.","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"1378_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-9359","volume":"53","author":"JH Sun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sun JH, Sung KR, Yun S-C, Cheon MH, Tchah HW, Kim MJ, et al. Factors associated with anterior chamber narrowing with age: an optical coherence tomography study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:2607.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"1378_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-305816","volume":"99","author":"Y He","year":"2015","unstructured":"He Y, Baskaran M, Narayanaswamy AK, Sakata LM, Wu R, Liu D, et al. Changes in anterior segment dimensions over 4 years in a cohort of Singaporean subjects with open angles. Br J Ophthalmol. 2015;99:1097\u2013102.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2653564","volume":"2021","author":"Q Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li Q, Zong Y, Wen H, Yu J, Zhou C, Jiang C, et al. Measurement of iris thickness at different regions in healthy Chinese adults. J Ophthalmol. 2021;2021:1\u20137.","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR29","first-page":"e12521","volume":"13","author":"YH Ziaul","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ziaul YH, Mahale A, Varghese S, Khanam F, AlFutaise M, Ahad MA, et al. The \u0131ris thickness in a healthy Saudi population. Cureus. 2021;13:e12521.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"1378_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13981","volume":"49","author":"Z Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen Z, Liang X, Chen W, Wang P, Wang J. Decreased iris thickness on swept-source optical coherence tomography in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2021;49:696\u2013703.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3109\/08820538.2015.1090611","volume":"32","author":"S Demircan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Demircan S, Y\u0131lmaz U, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck E, Ulusoy MD, Ata\u015f M, G\u00fclhan A, et al. The effect of pseudoexfoliation syndrome on the retinal nerve fiber layer and choroid thickness. Semin Ophthalmol. 2017;32:341\u20137.","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol."},{"key":"1378_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-016-3475-y","volume":"254","author":"A Cerquaglia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cerquaglia A, Iaccheri B, Fiore T, Lupidi M, Torroni G, Fruttini D, et al. Full-thickness choroidal thinning as a feature of Fuchs uveitis syndrome: quantitative evaluation using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2016;254:2025\u201331.","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1378_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-01861-2","volume":"21","author":"SL Weidmayer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weidmayer SL, Demirci H. The spontaneous resolution of a vortex vein varix: case report. BMC Ophthalmol. 2021;21:101.","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10384-026-01378-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10384-026-01378-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10384-026-01378-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:19:21Z","timestamp":1790399961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10384-026-01378-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["1378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10384-026-01378-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-5155","1613-2246"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-5155","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-2246","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"E. A. Ulman, None; C. Degirmenci, None; S. Nalcaci, None; F. Afrashi, None; C. Akkin, None.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}