{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T19:32:00Z","timestamp":1793475120266,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82472663"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82472663"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Key Research and Development Program of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology","award":["2023YFS0044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFS0044"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Esophagus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reflux after curative esophagectomy is common and may persist, disrupting eating, sleep, and recovery, yet most prediction tools estimate risk only at a single late time point.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed an esophagectomy derivation cohort (2018\u20132021; n\u2009=\u2009488) and a temporal validation cohort (2023\u20132024; n\u2009=\u2009143). Clinically significant reflux was defined as an EORTC QLQ-OES18 item 14 or 15 score\u2009\u2265\u20092. Time to first event within 12\u00a0months was modeled using a time-varying coefficient Cox model, and longitudinal symptom severity (1\u20134) was modeled using an ordinal mixed-effects model. Predictors were prespecified from routine pre-discharge variables. Model performance was assessed using time-dependent AUC and calibration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cox analysis linked distal\/esophagogastric junction tumors and higher BMI to increased early reflux risk, while neoadjuvant therapy, older age, and a longer oral-to-solid diet interval were protective. The ordinal mixed model showed greater symptom severity in women and in patients with distal\/esophagogastric junction tumors, but lower severity with neoadjuvant therapy. Interactions suggested slower early symptom escalation with older age and steeper escalation with higher BMI or shorter oral-to-intake intervals. The time-varying Cox model showed good discrimination, with time-dependent AUCs at 1, 3, and 6\u00a0months of 0.702, 0.766, and 0.794 in the development cohort, and 0.708, 0.767, and 0.716 in the external validation cohort, with good calibration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A pre-discharge, time-sensitive risk model with a web-based calculator may support risk-stratified early screening, education, and targeted supportive care after discharge to reduce reflux-related morbidity and protect postoperative health-related quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10388-026-01225-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:53:08Z","timestamp":1782867188000},"page":"963-974","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical predictors of early reflux and symptom severity after esophagectomy: a risk prediction tool"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4793-7675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhao","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Beijia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xie","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Jiarui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Xiaowei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luo","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1225_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","volume":"74","author":"F Bray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(3):229\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21834.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"1225_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-024-00718-2","volume":"13","author":"W Jin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jin W, Huang K, Ding Z, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of esophageal cancer: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Biomark Res. 2025;13(1):3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40364-024-00718-2.","journal-title":"Biomark Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"1225_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2023.0019","volume":"21","author":"JA Ajani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ajani JA, D\u2019Amico TA, Bentrem DJ, et al. Esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancers, version 2.2023, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2023;21(4):393\u2013422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6004\/jnccn.2023.0019.","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"2","key":"1225_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002611","volume":"269","author":"DE Low","year":"2019","unstructured":"Low DE, Kuppusamy MK, Alderson D, et al. Benchmarking complications associated with esophagectomy. Ann Surg. 2019;269(2):291\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002611.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"1225_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-23-1266","volume":"16","author":"Y He","year":"2024","unstructured":"He Y, Wu YY, Wei W, Yang YB, Lin Y, Dai L. Dietary habits and nutrition status in esophageal cancer patients after esophageal reconstruction. J Thorac Dis. 2024;16(2):1118\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jtd-23-1266.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1225_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.12.134","volume":"12","author":"S Park","year":"2020","unstructured":"Park S, Kang CH, Lee HJ, Park IK, Kim YT. Prevalence and risk factors of reflux after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. J Thorac Dis. 2020;12(3):558\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jtd.2019.12.134.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1225_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.2739\/kurumemedj.MS681004","volume":"68","author":"K Saisho","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saisho K, Mori N, Tanaka T, et al. Effectiveness of the Gerdq Questionnaire for Diagnosing Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease After Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer. Kurume Med J. 2023;68(1):25\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2739\/kurumemedj.MS681004.","journal-title":"Kurume Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1225_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4508","volume":"91","author":"A Aly","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aly A, Jamieson GG. Reflux after oesophagectomy. Br J Surg. 2004;91(2):137\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.4508.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"1225_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-020-00974-9","volume":"15","author":"P Lagergren","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lagergren P, Johar A, Rosenlund H, et al. Severe reflux, sleep disturbances, and health-related quality of life after esophageal cancer surgery. J Cancer Surviv. 2021;15(6):818\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11764-020-00974-9.","journal-title":"J Cancer Surviv"},{"key":"1225_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doy001","author":"Y Nakahara","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nakahara Y, Yamasaki M, Miyazaki Y, et al. Reflux after esophagectomy with gastric conduit reconstruction in the posterior mediastinum for esophageal cancer: original questionnaire and EORTC QLQ-C30 survey. Dis Esophagus. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/dote\/doy001.","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"issue":"3","key":"1225_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-016-3786-5","volume":"41","author":"M Sakai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sakai M, Sohda M, Miyazaki T, et al. Impact of the level of anastomosis on reflux esophagitis following esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction. World J Surg. 2017;41(3):804\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-016-3786-5.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"1225_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2021.11.134","volume":"48","author":"P Lagergren","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lagergren P, Johar A, Ness-Jensen E, Schandl A. Prediction of severe reflux after oesophageal cancer surgery. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2022;48(5):1011\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejso.2021.11.134.","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1225_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1016\/s0959-8049(03)00270-3","volume":"39","author":"JM Blazeby","year":"2003","unstructured":"Blazeby JM, Conroy T, Hammerlid E, et al. Clinical and psychometric validation of an EORTC questionnaire module, the EORTC QLQ-OES18, to assess quality of life in patients with oesophageal cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2003;39(10):1384\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0959-8049(03)00270-3.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"1225_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.09.037","volume":"49","author":"P Lagergren","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lagergren P, Johar AM, Lagergren J. Validation of the reflux scale in the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-OES18. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49(5):1097\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.09.037.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"1225_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318225c2be","volume":"22","author":"J Textor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Textor J, Hardt J, Kn\u00fcppel S. DAGitty: a graphical tool for analyzing causal diagrams. Epidemiology. 2011;22(5):745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318225c2be.","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"1225_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-021-01444-1","volume":"21","author":"X Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin X, Mermelstein R, Hedeker D. Analysis of multivariate longitudinal substance use outcomes using multivariate mixed cumulative logit model. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2021;21:239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-021-01444-1.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"1225_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2025.100710","volume":"12","author":"H Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu H, Zhang X, Qiu J, Lu Z, Chen C. Symptoms experience during the oral intake rehabilitation period following esophagectomy: a network analysis. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2025;12:100710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apjon.2025.100710.","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs"},{"issue":"7","key":"1225_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2024.108435","volume":"50","author":"P Lagergren","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lagergren P, Johar A, M\u00e4lberg K, Schandl A. Severe reflux, malnutrition and health-related quality of life after oesophageal cancer surgery: a prospective nationwide cohort study. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2024;50(7):108435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejso.2024.108435.","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1225_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31818eec06","volume":"249","author":"XB D\u2019Journo","year":"2009","unstructured":"D\u2019Journo XB, Martin J, Rakovich G, et al. Mucosal damage in the esophageal remnant after esophagectomy and gastric transposition. Ann Surg. 2009;249(2):262\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31818eec06.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"1225_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3284","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.08.56","volume":"11","author":"M Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang M, Zhang C, Wu QC. Health-related quality of life and survival among 10-year survivors of esophageal cancer surgery: gastric tube reconstruction versus whole stomach reconstruction. J Thorac Dis. 2019;11(8):3284\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jtd.2019.08.56.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1225_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-003-6780-7","volume":"27","author":"S Shibuya","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shibuya S, Fukudo S, Shineha R, et al. High incidence of reflux esophagitis observed by routine endoscopic examination after gastric pull-up esophagectomy. World J Surg. 2003;27(5):580\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-003-6780-7.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"1225_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2020.03.127","volume":"110","author":"IS Hasan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hasan IS, Mahajan N, Viehman J, et al. Predictors of patient-reported reflux after esophagectomy. Ann Thorac Surg. 2020;110(4):1160\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2020.03.127.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"1225_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.28637","volume":"14","author":"M Mukhtar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mukhtar M, Alzubaidee MJ, Dwarampudi RS, et al. Role of non-pharmacological interventions and weight loss in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease in obese individuals: a systematic review. Cureus. 2022;14(8):e28637. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.28637.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"1225_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.127878","volume":"57","author":"H El-Serag","year":"2008","unstructured":"El-Serag H. Role of obesity in GORD-related disorders. Gut. 2008;57(3):281\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.2007.127878.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"1225_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doac069","volume":"36","author":"N Schuring","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schuring N, Markar SR, Hagens ERC, et al. Health-related quality of life following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus perioperative chemotherapy and esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: a European multicenter study. Dis Esophagus. 2023;36(4):doac069. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/dote\/doac069.","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"issue":"17","key":"1225_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.16435","volume":"316","author":"DN Kyriacou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kyriacou DN, Lewis RJ. Confounding by indication in clinical research. JAMA. 2016;316(17):1818\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2016.16435.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"1225_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/29.2.125","volume":"29","author":"R Fass","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fass R, Pulliam G, Johnson C, Garewal HS, Sampliner RE. Symptom severity and oesophageal chemosensitivity to acid in older and young patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux. Age Ageing. 2000;29(2):125\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/29.2.125.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"4","key":"1225_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04542.x","volume":"33","author":"A Becher","year":"2011","unstructured":"Becher A, Dent J. Systematic review: ageing and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease symptoms, oesophageal function and reflux oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;33(4):442\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04542.x.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"1225_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S97481","volume":"11","author":"R Wirth","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wirth R, Dziewas R, Beck AM, et al. Oropharyngeal dysphagia in older persons &ndash; from pathophysiology to adequate intervention: a review and summary of an international expert meeting. Clin Interv Aging. 2016;11:189\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CIA.S97481.","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"1225_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1355199","volume":"15","author":"TB Karunaratne","year":"2024","unstructured":"Karunaratne TB, Clav\u00e9 P, Ortega O. Complications of oropharyngeal dysphagia in older individuals and patients with neurological disorders: insights from Matar\u00f3 Hospital, Catalonia, Spain. Front Neurol. 2024;15:1355199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1355199.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1225_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.08.010","volume":"35","author":"M Baker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Baker M, Halliday V, Williams RN, Bowrey DJ. A systematic review of the nutritional consequences of esophagectomy. Clin Nutr. 2016;35(5):987\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.08.010.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"1225_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/dox106","volume":"30","author":"D Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim D, Min YW, Park JG, et al. Influence of esophagectomy on the gastroesophageal reflux in patients with esophageal cancer. Dis Esophagus. 2017;30(12):1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/dote\/dox106.","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"issue":"7","key":"1225_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.03.031","volume":"40","author":"A Weimann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weimann A, Braga M, Carli F, et al. ESPEN practical guideline: clinical nutrition in surgery. Clin Nutr. 2021;40(7):4745\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.03.031.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"1225_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.7602\/jmis.2025.28.2.81","volume":"28","author":"V Jain","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jain V, Varshney VK, Soni SC, et al. Twenty-four-hour pH monitoring of gastric conduit in post-esophagectomy patients: correlation with clinical and endoscopic parameters in a prospective cohort study from India. J Minim Invasive Surg. 2025;28(2):81\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7602\/jmis.2025.28.2.81.","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Surg"},{"issue":"21","key":"1225_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3331","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2186","volume":"24","author":"R Raman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Raman R, Hedeker D. A mixed-effects regression model for three-level ordinal response data. Stat Med. 2005;24(21):3331\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.2186.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"1225_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2023.102337","volume":"64","author":"ZY Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li ZY, Ren JY, Zhong JD, Zhang JE. Understanding the supportive care needs among discharged patients with esophageal cancer after esophagectomy: a qualitative study. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2023;64:102337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejon.2023.102337.","journal-title":"Eur J Oncol Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"1225_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604811","volume":"100","author":"EML Verschuur","year":"2009","unstructured":"Verschuur EML, Steyerberg EW, Tilanus HW, et al. Nurse-led follow-up of patients after oesophageal or gastric cardia cancer surgery: a randomised trial. Br J Cancer. 2009;100(1):70\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604811.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"1225_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001538","volume":"117","author":"PO Katz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Katz PO, Dunbar KB, Schnoll-Sussman FH, Greer KB, Yadlapati R, Spechler SJ. ACG clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022;117(1):27\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001538.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1225_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.21037\/acs.2017.03.14","volume":"6","author":"TW Rice","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rice TW, Patil DT, Blackstone EH. 8th edition AJCC\/UICC staging of cancers of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: application to clinical practice. Ann Cardiothorac Surg. 2017;6(2):119\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/acs.2017.03.14.","journal-title":"Ann Cardiothorac Surg"}],"container-title":["Esophagus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10388-026-01225-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10388-026-01225-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10388-026-01225-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T19:17:15Z","timestamp":1793474235000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10388-026-01225-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10388-026-01225-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-9059","1612-9067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-9067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sichuan Cancer Hospital, affiliated with the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (SCCHEC-02\u20132020-004).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was not required for this retrospective study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}