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Predisposing factors such as coinfection with other pathogens or diet change can, however, cause overgrowth and subsequent disease development. Here we investigated the occurrence of <jats:italic>C. perfringens<\/jats:italic> in a free-ranging badger population with up to 100% prevalence of herpesvirus infection. Herpesvirus reactivation is known to be associated with increased susceptibility bacterial infections. PCR screening of rectal swabs from 69 free-ranging badgers revealed 15.9% (11\/69, 95% CI\u2009=\u20099.1\u201326.3%) prevalence of detectable <jats:italic>C. perfringens<\/jats:italic> (Type A) DNA in the digestive tracts of assymptomatic animals. The results of Fisher\u2019s exact test revealed <jats:italic>C. perfringens<\/jats:italic> detection was not biased by age, sex and seasons. However, badgers with genital tract gammaherpesvirus (MusGHV-1) reactivation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007) and infection with a specific MusGHV-1 genotype (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.019) were more prone to of <jats:italic>C. perfringens<\/jats:italic> proliferation, indicating coinfection biased dynamics of intestinal <jats:italic>C. perfringens<\/jats:italic>. An inclusion pattern analysis further indicated that, causally, MusGHV-1 reactivation potentiated <jats:italic>C. perfringens<\/jats:italic> detection. Whether or not specific MusGHV-1 genotype infection or reactivation plays a role in <jats:italic>C. perfringens<\/jats:italic> overgrowth or disease development in badgers will require further investigation. Nevertheless, a postmortem examination of a single badger that died of fatal disease, likely associated with <jats:italic>C. perfringens<\/jats:italic>, revealed MusGHV-1 detection in the small intestine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-021-01568-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T07:02:24Z","timestamp":1638774144000},"page":"440-450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Stress-Related Herpesvirus Reactivation in Badgers Can Result in Clostridium Proliferation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6804-1317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-shan","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Macdonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina D.","family":"Buesching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"1568_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.01.21.913723","author":"FA Abade dos Santos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abade dos Santos FA, Monteiro M, Pinto A, Carvalho CL, Peleteiro MC, Carvalho P, Mendon\u00e7a P, Carvalho T, Duarte MD (2020) First description of a herpesvirus infection in genus Lepus. 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