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We provide the first estimates of synchronicity, magnitude, and timing of seasonal birthing in <jats:italic>Mops condylurus<\/jats:italic>, a putative ebolavirus host, and a co-roosting species, <jats:italic>Mops pumilus<\/jats:italic> (formerly <jats:italic>Chaerephon pumilus<\/jats:italic>). We show that population-level synchronicity of <jats:italic>M. condylurus<\/jats:italic> birthing is wide (~\u20098.5\u00a0weeks) and even wider in <jats:italic>M. pumilus<\/jats:italic> (&gt;\u200911\u00a0weeks). This is predicted to promote the likelihood of filovirus persistence under conditions of bi-annual birthing (two births per year). Ecological features underlying the magnitude of the birth pulse\u2014relative female abundance (higher than expected for <jats:italic>M. condylurus<\/jats:italic> and lower for <jats:italic>M. pumilus<\/jats:italic>, based on literature) and reproductive rate (lower than expected)\u2014will have countering effects on birthing magnitude. Species-specific models are needed to interpret how identified birth pulse attributes may interact with other features of molossid ebolavirus ecology to influence infection dynamics. As a common feature of wildlife species, and a key driver of infection dynamics, detailed information on seasonal birthing will be fundamental for future research on these species and will be informative for bat-borne zoonoses generally.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-024-01674-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T12:02:28Z","timestamp":1708344148000},"page":"94-111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Kenyan Free-Tailed Bats Demonstrate Seasonal Birth Pulse Asynchrony with Implications for Virus Maintenance"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4439-2045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamika J.","family":"Lunn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4513-7137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reilly T.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0576-8935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul W.","family":"Webala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Ogola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2112-2707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristian M.","family":"Forbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1674_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002877","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002877","volume":"8","author":"BR Amman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Amman BR, Carroll SA, Reed ZD, Sealy TK, Balinandi S, Swanepoel R, Kemp A, Erickson BR, Comer JA, Campbell S, Cannon DL, Khristova ML, Atimnedi P, Paddock CD, Crockett RJK, Flietstra TD, Warfield KL, Unfer R, Katongole-Mbidde E, Downing R, Tappero JW, Zaki SR, Rollin PE, Ksiazek TG, Nichol ST, Towner JS (2012) Seasonal pulses of Marburg virus circulation in juvenile Rousettus aegyptiacus bats coincide with periods of increased risk of human infection. 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