{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T12:04:19Z","timestamp":1784894659196,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008331","name":"Universidade Federal Rural Do Rio De Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008331","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EcoHealth"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Feral cats in insular environments represent a relevant interface between wildlife, environmental contamination, and zoonotic risk under a One Health perspective, as feralization increases exposure to infections and facilitates pathogen transmission. Herein, we surveyed\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Sarcocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp.,\n                    <jats:italic>Neospora caninum,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and SARS-CoV-2 in Furtada Island, Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where there has been a feral cat population since the 1950s. This study aimed to investigate serological, molecular, and morphological indicators of infection in feral cats by assessing antibodies against\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Sarcocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp.,\n                    <jats:italic>Neospora caninum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and SARS-CoV-2, detecting Apicomplexa DNA in reproductive tissues, and evaluating the morphology of the uterus, ovaries, testes, and epididymides. It was demonstrated that 40.4% (21\/52) were exposed to\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , 13.7% (7\/52) were exposed to\n                    <jats:italic>Sarcocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp., and no cats were seropositive for\n                    <jats:italic>N. caninum<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Additionally, no feline was positive for SARS-CoV-2 through serological investigation. No histological changes were observed in the reproductive tissues, and the DNA of the agents was not detected using molecular methods. This is the first investigation of host\u2013pathogen interaction in feral cats from Furtada Island in southeastern Brazil. The data confirm that\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Sarcocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are circulating within this feral cat population. These findings highlight the importance of feral cats as sentinels of environmental contamination and support the need for One Health-based surveillance strategies in insular ecosystems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-026-01811-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T11:47:28Z","timestamp":1784893648000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Serology and PCR for Apicomplexa and SARS-CoV-2 in feral cats from a Brazilian island"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Erica Rodrigues","family":"de Matos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex Heringer","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila Maria de Carvalho","family":"Alves dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Oliveira","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asheley Henrique Barbosa","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena Saraiva Koenow","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matheus Dias","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna","family":"de Azevedo Ba\u00eata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera Lucia Teixeira","family":"de Jesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fagner D\u2019Ambroso","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Silveira Flores","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00e9bora Alexandra","family":"de Moura Gabriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orlando","family":"da Costa Ferreira Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 Felipe Andrade","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Ubiali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andressa Ferreira","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"1811_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abdullah S. H. (2021). Investigation of Sarcocystis spp. in slaughtered cattle and sheep by peptic digestion and histological examination in Sulaimani Province, Iraq. Veterinary World, 14(2), 468\u2013474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14202\/vetworld.2021.468-474","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2021.468-474"},{"key":"1811_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101263","volume":"61","author":"AE Athayde-Gusm\u00e3o","year":"2025","unstructured":"Athayde-Gusm\u00e3o AE, Afonso BC, Fraz\u00e3o-Teixeira E, Calais A, Ferreira RF, Egert L, Mayorga LF, Rosa MF, Silveira LS, Ubiali DG, Silva AF (2025) First report of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sea turtles. Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports 61:101263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101263","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports"},{"issue":"12","key":"1811_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3071","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2612.202786","volume":"26","author":"VR Barrs","year":"2020","unstructured":"Barrs VR, Peiris M, Tan KWS, Law PYT, Brackman CJ, To EMW, Yu VYT, Chu DKW, Perera RAP, Sit THC (2020) SARS-CoV-2 in quarantined domestic cats from COVID-19 households or close contacts, Hong Kong. China. Emerging Infectious Diseases 26(12):3071\u20133074. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2612.202786","journal-title":"China. Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"1811_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-29612012000200007","volume":"21","author":"MSCO Braga","year":"2012","unstructured":"Braga MSCO, Andr\u00e9 MR, Jusi MMG, Freschi CR, Teixeira MCA, Machado RZ (2012) Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in cats with outdoor access in S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds, Maranh\u00e3o. Brazil. Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterin\u00e1ria 21(2):107\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S1984-29612012000200007","journal-title":"Brazil. Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterin\u00e1ria"},{"key":"1811_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-006-0262-4","volume":"100","author":"KDS Bresciani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bresciani KDS, Gennari SM, Serrano ACM, Rodrigues AAR, Ueno T, Franco LG, Perri SHV, Amarante AFT (2007) Antibodies to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in domestic cats from Brazil. Parasitology Research 100:281\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-006-0262-4","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"1811_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2023.107056","volume":"249","author":"AP Castillo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Castillo AP, Miranda JVO, Fonseca PLC, Silva SO, Lopes REN, Spanhol VC, Moreira RG, Nicolino RR, Queiroz DC, Santos LCGA, Santos APS, Rivetti HAA, Martins-Duarte ES, Vitor RWA, Reis JKP, Aguiar RS, Silveira JAG (2024) Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and co-infections in stray cats in Brazil. Acta Tropica 249:107056. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2023.107056","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"key":"1811_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0248578","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0248578","volume":"16","author":"HG Dias","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dias HG, Resck MEB, Caldas GC, Resck AF, Silva NV, Santos AMV, Sousa TDC, Ogrzewalska MH, Siqueira MM, Pauvolid-Corr\u00eaa A, Santos FB (2021) Neutralizing antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 in stray animals from Rio de Janeiro. Brazil. Plos ONE 16:e0248578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0248578","journal-title":"Brazil. Plos ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"1811_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1987.tb01426.x","volume":"19","author":"JP Dubey","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Desmonts G (1987) Respostas sorol\u00f3gicas de equ\u00eddeos alimentados com oocistos de Toxoplasma gondii. Equine Veterinary Journal 19(4):337\u2013339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1987.tb01426.x","journal-title":"Equine Veterinary Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"1811_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2002)088[1251:POATNC]2.0.CO;2","volume":"88","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Lindsay DS, Hill D, Romand S, Thulliez P, Kwok OCHJCR, Silva JC, Oliveira-Camargo MC, Gennari SM (2002) Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona in sera of domestic cats from Brazil. Journal of Parasitology 88(6):1251\u20131252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1645\/0022-3395(2002)088[1251:POATNC]2.0.CO;2","journal-title":"Journal of Parasitology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1811_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00031-06","volume":"20","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Schares G, Ortega-Mora LM (2007) Epidemiology and control of neosporosis and Neospora caninum. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 20(2):323\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.00031-06","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"1811_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2009.08.001","volume":"39","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Lindsay DS, Lappin MR (2009) Toxoplasmosis and other intestinal coccidial infections in cats and dogs. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 39(6):1009\u20131034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cvsm.2009.08.001","journal-title":"Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice"},{"issue":"4","key":"1811_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-6696","volume":"66","author":"TF Feitosa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Feitosa TF, Vilela VLR, Dantas ES, Souto DVO, Pena HFJ, Athayde ACR, Azev\u00eado SS (2014) Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in domestic cats from the Brazilian semi-arid: seroprevalence and risk factors. Arquivos Brasileiros De Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria e Zootecnia 66(4):1060\u20131066. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1678-6696","journal-title":"Arquivos Brasileiros De Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria e Zootecnia"},{"key":"1811_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-023-08073-6","volume":"123","author":"F Fernandes","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fernandes F, Samoel GVA, Guerra RR, Br\u00e4unig P, Machado DWN, Cargnelutti JF, Sangioni LA, Vogel FSF (2024a) Five years of the biggest outbreak of human toxoplasmosis in Santa Maria, Brazil: a review. Parasitology Research 123:76. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-023-08073-6","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"1811_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-023-08092-y","volume":"123","author":"FD Fernandes","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fernandes FD, Tagarra LG, Roman LJ, Moraes DAO, Rodrigues A, Andrade CM, Br\u00e4unig P, Oliveira-Filho EF, Cargnelutti JF, Sangioni LA, Vogel FSF (2024b) Increased frequency of detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic cats after outbreak of human toxoplasmosis. Parasitology Research 123:73. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-023-08092-y","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"1811_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fernandes F. D, Br\u00e4unig P, Lucio B. M, Flores M. M, Andrade C. M, & Vogel F. S. F. (2023). Detection of anti-Sarcocystis spp. antibodies in domestic cats in southern Brazil. Parasitology Research, 122(3), 877\u2013879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07772-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-022-07772-5"},{"issue":"8","key":"1811_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00090-0","volume":"33","author":"KD Gillis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gillis KD, Tanhauser SM, Reimschuessel R, Hatfield JM, Dubey JP, Yowell CA, Greiner EC, Dame JB (2003) Naturally occurring Sarcocystis infection in domestic cats (Felis catus). International Journal for Parasitology 33(8):877\u2013883","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology"},{"issue":"6","key":"1811_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985820954550","volume":"57","author":"KR Groch","year":"2020","unstructured":"Groch KR, D\u00edaz-Delgado J, Santos-Neto EB, Ikeda JMP, Carvalho RR, Oliveira RB, Guari EB, Flach L, Sierra E, Godinho AI, Fern\u00e1ndez A, Keid LB, Soares RM, Kanamura CT, Favero C, Ferreira-Machado E, Sacrist\u00e1n C, Porter BF, Bisi TL, Azevedo AF, Lailson-Brito J, Cat\u00e3o-Dias JL (2020) The pathology of cetacean morbillivirus infection and comorbidities in Guiana dolphins during an unusual mortality event (Brazil, 2017\u20132018). Veterinary Pathology 57(6):845\u2013857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300985820954550","journal-title":"Veterinary Pathology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1811_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/v13050938","volume":"13","author":"AS Hamer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hamer AS, Pauvolid-Corr\u00eaa A, Zecca IB, Davila E, Auckland LD, Roundy CM, Tang W, Torchetti MK, Killian ML, Jenkins-Moore M, Mozingo K, Akpalu Y, Ghai RR, Spengler JR, Behravesh BC, Fischer RSB, Hamer GL (2021) SARS-CoV-2 infections and viral isolations among serially tested cats and dogs in households with infected owners in Texas, USA. Viruses 13(5):1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v13050938","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1811_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jarrah SA, Kmetiuk LB, Valleriani F, Bonfini B, Lorusso A, Vasinioti V, Decaro N, Santos M. T, Spohr KAH, Pratelli A, Serroni A, Capista S, Sousa VRF, Biondo AW, & Nakazato L, Dutra V. (2023). SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in dogs and cats in a highly infected area of Brazil during the pandemic. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2023.1111728","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1111728"},{"key":"1811_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koch MO, Laskoski LM, Aguiar DM, Silva BR, R\u00e9gio RR, Isikura JI, Vaz FF, & Locatelli-Dittrich R. (2019). Detection of antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in horses, dogs and cats from Paran\u00e1 State, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 56(2), 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11606\/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2019.152918","DOI":"10.11606\/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2019.152918"},{"issue":"3","key":"1811_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1515\/ap-2018-0074","volume":"63","author":"DCV Lima","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lima DCV, Magalh\u00e3es FJR, Andrade MR, Silva JG, Morais EGF, Lima Filho CDF, Porto WJN, Mota RA (2018) Anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in feral cats on the island of Fernando de Noronha. Brazil. Acta Parasitologica 63(3):645\u2013646. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/ap-2018-0074","journal-title":"Brazil. Acta Parasitologica"},{"issue":"1","key":"1811_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s11686-020-00262-7","volume":"66","author":"BM Lucio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lucio BM, Minuzzi CE, \u00c1vila NC, Tondo LAS, Vogel FSF, Kommers GD, Fernandes FD, Marques CT, Flores MM (2020) Naturally occurring muscular Sarcocystis in urban domestic cats (Felis catus) without Sarcocystis-associated disease. Acta Parasitologica 66(1):129\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11686-020-00262-7","journal-title":"Acta Parasitologica"},{"issue":"4","key":"1811_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-29612014080","volume":"23","author":"IDS Meneses","year":"2024","unstructured":"Meneses IDS, Andrade MR, Uz\u00eada RS, Bittencourt MV, Lindsay DS, Gondim LFP (2014) Frequency of antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora caninum in domestic cats in the State of Bahia, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin\u00e1ria 23(4):526\u2013529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S1984-29612014080","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterin\u00e1ria"},{"issue":"4","key":"1811_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-29612021091","volume":"30","author":"AC Miura","year":"2021","unstructured":"Miura AC, Barros LD, Minutti AF, Martins TA, Sasse JP, Nino BSL, Garcia JL (2021) Evaluation of quantitative polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts shed by cats. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 30(4):1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S1984-29612021091","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1811_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1007\/s11686-023-00661-6","volume":"68","author":"N Nazari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nazari N, Khodayari MT, Hamzavi Y, Raeghi S, Karamati SA, Falahi S, Bozorgomid A, Sajedi MT (2023) Systematic review and meta-analysis of the role of felids as intermediate hosts in the life cycle of Neospora caninum based on serological data. Acta Parasitologica 68:266\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11686-023-00661-6","journal-title":"Acta Parasitologica"},{"issue":"2","key":"1811_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1739.2004.00442.x","volume":"18","author":"M Nogales","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nogales M, Mart\u00edn A, Tershy BR, Donlan CJ, Veitch D, Puerta N, Wood B, Alonso J (2004) A review of feral cats eradication on islands. Conservation Biology 18(2):310\u2013319","journal-title":"Conservation Biology"},{"key":"1811_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857322","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.857322","volume":"13","author":"EF Oliveira-Filho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oliveira-Filho EF, Carvalho OV, Carneiro IO, Fernandes FD, Vaz SN, Pedroso C, Gonzalez-Auza L, Urbieta VC, K\u00fchne A, Mayoral R, Jo WK, Moreira-Soto A, Reusken CBEM, Drosten C, Brites C, Osterrieder K, Netto EM, Ristow LE, Maia RC, Vogel FSF, Almeida NR, Franke CR, Drexler JF (2022) Frequent infection of cats with SARS-CoV-2 irrespective of pre-existing enzootic coronavirus immunity, Brazil 2020. Frontiers in Immunology 13:857322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.857322","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"key":"1811_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e07420","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-5150-pvb-7420","volume":"44","author":"GO Pereira","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pereira GO, Pereira AHB, Colodel EM, Cruz TPPS, Nakazato L, Dutra V, Ubiali DG (2024) Causes of death in domestic cats during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020\u20132021): a multi-institutional necropsy study from Mato Grosso and Rio de Janeiro. Brazil. Pesquisa Veterin\u00e1ria Brasileira 44:e07420","journal-title":"Brazil. Pesquisa Veterin\u00e1ria Brasileira"},{"key":"1811_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reche-J\u00fanior A, Daniel AGT, Tadini BS, Santana E, Filgueira KD, Gargano RG, Sellera FP, & Pena HFJ. (2022). Serological survey of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in shelter-housed cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11606\/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2022.189444","DOI":"10.11606\/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2022.189444"},{"key":"1811_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rubiola S, Francesco C, Zanet S, & Civera T. (2018). Molecular identification of Sarcocystis spp. in cattle: partial sequencing of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI). Italian Journal of Food Safety, 7(4), 204\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/ijfs.2018.7725","DOI":"10.4081\/ijfs.2018.7725"},{"issue":"12","key":"1811_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2888","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11122888","volume":"11","author":"FB Schiffler","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schiffler FB, Pereira AHB, Moreira SB, Arruda IF, Moreira FRR, D\u2019arc M, Claro IM, Pissinatti TA, Cavalcante LTF, Miranda T, Cosentino MAC, Oliveira RCO, Fernandes J, Assis MRS, Oliveira JG, Silva TAC, Galliez RM, Faffe DS, Jesus JG, Silva MSB, Bezerra MF, Ferreira Junior OCF, Tanuri A, Casti\u00f1eiras TM, Aguiar RS, Faria NR, Almeida AP, Pissinatti A, Sabino EC, Amendoeira MRR, Lemos ERS, Ubiali DG, Santos AFA (2023) Lessons from a multilaboratorial task force for diagnosis of a fatal toxoplasmosis outbreak in captive primates in Brazil. Microorganisms 11(12):2888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms11122888","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"1811_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-5150-PVB-7605","volume":"45","author":"AF Silva","year":"2025","unstructured":"Silva AF, Athayde-Gusm\u00e3o AE, Pereira GO, Ubiali DG (2025) Epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in felids and canids in Brazil: a brief One Health overview. Pesquisa Veterin\u00e1ria Brasileira 45:1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1678-5150-PVB-7605","journal-title":"Pesquisa Veterin\u00e1ria Brasileira"},{"key":"1811_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Souza LZ, Rodrigues RGA, Oliveira DAD, Roman JL, Valentim-Zabott M, Pinto SB, & Bittencourt LHFB. (2017). Soropreval\u00eancia de Toxoplasma gondii em gatos domiciliados em Palotina Paran\u00e1 Brasil. Arquivos de Ci\u00eancias Veterin\u00e1rias e Zoologia, 20(3), 123\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25110\/arqvet.v20i3.6395","DOI":"10.25110\/arqvet.v20i3.6395"},{"issue":"2","key":"1811_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762004000200012","volume":"99","author":"MABL Terra","year":"2004","unstructured":"Terra MABL, Bello AR, Bastos OM, Amendoeira MRR, Coelho JMCO, Ferreira LF, Ara\u00fajo A (2004) Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA by polymerase chain reaction in experimentally desiccated tissues. Diagnosis 99(2):185\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0074-02762004000200012","journal-title":"Diagnosis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1811_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000000270","volume":"83","author":"YC Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu YC, Chen CS, Chan YJ (2020) The outbreak of COVID-19: an overview. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 83(3):217\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000000270","journal-title":"Journal of the Chinese Medical Association"},{"issue":"2","key":"1811_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.2307\/3284160","volume":"82","author":"M Yamage","year":"1996","unstructured":"Yamage M, Flechtner O, Gottstein B (1996) Neospora caninum: Specific oligonucleotide primers for the detection of brain cyst DNA of experimentally infected nude mice by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Journal of Parasitology 82(2):272\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/3284160","journal-title":"Journal of Parasitology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1811_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4125","DOI":"10.12681\/jhvms.26702","volume":"73","author":"V Y\u00fcksek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Y\u00fcksek V, K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7 \u00d6O, Dede S, \u00c7etin S, Ayan A (2022) Expression levels of some apoptotic and oxidative genes in sheep with sarcocystosis. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 73(2):4125\u20134134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12681\/jhvms.26702","journal-title":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"1811_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1729071","volume":"9","author":"W Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang W, Du RH, Li B, Zheng XS, Yang XL, Hu B, Wang YY, Xiao GF, Yan B, Shi ZL, Zhou P (2020) Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV-infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes. Emerging Microbes & Infections 9(1):386\u2013389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/22221751.2020.1729071","journal-title":"Emerging Microbes & Infections"}],"container-title":["EcoHealth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10393-026-01811-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10393-026-01811-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10393-026-01811-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T11:47:30Z","timestamp":1784893650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10393-026-01811-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["1811"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10393-026-01811-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-9210"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-9210","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 January 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 May 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}