{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T18:35:03Z","timestamp":1780511703917,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]],"date-time":"2009-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1250035200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Ultrasonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10396-009-0224-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,11]],"date-time":"2009-08-11T01:52:43Z","timestamp":1249955563000},"page":"105-117","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Morphological and functional evaluation of normal and abnormal fetal growth by ultrasonography"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Yoshizato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoji","family":"Satoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"224_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)44889-2","volume":"34","author":"JT Queenan","year":"1980","unstructured":"Queenan JT, O\u2019Brien GD, Bains LM, Simpson J, Collins WP, Campbell S. Ultrasound scanning of ovaries to detect ovulation in women. Fertil Steril. 1980;34:99\u2013105.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"224_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.2000.00004.x","volume":"15","author":"K Tunon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tunon K, Eik-Nes SH, Grottum P, During VV, Kahn JA. Gestational age in pregnancies conceived after in\u00a0vitro fertilization: a comparison between age assessed from oocyte retrieval. Crown\u2013rump length and biparietal diameter. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2000;15:41\u20136.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.4.5883.28","volume":"4","author":"HP Robinson","year":"1973","unstructured":"Robinson HP. Sonar measurement of fetal crown\u2013rump length as means of assessing maturity in first trimester of pregnancy. Br Med J. 1973;4:28\u201331.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"224_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1975.tb00710.x","volume":"82","author":"HP Robinson","year":"1975","unstructured":"Robinson HP, Fleming JEE. A critical evaluation of sonar \u2018crown\u2013rump length\u2019 measurements. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1975;82:702\u201310.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1982.tb05059.x","volume":"89","author":"JF Pedersen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pedersen JF. Fetal crown\u2013rump length measurement by ultrasound in normal pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1982;89:926\u201330.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.182.2.1732970","volume":"182","author":"FP Hadlock","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hadlock FP, Shah YP, Kanon DJ, Lindsey JV. Fetal crown\u2013rump length: reevaluation of relation to menstrual age (5\u201318\u00a0weeks) with high-resolution real-time US. Radiology. 1992;182:501\u20135.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"224_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)90080-2","volume":"172","author":"P Kuhn","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kuhn P, Brizot ML, Pandya PP, Snijders RJ, Nicolaides KH. Crown\u2013rump length in chromosomally abnormal fetuses at 10 to 13\u00a0weeks\u2019 gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995;172:32\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.283.6286.269","volume":"283","author":"JF Pedersen","year":"1981","unstructured":"Pedersen JF, Molsted-Pedersen L. Early fetal growth delay detected by ultrasound marks increased risk of congenital malformation in diabetic pregnancy. Br Med J. 1981;283:269\u201371.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"224_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.157.6.1950881","volume":"157","author":"CB Benson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Benson CB, Doubilet PM. Sonographic prediction of gestational age: accuracy of second- and third-trimester fetal measurements. AJR. 1991;157:1275\u20137.","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"224_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1975.tb00708.x","volume":"82","author":"S Campbell","year":"1975","unstructured":"Campbell S, Wilkin D. Ultrasonic measurement of fetal abdomen circumference in the estimation of fetal weight. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1975;82:689\u201397.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR11","first-page":"281","volume":"56","author":"A Kurjak","year":"1980","unstructured":"Kurjak A, Kirkinen P, Latin V. Biometric and dynamic ultrasound assessment of small-for-dates infants: Report of 260 cases. Obstet Gynecol. 1980;56:281\u20134.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(77)90058-8","volume":"128","author":"SL Warsof","year":"1977","unstructured":"Warsof SL, Gohari P, Berkowitz RL, Hobbins JC. The estimation of fetal weight by computer-assisted analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1977;128:881\u201392.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)32283-9","volume":"142","author":"MJ Shepard","year":"1982","unstructured":"Shepard MJ, Richards VA, Berkowitz RL, Warsof SL, Hobbins JC. An evaluation of two equations for predicting fetal weight by ultrasound. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1982;142:47\u201354.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90298-4","volume":"151","author":"FP Hadlock","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hadlock FP, Harrist RB, Sharman RS, Deter RL, Park SK. Estimation of fetal weight with the use of head, body, and femur measurements\u2013a prospective study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1985;151:333\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.155","volume":"188","author":"GG Nahum","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nahum GG, Stanislaw H. Ultrasonographic prediction of term birth weight: How accurate is it? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;188:566\u201374.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(87)80278-8","volume":"157","author":"N Shinozuka","year":"1987","unstructured":"Shinozuka N, Okai T, Kohzuma S, Mukubo M, Shih CT, Maeda T, et\u00a0al. Formulas for fetal weight estimation by ultrasound measurements based on neonatal specific gravities and volumes. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987;157:1140\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1984.3.1.1","volume":"3","author":"FP Hadlock","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hadlock FP, Deter RL, Roecker E, Harrist RB, Park SK. Relation of fetal femur length to neonatal crown-heel length. J Ultrasound Med. 1984;3:1\u20133.","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"224_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1977.tb12550.x","volume":"84","author":"S Campbell","year":"1977","unstructured":"Campbell S, Thoms A. Ultrasound measurement of the fetal head to abdomen circumference ratio in the assessment of growth retardation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1977;84:165\u201374.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(89)90301-3","volume":"160","author":"RE Sabbagha","year":"1989","unstructured":"Sabbagha RE, Minogue J, Tamura RK, Hungerford SA. Estimation of birth weight by use of ultrasonographic formulas targeted to large- appropriate-, and small-for-gestational-age fetuses. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989;160:854\u201362.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(71)90853-2","volume":"109","author":"M Winick","year":"1971","unstructured":"Winick M. Cellular changes during placental and fetal growth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1971;109:166\u201376.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(91)90030-7","volume":"27","author":"AM Guihard-Costa","year":"1991","unstructured":"Guihard-Costa AM, Droulle P, Larroche JC. Growth velocity of the biparietal diameter, abdominal transverse diameter and femur length in the fetal period. Early Hum Dev. 1991;27:93\u2013102.","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"224_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1159\/000243888","volume":"62","author":"AM Guihard-Costa","year":"1992","unstructured":"Guihard-Costa AM, Larroche JC. Growth velocity of some fetal parameters. II. Body weight, body length and head circumference. Biol Neonat. 1992;62:317\u201324.","journal-title":"Biol Neonat"},{"key":"224_CR23","first-page":"624","volume":"59","author":"RL Williams","year":"1982","unstructured":"Williams RL, Creasy RK, Cunningham GC, Hawes WE, Norris FD, Tashiro M. Fetal growth and perinatal viability in California. Obstet Gynecol. 1982;59:624\u201332.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.37.3.417","volume":"37","author":"FC Battaglia","year":"1966","unstructured":"Battaglia FC, Frazier TM, Hellegers AE. Birth weight, gestational age, and pregnancy outcome, with special reference to high birth weight-low gestational age infant. Pediat. 1966;37:417\u201322.","journal-title":"Pediat"},{"key":"224_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(67)80066-0","volume":"71","author":"FC Battaglia","year":"1967","unstructured":"Battaglia FC, Lubchenco LO. A practical classification of newborn infants by weight and gestational age. J Pediatr. 1967;71:159\u201363.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"224_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13616.x","volume":"101","author":"DA Sanderson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sanderson DA, Wilcox MA, Johnson IR. The individualized birth-weight ratio: A new method of identifying intrauterine growth retardation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1994;101:310\u20134.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870170107","volume":"17","author":"T Stefos","year":"1989","unstructured":"Stefos T, Deter RL. Individual growth curves standards for fetal head and abdominal circumferences: Effect of the type of measurement on growth prediction. J Clin Ultrasound. 1989;17:33\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"224_CR28","first-page":"159","volume":"60","author":"JP Elliott","year":"1982","unstructured":"Elliott JP, Garite TJ, Freeman RK, McQuown DS, Patel JM. Ultrasonic prediction of fetal macrosomia in diabetic patients. Obstet Gynecol. 1982;60:159\u201362.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR29","first-page":"715","volume":"61","author":"ME Boyd","year":"1983","unstructured":"Boyd ME, Usher RH, McLean FH. Fetal macrosomia: prediction, risks, proposed management. Obstet Gynecol. 1983;61:715\u201322.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)31308-3","volume":"1","author":"S Campbell","year":"1974","unstructured":"Campbell S. The assessment of fetal development by diagnostic ultrasound. Clin Perinatol. 1974;1:507\u201325.","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"224_CR31","unstructured":"Miller HC, Merritt TA. Fetal growth in humans. Chicago: Year Book; 1979. p. 31\u201357, 127\u2013141."},{"key":"224_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(71)90853-2","volume":"109","author":"M Winick","year":"1971","unstructured":"Winick M. Cellular changes during placental and fetal growth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1971;109:166\u201376.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(66)90180-3","volume":"95","author":"RL Naeye","year":"1966","unstructured":"Naeye RL. Abnormalities in infants of mothers with toxemia of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1966;95:276\u201383.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR34","first-page":"705","volume":"69","author":"JW Wladimiroff","year":"1987","unstructured":"Wladimiroff JW, van den Wijngaard JA, Degani S, Noordam MJ, von Eyck J, Tonge HM. Cerebral and umbilical arterial blood flow velocity waveform in normal and growth retarded pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol. 1987;69:705\u20139.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-198406000-00009","volume":"27","author":"FP Hadlock","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hadlock FP, Deter RL, Harrist RB. Sonographic detection of abnormal fetal growth patterns. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1984;27:342\u201351.","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870170104","volume":"17","author":"JM Miller","year":"1989","unstructured":"Miller JM, Kissling GE, Brown HL, Nagel PM, Korndorffer FA, Gabert HA. In\u00a0utero growth of the large-for-menstrual-age fetus. J Clin Ultrasound. 1989;17:15\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"224_CR37","first-page":"33","volume":"67","author":"SL Warsof","year":"1986","unstructured":"Warsof SL, Cooper DJ, Little D, Campbell S. Routine ultrasound screening for antenatal detection of intrauterine growth retardation. Obstet Gynecol. 1986;67:33\u20139.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(86)90144-4","volume":"155","author":"MY Divon","year":"1986","unstructured":"Divon MY, Chamberlain PF, Sipos L, Manning FA, Platt LD. Identification of the small for gestational age fetus with the use of gestational age-independent indices of fetal growth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1986;155:1197\u2013201.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(87)90303-6","volume":"156","author":"CB Benson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Benson CB, Doubilet PM, Saltzman DH. Sonographic determination of fetal weights in diabetic pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987;156:441\u20134.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1985.4.6.287","volume":"4","author":"AM Vintzileos","year":"1985","unstructured":"Vintzileos AM, Neckles S, Campbell WA, Kaplan BM, Andreoli JW, Nochimson DJ. Ultrasound fetal thigh-calf circumferences and gestational age-independent fetal ratios in normal pregnancy. J Ultrasound Med. 1985;4:287\u201392.","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"224_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0096(199709)25:7<378::AID-JCU5>3.0.CO;2-7","volume":"25","author":"BM Petrikovsky","year":"1997","unstructured":"Petrikovsky BM, Oleschuk C, Lesser M, Gelertner N, Gross B. Prediction of fetal macrosomia using sonographically measured abdominal subcutaneous tissue thickness. J Clin Ultrasound. 1997;25:378\u201382.","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"224_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90097-3","volume":"169","author":"JS Abramowicz","year":"1993","unstructured":"Abramowicz JS, Sherer DM, Woods JR. Ultrasonographic measurement of cheek-to-cheek diameter in fetal growth disturbances. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993;169:405\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR43","first-page":"3","volume":"10","author":"A Kurjak","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kurjak A. Rajhvajn B Jr: Ultrasonic measurements of umbilical blood flow in normal and complicated pregnancies. J Perinat Med. 1982;10:3\u201316.","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"224_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1981.tb02221.x","volume":"88","author":"JW Wladimiroff","year":"1981","unstructured":"Wladimiroff JW, McGhie JS. Ultrasonic assessment of cardiovascular geometry and function in the human fetus. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1981;88:870\u20135.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1986.tb08656.x","volume":"93","author":"JW Wladimiroff","year":"1986","unstructured":"Wladimiroff JW, Tonge HM, Stewart PA. Doppler ultrasound assessment of cerebral blood flow in the human fetus. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1986;93:471\u20135.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198811000-00014","volume":"24","author":"JW Wladimiroff","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wladimiroff JW, Noordam MJ, van den Wijngaard JA, Hop WC. Fetal internal carotid and umbilical artery blood flow velocity waveforms as a measure of fetal well-being in intrauterine growth retardation. Pediat Res. 1988;24:609\u201312.","journal-title":"Pediat Res"},{"key":"224_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(89)90007-8","volume":"20","author":"S Satoh","year":"1989","unstructured":"Satoh S, Koyanagi T, Fukuhara M, Hara K, Nakano H. Changes in vascular resistance in the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries in the human intrauterine growth-retarded fetus, measured with pulsed Doppler ultrasound. Early Hum Dev. 1989;20:213\u201320.","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"224_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-999394","volume":"8","author":"JC Veille","year":"1991","unstructured":"Veille JC, Ben-Ami M, Sivakoff M. Ranged-gated-pulsed Doppler of the umbilical artery in human fetuses during normal pregnancies. Am J Perinat. 1991;8:269\u201372.","journal-title":"Am J Perinat"},{"key":"224_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1159\/000262264","volume":"1","author":"PW Soothill","year":"1986","unstructured":"Soothill PW, Nicolaides KH, Rodeck CH, Campbell S. Effect of gestational age on fetal and intervillous blood gas and acid-base values in human pregnancy. Fetal Ther. 1986;1:168\u201375.","journal-title":"Fetal Ther"},{"key":"224_CR50","first-page":"133","volume":"89","author":"AA Banu","year":"1998","unstructured":"Banu AA. Doppler velocimetry in the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries in fetuses with intrauterine growth retardation or fetal distress. Fukuoka Acta Med. 1998;89:133\u201344.","journal-title":"Fukuoka Acta Med"},{"key":"224_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90278-9","volume":"151","author":"A Fleischer","year":"1985","unstructured":"Fleischer A, Schulman H, Farmakides G, Bracero L, Blattner P, Randolph G. Umbilical artery velocity waveforms and intrauterine growth retardation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1985;151:502\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1985.tb01045.x","volume":"92","author":"WB Giles","year":"1985","unstructured":"Giles WB, Trudinger BJ, Baird PJ. Fetal umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms and placental resistance. Pathological correlation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1985;92:31\u20138.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR53","first-page":"611","volume":"72","author":"MY Divon","year":"1988","unstructured":"Divon MY, Guidetti DA, Braverman JJ, Oberlander E, Langer O, Merkatz IR. Intrauterine growth retardation - a prospective study of the diagnostic value of real-time sonography combined with umbilical artery flow velocimetry. Obstet Gynecol. 1988;72:611\u20134.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(88)90378-X","volume":"158","author":"E Gaziano","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gaziano E, Knox GE, Wager GP, Bendel RP, Boyce DJ, Olson J. The predictability of the small-for-gestational-age infant by real-time ultrasound-derived measurements combined with pulsed Doppler umbilical artery velocity. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1988;158:1431\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(88)90122-0","volume":"27","author":"S Gudmundsson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gudmundsson S, Marsal K. Umbilical and uteroplacental blood flow velocity waveforms in pregnancies with fetal growth retardation. Eur J Obstet Gynecol. 1988;27:187\u201396.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.2000.00159.x","volume":"16","author":"MV Senat","year":"2000","unstructured":"Senat MV, Schwarzler P, Alcais A, Ville Y. Longitudinal changes in the ductus venosus, cerebral transverse sinus and cardiotocogram in fetal growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2000;16:19\u201324.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(11)90620-6","volume":"166","author":"G Mari","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mari G, Deter RL. Cerebral artery flow velocity waveforms in normal and small-for-gestational age fetuses. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1992;166:1262\u201370.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.1.129","volume":"91","author":"K Hecher","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hecher K, Campbell S, Doyle P, Harrington K, Nicolaides K. Assessment of fetal compromise by Doppler ultrasound of the fetal circulation. Circulation. 1995;91:129\u201338.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"224_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)30494-9","volume":"18","author":"FM Fairlie","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fairlie FM. Doppler flow velocimetry in hypertension in pregnancy. Clin Perinat. 1991;18:749\u201358.","journal-title":"Clin Perinat"},{"key":"224_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02389605","volume":"252","author":"E Weiss","year":"1992","unstructured":"Weiss E, Ulrich S, Berle P. Condition at birth of infants with previously absent or reverse umbilical artery end-diastolic flow velocities. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 1992;252:37\u201343.","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"224_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(93)90173-R","volume":"33","author":"RC Pattinson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Pattinson RC, Odendaal HJ, Kirsten G. The relationship between absent end-diastolic velocities of the umbilical artery and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Early Hum Dev. 1993;33:61\u20139.","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"224_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(12)90882-0","volume":"168","author":"D Arduini","year":"1993","unstructured":"Arduini D, Rizzo G, Romanini C. The development of abnormal heart rate patterns after absent end-diastolic velocity in umbilical artery: Analysis of risk factors. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993;168:43\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349309013366","volume":"72","author":"C Battaglia","year":"1993","unstructured":"Battaglia C, Artini PG, Galli PA, D\u2019Ambrogio G, Droghini F, Genazzani AR. Absent or reversed end-diastolic flow in umbilical artery and severe intrauterine growth retardation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1993;72:167\u201371.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"224_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(89)90917-4","volume":"161","author":"NY Divon","year":"1989","unstructured":"Divon NY, Girz BA, Lieblich R, Langer O. Clinical management of the fetus with markedly diminished umbilical artery end-diastolic flow. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989;161:1523\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(87)90147-5","volume":"156","author":"B Rochelson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rochelson B, Schulman H, Farmakides G, Bracero L, Ducey J, Fleischer A, et\u00a0al. The significance of absent end-diastolic velocity in umbilical artery velocity waveforms. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987;156:1213\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1987.tb02267.x","volume":"94","author":"J Laurin","year":"1987","unstructured":"Laurin J, Marsal K, Persson PH, Lingman G. Ultrasound measurement of fetal blood flow in predicting fetal outcome. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1987;94:940\u20138.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.294.6563.13","volume":"294","author":"GA Hackett","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hackett GA, Campbell S, Gamsu H, Cohen O, Pearce JMF. Doppler studies in the growth retarded fetus and prediction of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, haemorrhage, and neonatal mobidity. Br Med J. 1987;294:13\u20136.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"224_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(94)90266-6","volume":"56","author":"PH Arbeille","year":"1994","unstructured":"Arbeille PH, Maulik D, Stree JL, Amyel C, Deufel M. Fetal renal and cerebral Doppler in small for gestational age fetuses in hypertensive pregnancies. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1994;56:111\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"224_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90618-2","volume":"164","author":"S Gudmundsson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Gudmundsson S, Huhta JC, Wood DC, Tulzer G, Cohen AW, Weiner S. Venous Doppler ultrasonography in the fetus with non-immune hydrops. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991;164:33\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1053\/sper.2001.22890","volume":"25","author":"TWA Huisman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Huisman TWA. Doppler assessment of the fetal venous system. Semin Perinatol. 2001;25:21\u201331.","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"224_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-5629(85)90006-7","volume":"11","author":"Y Chiba","year":"1985","unstructured":"Chiba Y, Utsu M, Kanzaki T, Hasegawa T. Changes in venous flow and intratracheal flow in fetal breathing movements. Ultrasound Med Biol. 1985;11:43\u20139.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"224_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(11)90621-8","volume":"166","author":"G Rizzo","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rizzo G, Arduini D, Romanini C. Inferior vena cava flow velocity waveforms in appropriate- and small-for-gestational-age fetuses. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1992;166:1271\u201380.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1997.09030152.x","volume":"9","author":"K Hecher","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hecher K, Hackeloer BJ. Cardiotocogram compared to Doppler investigation of the fetal circulation in the premature growth-retarded fetus: Longitudinal observations. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1997;9:152\u201361.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2001.054","volume":"29","author":"JC Huhta","year":"2001","unstructured":"Huhta JC. Right ventricular function in the human fetus. J Perinat Med. 2001;29:381\u20139.","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"224_CR75","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Antepartum Fetal Surveillance. ACOG Practice Bulletin #9, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Washington DC 1999."},{"key":"224_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1991.tb13428.x","volume":"98","author":"BJ Trudinger","year":"1991","unstructured":"Trudinger BJ, Cook CM, Giles WB, Fong E, Connelly A, Wilcox W. Fetal umbilical artery velocity waveforms and subsequent neonatal outcome. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1991;98:378\u201384.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92490-7","volume":"340","author":"JA Davies","year":"1992","unstructured":"Davies JA, Gallivan S, Spencer JAD. Randomized controlled trial of Doppler ultrasound screening of placental perfusion during pregnancy. Lancet. 1992;340:1299\u2013303.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"224_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1993.tb14264.x","volume":"100","author":"FD Johnstone","year":"1993","unstructured":"Johnstone FD, Prescott R, Hoskins P, Greer IA, Mcglew T, Compton M. The effect of introduction of umbilical Doppler recordings to obstetric practice. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1993;100:733\u201341.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"224_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(94)70226-8","volume":"170","author":"MJ Whittle","year":"1994","unstructured":"Whittle MJ, Hanretty KP, Primrose MH, James P, Neilson MD. Screening for the compromised fetus: A randomized trial of umbilical artery velocimetry in unselected pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994;170:555\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR80","first-page":"551","volume":"77","author":"JH Indick","year":"1991","unstructured":"Indick JH, Chen V, Reed KL. Association of umbilical venous with inferior vena cava blood flow velocities. Obstet Gynecol. 1991;77:551\u20137.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(11)90621-8","volume":"166","author":"G Rizzo","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rizzo G, Arduini D, Romanini C. Inferior vena cava flow velocity waveforms in appropriate and small for gestational age fetuses. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1992;166:1271\u201380.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"224_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/00001703-200104000-00011","volume":"13","author":"AA Baschat","year":"2001","unstructured":"Baschat AA, Harman CR. Antenatal assessment of the growth restricted fetus. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2001;13:161\u20138.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Ultrasonics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10396-009-0224-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10396-009-0224-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10396-009-0224-4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T08:52:09Z","timestamp":1685091129000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10396-009-0224-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]}},"alternative-id":["224"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10396-009-0224-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1346-4523","1613-2254"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1346-4523","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-2254","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]]}}}