{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T20:01:44Z","timestamp":1785528104328,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018553","name":"Science and Technology Plan Project of Wenzhou Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Y2023826"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y2023826"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Ultrasonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10396-025-01614-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:19:29Z","timestamp":1767705569000},"page":"347-353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Measurement and analysis of the levator aponeurosis in unilateral aponeurotic ptosis using high-frequency (22\u00a0MHz) B-mode ultrasound with a water balloon"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Haochen","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanshun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lian","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shumei","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"1614_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000001564","volume":"36","author":"H NalciBaytaro\u011flu","year":"2020","unstructured":"NalciBaytaro\u011flu H, Kaya B, Korkusuz P, et al. A study of histopathologic evaluation and clinical correlation for isolated congenital myogenic ptosis and aponeurotic ptosis. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;36:380\u20134.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1614_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01547-5","volume":"35","author":"J Bacharach","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bacharach J, Lee WW, Harrison AR, et al. A review of acquired blepharoptosis: prevalence, diagnosis, and current treatment options. Eye. 2021;35:2468\u201381.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"1614_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01685-w","volume":"36","author":"HS Richards","year":"2022","unstructured":"Richards HS, Jenkinson E. Patient reported psychosocial functioning following successful ptosis surgery. Eye (Lond). 2022;36:1651\u20135.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"1614_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2020.10.040","volume":"74","author":"YK Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim YK, Chang LS, Kim EH. The anterior layer of the levator aponeurosis in blepharoptosis correction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021;74:1309\u201315.","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"1614_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-200111000-00010","volume":"47","author":"U Haramoto","year":"2001","unstructured":"Haramoto U, Kubo T, Tamatani M, et al. Anatomic study of the insertions of the levator aponeurosis and M\u00fcller\u2019s muscle in Oriental eyelids. Ann Plast Surg. 2001;47:528\u201333.","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"1614_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2023.07.003","volume":"52","author":"SH Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim SH, Park SH, Lim JH, et al. A retrospective study of anatomical differences in levator aponeurosis angle and length in East-Asian blepharoplasty. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2024;52:1\u20137.","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"1614_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.14730\/aaps.2015.21.2.37","volume":"21","author":"SH Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee SH, Hwang SM, Kim HD, et al. Histological changes in levator aponeurosis according to blepharoptosis and aging. Arch Aesthet Plast Surg. 2015;21:37\u201342.","journal-title":"Arch Aesthet Plast Surg"},{"key":"1614_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3181ab6891","volume":"25","author":"H Kakizaki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kakizaki H, Madge SN, Malhotra R, et al. The levator aponeurosis contains smooth muscle fibers: new findings in Caucasians. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009;25:267\u20139.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1614_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e31802f2074","volume":"23","author":"H Demirci","year":"2007","unstructured":"Demirci H, Nelson CC. Ultrasound biomicroscopy of the upper eyelid structures in normal eyelids. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007;23:122\u20135.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1614_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.04.014","volume":"50","author":"X Ju","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ju X, Kowanz D, Guo Y, et al. Dynamic measurement and analysis of upper eyelid changes using ultrasound biomicroscopy. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2024;50:1240\u20136.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"1614_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1097\/APO.0000000000000185","volume":"5","author":"P Saonanon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saonanon P, Thongtong P, Wongwuticomjon T. Differences between single and double eyelid anatomy in Asians using ultrasound biomicroscopy. Asia-Pac J Ophthalmol. 2016;5:335\u20138.","journal-title":"Asia-Pac J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1614_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_915_17","volume":"66","author":"A Surve","year":"2018","unstructured":"Surve A, Meel R, Pushker N, et al. Ultrasound biomicroscopy image patterns in normal upper eyelid and congenital ptosis in the Indian population. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2018;66:383\u20138.","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1614_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1097\/01.IOP.0000129532.33913.E7","volume":"20","author":"BM Ho\u015fal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ho\u015fal BM, Ayer NG, Zilelio\u011flu G, et al. Ultrasound biomicroscopy of the levator aponeurosis in congenital and aponeurotic blepharoptosis. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004;20:308\u201311.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1614_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3109\/01676839409107920","volume":"13","author":"BM Hosal","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hosal BM, Pavlin CJ, Hurwitz JJ. Clinical use of ultrasound biomicroscopy in involutional blepharoptosis. Orbit. 1994;13:167\u201371.","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"1614_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000001860","volume":"37","author":"YH Al-Faky","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Faky YH. Surgical observations of the levator aponeurosis fibrotic changes in simple congenital ptosis suggest complex pathogenesis. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021;37:329\u201333.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1614_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20368","volume":"35","author":"MS Bajaj","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bajaj MS, Aalok L, Gupta V, et al. Ultrasound biomicroscopic appearances of eyelid lesions at 50 MHz. J Clin Ultrasound. 2007;35:424\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"1614_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2015.05.001","volume":"25","author":"CJ Kendall","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kendall CJ, Prager TC, Cheng H, et al. Diagnostic ophthalmic ultrasound for radiologists. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2015;25:327\u201365.","journal-title":"Neuroimaging Clin N Am"},{"key":"1614_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.117.7.907","volume":"117","author":"S Jeong","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jeong S, Lemke BN, Dortzbach RK, et al. The Asian upper eyelid: an anatomical study with comparison to the Caucasian eyelid. Arch Ophthalmol. 1999;117:907\u201312.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1614_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1097\/01.iop.0000173192.84698.d6","volume":"21","author":"H Kakizaki","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kakizaki H, Zako M, Nakano T, et al. The levator aponeurosis consists of two layers that include smooth muscle. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005;21:379\u201382.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1614_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mjafi.2015.07.006","volume":"71","author":"S Pandit","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pandit S, Ahuja MS. Gross and microscopic study of insertion of levator palpebrae superioris and its anatomical correlation in superior palpebral crease formation and its clinical relevance. Med J Armed Forces India. 2015;71:330\u20136.","journal-title":"Med J Armed Forces India"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Ultrasonics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10396-025-01614-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10396-025-01614-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10396-025-01614-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T18:17:55Z","timestamp":1785521875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10396-025-01614-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["1614"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10396-025-01614-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1346-4523","1613-2254"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1346-4523","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-2254","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Haochen Guo, Guanshun Yu, Lian Cui, Xiaoyu Yu, and Shumei Wen declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Approval No. Lun Shen 2024 Yan Di 002).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}