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Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent form of arthritis, may contribute to cognitive impairment through these mechanisms. The objectives of this study are: (1) To assess cognitive trajectories in older adults (\u2265\u200965\u00a0years) over a 7-year period; (2) to explore the relationship between OA and cognitive decline; and (3) to investigate the potential mediating effect of depressive symptoms. Using the longitudinal dataset of Progetto Veneto Anziani (Pro.V.A), data on inflammation, and cognitive status (Mini-Mental State Examination-MMSE, Geriatric Depression Scale-GDS) were collected. OA was diagnosed based on clinical evaluations and medical records. Active follow-ups were carried out after 4.4 and 7\u00a0years from baseline. Group-based trajectory modeling identified cognitive trajectories, and multivariable logistic regression assessed factors associated with these trajectories. Structural equation modeling explored whether depressive symptoms mediated the OA-cognitive trajectories relationship. The sample included 2945 older adults (63.3% having OA). Participants with OA were older, more likely to be female, and had higher GDS and lower MMSE scores at baseline. Over 7\u00a0years, three cognitive trajectories were identified: severe cognitive decline (n\u2009=\u2009261, 8.9%), moderate decline (n\u2009=\u2009865, 29.3%), and stability (n\u2009=\u20091819, 61.8%). OA was more prevalent in participants with greater cognitive decline. Logistic regression showed that OA was significantly associated with moderate cognitive decline trajectory (OR\u2009=\u20091.31, 95% CI: 1.03\u20131.71,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.039). OA influenced cognitive decline both directly and indirectly through depression, with depression mediating 30% of the total effect. OA seem to be associated with cognitive decline trajectory directly and indirectly through depression, highlighting the need to address mental health in OA management.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Osteoarthritis is linked to moderate cognitive decline in older adults, with depression acting as a partial mediator.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>About 30% of OA\u2019s total effect on cognition is explained by depressive symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Early intervention targeting both physical and psychological health may help prevent cognitive deterioration in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10433-025-00900-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T18:26:19Z","timestamp":1765909579000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The impact of osteoarthritis and geriatric depression scale on mini-mental state examination trajectories over seven years"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Ceolin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Noale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Bindoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Ramonda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Pigozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Curreri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adele","family":"Ravelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Devita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Sergi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"De Rui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"900_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181ed1762","volume":"26","author":"CA Abeare","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abeare CA, Cohen JL, Axelrod BN, Leisen JCC, Mosley-Williams A, Lumley MA (2010) Pain, executive functioning, and affect in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 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