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Stress relaxation and load-to-failure testing were performed to characterize mechanical tensile properties. Light imaging and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)\/energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were performed to further assess enthesis structural integrity.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The VLC in advanced-stage osteoarthritic TMCs had attenuated mechanical properties in stress relaxation experiments compared to the elder healthy\/early-stage osteoarthritic specimens: Young\u2019s modulus at 20% strain (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044), instantaneous (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.023), relaxed (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017) moduli. VLCs in advanced-stage osteoarthritic TMCs also had significantly lower properties in the load-to-failure experiments compared to the younger healthy\/early-stage osteoarthritic specimens: stiffness (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048), ultimate load (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017), toughness (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). Light and SEM\/EDS imaging revealed partial detachment and loss of enthesis mineral gradient at VLC metacarpal insertion in advanced-stage osteoarthritic specimens. There were no mechanical or structural changes in the DRL and POL between experiment groups.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>VLC morphological and mechanical properties deteriorate across progressively severe osteoarthritis classifications while the DRL and POL remain unchanged. The attenuated mechanical properties of VLCs in advanced-stage osteoarthritic TMCs can be explained by ligament degradation as evidenced by partial detachment and loss of mineral gradient at the metacarpal insertion.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-024-03660-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,7]],"date-time":"2024-12-07T20:18:11Z","timestamp":1733602691000},"page":"799-811","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Morphological and Mechanical Property Differences in Trapeziometacarpal Ligaments of Healthy and Osteoarthritic Female Joints"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9980-6260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lizzie","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Chiaramonti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0049-2212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shangping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3250-7696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoxu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dane","family":"Daley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Slate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Vincent D.","family":"Pellegrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5411-8528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongren","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"3660_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pellegrini VD, Jr. Pathomechanics of the thumb trapeziometacarpal joint. 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