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This study explores the cellular and molecular mechanisms of wound healing with chitosan nanofibrous dressings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-nine Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups based on the type of dressings administered: (1) chitosan nanofibrous dressing\u2009+\u2009transparent film, (2) commercial scaffold\u2009+\u2009transparent film, and (3) transparent film alone (control). Full-thickness wounds (2 cm\u2009\u00d7\u20092 cm) were created on the dorsum, splinted, and covered with dressings. Evaluations at 7, 14, and 21 days included histological analysis, and measurements of TNF-\u03b1 and iNOS levels in the wounds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      On day 21, epithelialization was significantly higher in the chitosan group than in the scaffold group (87.5% vs. 42.0%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). TNF-\u03b1 levels were lower in both treatment groups compared to the controls. In the chitosan group, the CD68+\/CD163+\u2009ratio was lower than in the scaffold group (0.28 vs. 0.62,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.037), and blood vessel formation was greater than in the controls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results suggest that chitosan nanofibrous dressings enhance acute wound healing in rats by promoting re-epithelialization, neovasculogenesis, and maintaining low TNF-\u03b1 levels in the later phases of healing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-025-03842-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T20:03:18Z","timestamp":1759953798000},"page":"3415-3434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chitosan Nanofibrous Dressing Increased Angiogenesis and Anti-inflammatory Response in an Acute Wound Model in Rats: A Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8364-4167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yury","family":"Salkovskiy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9038-7596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahboubeh","family":"Ghanbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5444-721X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos P.","family":"Jara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9722-4734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Cartwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1465-1475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pinaki","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0820-1221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colman","family":"Freel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6134-5550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayed Ahmadreza","family":"Razian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1204-699X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason","family":"MacTaggart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8113-9199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark A.","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"3842_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1111\/IWJ.13364","volume":"17","author":"KAX Furtado","year":"2020","unstructured":"Furtado, K. 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