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Despite the availability of various stent designs, few are capable of accommodating the severe deformations induced by limb flexion at these locations without causing adverse stent-artery interactions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study employed finite element analysis and response surface methodology to optimize the geometric design of nitinol PAD stents, with the objectives of improving stent-artery apposition, reducing arterial wall stress, minimizing stress concentrations, and decreasing arterial pinching under limb flexion-induced deformations. Five geometric parameters - strut width, thickness, amplitude, number, and link amplitude - were analyzed to assess their influence on stent performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Strut width, thickness, amplitude, and the number of struts significantly impacted arterial stress and apposition, while link amplitude had an insignificant effect. We identified two optimized stent configurations that achieved\u2009&gt;\u200997% stent-artery apposition,\u2009&lt;\u20090.6% of the artery with stress\u2009&gt;\u2009100\u00a0kPa, an average arterial stress of\u2009&lt;\u200929\u00a0kPa, and pinching of\u2009&lt;\u20091.15. The findings revealed that lower strut amplitude and reduced strut cross-sections improved apposition and stress distribution but required careful balancing to minimize arterial pinching and maintain structural integrity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study underscores the potential of multi-objective optimization in stent design, paving the way for PAD stents that more effectively accommodate femoropopliteal biomechanics and promote favorable mechanical conditions for healing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-025-03968-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T15:58:30Z","timestamp":1768579110000},"page":"1287-1305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Computational Optimization of a Stent for the Femoropopliteal Artery"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Alexey","family":"Kamenskiy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"MacTaggart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5016-6162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia","family":"Desyatova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3968_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/CLC.4950250103","volume":"25","author":"RS Dieter","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dieter, R. 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