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Specifically, we assessed the accuracy of the uterine surface electrogram imaged by UPI while maintaining the original 128-electrode UPI placement as a constraint. Subsequently, we expanded our analysis to the entire body surface of the subjects, removing the constraint of the initial UPI electrode placement to explore a generalized optimized electrode placement strategy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The MPME method demonstrated superior performance compared to other approaches under both constrained and unconstrained optimization. For UPI, the optimal electrode configuration should prioritize a dense concentration of electrodes on the lower abdomen, close to the uterus, where the most informative bioelectrical signals are captured. At the same time, it is important to maintain a distribution of electrodes along the edges of the upper abdominal, lateral sides, and posterior regions. This spatial distribution preserves the geometric contour of the torso and supports comprehensive, multi-angle observation of uterine electrical activity. By combining signal fidelity with spatial coverage, this balanced placement strategy enhances the UPI accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The adapted MPME method guided a novel electrode placement strategy for electrophysiological imaging, achieving substantial improvements in imaging accuracy while reducing system complexity and cost.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-026-04072-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T17:02:10Z","timestamp":1775840530000},"page":"2748-2762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimization of the Multi-Channel Surface Electrogram Acquisition for Noninvasive Uterine Electrophysiology Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Hansong","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sicheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuelin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuchang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zichao","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2507-8333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"4072_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.02.104","volume":"237","author":"Y Rudy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rudy, Y. 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