{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:05:46Z","timestamp":1792191946354,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774051200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2024YFC3607305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFC3607305"]}]},{"name":"Joint Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LKLY26H170001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LKLY26H170001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04aqat463","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Key Project of Education Science Planning","award":["2025SB084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025SB084"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department","award":["Y202559510"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202559510"]}]},{"name":"Ningbo key R&D Program","award":["2022Z196"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022Z196"]}]},{"name":"Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo","award":["No.2023001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2023001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00fnk0q46","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Association Scientific Research Special Fund","award":["ZKKY2023001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZKKY2023001"]}]},{"name":"Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics and Exercise Rehabilitation","award":["No.2024L004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2024L004"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020738","name":"K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Biomed Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-026-04089-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T19:46:57Z","timestamp":1774122417000},"page":"3423-3435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Foot Progression Angle Modulates Knee Loading During Walking in Individuals with Flexible Flatfoot"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Linxiao","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenghui","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zifan","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengyuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuanzhen","family":"Cen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7634-5668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guszt\u00e1v","family":"Fekete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaodong","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"4089_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22049","volume":"65","author":"JL Riskowski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Riskowski, J. L., A. B. Dufour, T. J. Hagedorn, H. J. Hillstrom, V. A. Casey, and M. T. Hannan. Associations of foot posture and function to lower extremity pain: results from a population-based foot study. Arthritis Care & Res. 65(11):1804\u20131812, 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.22049.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care & Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2016.10.001","volume":"56","author":"Y Han","year":"2017","unstructured":"Han, Y., D. Duan, K. Zhao, X. Wang, L. Ouyang, and G. Liu. Investigation of the relationship between flatfoot and patellar subluxation in adolescents. J Foot Ankle Surg. 56(1):15\u201318, 2017.","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"4089_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20431","volume":"63","author":"KD Gross","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gross, K. D., et al. Association of flat feet with knee pain and cartilage damage in older adults. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 63(7):937\u2013944, 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.20431.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"4089_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874312901408010096","author":"A F.E","year":"2014","unstructured":"F.E, A., et al. A positive association between foot posture index and medial compartment knee osteoarthritis in moroccan people. The Open Rheumatology Journal. 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874312901408010096.","journal-title":"The Open Rheumatology Journal"},{"issue":"11","key":"4089_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2490","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23565","volume":"35","author":"H Iijima","year":"2017","unstructured":"Iijima, H., et al. Association of bilateral flat feet with knee pain and disability in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study. J. Orthop. Res. 35(11):2490\u20132498, 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.23565.","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"4089_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.4103\/injr.injr_39_22","volume":"17","author":"S Wagh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wagh, S., and R. Razak. The association of foot posture and osteoarthritis of the medial compartment of the knee joint: a literature review. Indian J. Rheumatol. 17(3):270\u2013278, 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/injr.injr_39_22.","journal-title":"Indian J. Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4089_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.13107\/jocr.2024.v14.i10.4888","volume":"14","author":"V Patil","year":"2024","unstructured":"Patil, V., M. Shah, K. Krishnani, and N. Jhala. The impact of pes planus on knee function and its association with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. J Orthop Case Rep. 14(10):275\u2013281, 2024.","journal-title":"J Orthop Case Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2536213","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2025.2536213","volume":"57","author":"YF Liang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liang, Y. F., et al. Association between knee osteoarthritis and foot deformities: epidemiological analysis of hallux valgus and flatfoot. Ann Med. 57(1):2536213, 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07853890.2025.2536213.","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"4089_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.936720","author":"M Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, M., et al. A strong correlation between the severity of flatfoot and symptoms of knee osteoarthritis in 95 patients. Front. Surg, Original Res. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2022.936720.","journal-title":"Front. Surg, Original Res."},{"key":"4089_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"C.-K. Cheng et al., (2022) The association between the flat feet and the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1240420\/v1","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1240420\/v1"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1177\/0036933015619588","volume":"61","author":"SM Hussain","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hussain, S. M., D. W. Neilly, S. Baliga, S. Patil, and R. Meek. Knee osteoarthritis: a review of management options. Scott Med J. 61(1):7\u201316, 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0036933015619588.","journal-title":"Scott Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR12","first-page":"127","volume":"25","author":"HS Kan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kan, H. S., et al. Non-surgical treatment of knee osteoarthritis Hong Kong Med J. 25(2):127\u2013133, 2019.","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"key":"4089_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/paah.375","author":"X Jiang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jiang, X., J. S\u00e1rosi, and I. B\u00edr\u00f3. Characteristics of lower limb running-related injuries in trail runners: a systematic review Phys Act Health. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/paah.375.","journal-title":"Phys Act Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"4089_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2010.04.012","volume":"25","author":"TR Souza","year":"2010","unstructured":"Souza, T. R., R. Z. Pinto, R. G. Trede, R. N. Kirkwood, and S. T. Fonseca. Temporal couplings between rearfoot\u2013shank complex and hip joint during walking Clin Biomech. 25(7):745\u2013748, 2010.","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-025-05649-8","volume":"20","author":"S-A Nourbakhsh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nourbakhsh, S.-A., R. Sheikhhoseini, H. Piri, F. Soltani, and E. Ebrahimi. Spatiotemporal and kinematic gait changes in flexible flatfoot: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Orthop Surg Res. 20(1):223, 2025.","journal-title":"J. Orthop Surg Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.14744\/nci.2014.29292","volume":"1","author":"A Atik","year":"2014","unstructured":"Atik, A., and S. Ozyurek. Flexible flatfoot. Northern clin Istanbul. 1(1):57, 2014.","journal-title":"Northern clin Istanbul"},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2126","volume":"118","author":"M Pfeiffer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pfeiffer, M., R. Kotz, T. Ledl, G. Hauser, and M. Sluga. Prevalence of flat foot in preschool-aged children. Pediatrics. 118(2):634\u2013639, 2006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2005-2126.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-06044-8","volume":"24","author":"LNT Oerlemans","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oerlemans, L. N. T., C. M. M. Peeters, R. Munnik-Hagewoud, I. M. Nijholt, A. Witlox, and C. C. P. M. Verheyen. Foot orthoses for flexible flatfeet in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of patient-reported outcomes. BMC Musculoskel Disord. 24(1):16, 2023.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskel Disord"},{"key":"4089_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198312000-00006","volume":"181","author":"DM Stormont","year":"1983","unstructured":"Stormont, D. M., and H. A. Peterson. The relative incidence of tarsal coalition. Clin Orthop Relat Res\u00ae. 181:28\u201336, 1983.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res\u00ae"},{"issue":"6","key":"4089_CR20","first-page":"17","volume":"11","author":"A Aenumulapalli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aenumulapalli, A., M. M. Kulkarni, and A. R. Gandotra. Prevalence of flexible flat foot in adults: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Diagn Res. 11(6):17\u201320, 2017.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"4089_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2019190046","volume":"39","author":"DV Flores","year":"2019","unstructured":"Flores, D. V., C. Mej\u00eda G\u00f3mez, M. Fern\u00e1ndez Hernando, M. A. Davis, and M. N. Pathria. Adult acquired flatfoot deformity: anatomy, biomechanics, staging, and imaging findings. RadioGraphics. 39(5):1437\u20131460, 2019.","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3113\/fai.2008.0199","volume":"29","author":"M Ferri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ferri, M., A. V. Scharfenberger, G. Goplen, T. R. Daniels, and D. Pearce. Weightbearing CT scan of severe flexible pes planus deformities. Foot & Ankle In. 29(2):199\u2013204, 2008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3113\/fai.2008.0199.","journal-title":"Foot & Ankle In"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04872-8","volume":"22","author":"L Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang, L., et al. Association between subtalar articular surface typing and flat foot deformity: which type is more likely to cause flat foot deformity. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 22(1):979, 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-021-04872-8.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"10","key":"4089_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2004.07.005","volume":"19","author":"AT DeLeo","year":"2004","unstructured":"DeLeo, A. T., T. A. Dierks, R. Ferber, and I. S. Davis. Lower extremity joint coupling during running: a current update. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 19(10):983\u2013991, 2004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2004.07.005.","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol)"},{"issue":"7","key":"4089_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070002100709","volume":"21","author":"CJ Nester","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nester, C. J., S. Hutchins, and P. Bowker. Shank rotation: a measure of rearfoot motion during normal walking. Foot Ankle Int. 21(7):578\u2013583, 2000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/107110070002100709.","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2013.11.012","volume":"29","author":"YC Lai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lai, Y. C., H. S. Lin, H. F. Pan, W. N. Chang, C. J. Hsu, and J. H. Renn. Impact of foot progression angle on the distribution of plantar pressure in normal children. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 29(2):196\u2013200, 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2013.11.012.","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol)"},{"key":"4089_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.06.027","volume":"81","author":"R Qiu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qiu, R., R. Xu, D. Wang, and D. Ming. The effect of modifying foot progression angle on the knee loading parameters in healthy participants with different static foot postures. Gait Posture. 81:7\u201313, 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.06.027.","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"5","key":"4089_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1007\/s12541-018-0091-2","volume":"19","author":"J Yoon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yoon, J., S. Ha, S. Lee, and S.-W. Chae. Analysis of contact pressure at knee cartilage during gait with respect to foot progression angle. Int J. Precis Eng Manuf. 19(5):761\u2013766, 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12541-018-0091-2.","journal-title":"Int J. Precis Eng Manuf"},{"key":"4089_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.1017711","author":"M Baniasad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baniasad, M., R. Martin, X. Crevoisier, C. Pichonnaz, F. Becce, and K. Aminian. Knee adduction moment decomposition: toward better clinical decision-making. Front. Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2022.1017711.","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4089_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2013.06.001","volume":"21","author":"M Simic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Simic, M., T. V. Wrigley, R. S. Hinman, M. A. Hunt, and K. L. Bennell. Altering foot progression angle in people with medial knee osteoarthritis: the effects of varying toe-in and toe-out angles are mediated by pain and malalignment. Osteoarthr Cartil. 21(9):1272\u20131280, 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2013.06.001.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1080\/10255842.2017.1382839","volume":"20","author":"S Bennour","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bennour, S., B. Ulrich, T. Legrand, B. Jolles, and J. Favre. Effects of foot progression angle on knee biomechanics during gait modification. Comput. Method Biomech. Biomed. Eng. 20(1):S17\u2013S18, 2017.","journal-title":"Comput. Method Biomech. Biomed. Eng"},{"issue":"12","key":"4089_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24420","volume":"73","author":"S Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang, S., S. Mo, R. C. K. Chung, P. B. Shull, D. C. Ribeiro, and R. T. H. Cheung. How foot progression angle affects knee adduction moment and angular impulse in patients with and without medial knee osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 73(12):1763\u20131776, 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.24420.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28702023","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-30058-4","volume":"13","author":"J Holder","year":"2023","unstructured":"Holder, J., S. van Drongelen, S. D. Uhlrich, E. Herrmann, A. Meurer, and F. Stief. Peak knee joint moments accurately predict medial and lateral knee contact forces in patients with valgus malalignment. Sci. Rep. 13(1):28702023, 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-30058-4.","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"4089_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38374","volume":"66","author":"A Trepczynski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Trepczynski, A., I. Kutzner, G. Bergmann, W. R. Taylor, and M. O. Heller. Modulation of the relationship between external knee adduction moments and medial joint contact forces across subjects and activities. Arthritis Rheumatol. 66(5):1218\u20131227, 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.38374.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4089_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1177\/09544119221085795","volume":"236","author":"D Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun, D., Y. Song, X. Cen, M. Wang, J. S. Baker, and Y. Gu. Workflow assessing the effect of achilles tendon rupture on gait function and metatarsal stress: combined musculoskeletal modeling and finite element analysis. Proc.Inst. Mech. Eng. Part H: J. Eng.Med. 236(5):676\u2013685, 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09544119221085795.","journal-title":"Proc.Inst. Mech. Eng. Part H: J. Eng.Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.52082\/jssm.2025.370","volume":"24","author":"Y Song","year":"2025","unstructured":"Song, Y., et al. A systematic review of finite element analysis in running footwear biomechanics: insights for running-related musculoskeletal injuries. J. Sports Sci. Med. 24(2):370\u2013387, 2025.","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"4089_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2007.901024","volume":"54","author":"SL Delp","year":"2007","unstructured":"Delp, S. L., et al. OpenSim: open-source software to create and analyze dynamic simulations of movement. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 54(11):1940\u20131950, 2007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TBME.2007.901024.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"4089_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.11.016","volume":"83","author":"KB Smale","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smale, K. B., et al. Effect of implementing magnetic resonance imaging for patient-specific OpenSim models on lower-body kinematics and knee ligament lengths. J. Biomech. 83:9\u201315, 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.11.016.","journal-title":"J. Biomech"},{"issue":"3","key":"4089_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.15850\/amj.v3n3.887","volume":"3","author":"CJ Jasrin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jasrin, C. J., W. Mayasari, and L. E. Rakhmilla. Relationship between physical activity and age on flatfoot in children Althea Med J. 3(3):396\u2013400, 2016.","journal-title":"Althea Med J."},{"issue":"5","key":"4089_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(87)90255-7","volume":"20","author":"PR Cavanagh","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cavanagh, P. R., and M. M. Rodgers. The arch index: a useful measure from footprintsJ. Biomech. 20(5):547\u2013551, 1987. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0021-9290(87)90255-7.","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2017.09.010","volume":"57","author":"X Zhao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao, X., et al. Does Weight Reduction Affect Foot Structure and the Strength of the Muscles That Move the Ankle in Obese Japanese Adults? J Foot Ankle Surg. 57(2):281\u2013284, 2018.","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"4089_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.002","volume":"114","author":"X Cen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cen, X., et al. Influence of medial longitudinal arch flexibility on lower limb joint coupling coordination and gait impulse. Gait & Posture. 114:208\u2013214, 2024.","journal-title":"Gait & Posture"},{"issue":"3","key":"4089_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31827443a9","volume":"92","author":"NA Segal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Segal, N. A., E. R. Boyer, P. Teran-Yengle, N. A. Glass, H. J. Hillstrom, and H. J. Yack. Pregnancy leads to lasting changes in foot structure Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 92(3):232\u2013240, 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31827443a9.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047-015-0087-4","volume":"8","author":"M Saghazadeh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saghazadeh, M., N. Kitano, and T. Okura. Gender differences of foot characteristics in older Japanese adults using a 3D foot scanner J. Foot Ankle Res. 8(1):29, 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13047-015-0087-4.","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jfa2.70126","volume":"19","author":"L Shen","year":"2026","unstructured":"Shen, L., et al. Foot progression angle modulates three-dimensional lower-limb biomechanics in flexible flatfoot: kinematic-kinetic patterns and clinical implications. J. Foot Ankle Res.19(1):e70126, 2026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jfa2.70126.","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Res."},{"key":"4089_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-018-0419-2","volume":"15","author":"A Karatsidis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Karatsidis, A., et al. Validation of wearable visual feedback for retraining foot progression angle using inertial sensors and an augmented reality headset. J. Neuroeng.Rehabil. 15:1\u201312, 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12984-018-0419-2.","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng.Rehabil."},{"key":"4089_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.05.008","volume":"121","author":"S Gao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gao, S., et al. Impact of Becker muscular dystrophy on gait patterns: insights from biomechanical analysis. Gait & Posture. 121:160\u2013165, 2025.","journal-title":"Gait & Posture"},{"key":"4089_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/jhk\/212382","author":"Z Xia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xia, Z., et al. Biomechanical strategies for minimizing force plate targeting effects during running: efficacy of masked force plate integration with augmented visual feedback. J. Hum. Kinet. J. Art. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/jhk\/212382.","journal-title":"J. Hum. Kinet. J. Art."},{"key":"4089_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19424280.2025.2604840","author":"Z Xia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xia, Z., et al. Biomechanical effects of maximal footwear on running: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Footwear Sci. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19424280.2025.2604840.","journal-title":"Footwear Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4055036","volume":"145","author":"M Baggaley","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baggaley, M., T. R. Derrick, and W. Brent Edwards. Sensitivity of internal tibial forces and moments to static optimization moment constraints at the subtalar and ankle joints. J. Biomech. Eng. 145(1):2022, 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4055036.","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Eng."},{"key":"4089_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.246770","author":"M Baggaley","year":"2024","unstructured":"Baggaley, M., I. Haider, O. Bruce, A. Khassetarash, and W. B. Edwards. Tibial strains are sensitive to speed perturbations, but not grade perturbations, during running. J. Exp. Biol. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jeb.246770.","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"4089_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2026.3653016","volume":"34","author":"D Wang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Wang, D., et al. Biomechanical trade-offs in knee brace stiffness: dynamic stability during single-leg lateral landings in young males. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst.Rehabil Eng. 34:626\u2013637, 2026.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst.Rehabil Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/s44334-025-00055-8","volume":"2","author":"Z Lu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lu, Z., et al. Computationally tuned dual-layer lattice pads adapted to gait-induced pressure distribution. Npj Adv. Manuf. 2(1):43, 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44334-025-00055-8.","journal-title":"Npj Adv. Manuf."},{"issue":"4","key":"4089_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-7949(90)90067-C","volume":"35","author":"RL Spilker","year":"1990","unstructured":"Spilker, R. L., and J. K. Suh. Formulation and evaluation of a finite element model for the biphasic model of hydrated soft tissues. Comput. Struct. 35(4):425\u2013439, 1990. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0045-7949(90)90067-C.","journal-title":"Comput. Struct."},{"issue":"8","key":"4089_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e18410","volume":"9","author":"Z Lu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lu, Z., D. Sun, B. Kovacs, Z. Radak, and Y. Gu. Case study: the influence of Achilles tendon rupture on knee joint stress during counter-movement jump - combining musculoskeletal modeling and finite element analysis. Heliyon.9(8):e18410, 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e18410.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1504\/ijbet.2025.149597","volume":"49","author":"L Shen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shen, L., et al. Advances and future directions of foetal finite element modelling in childbirth: from biomechanical interactions to clinical implications. Int. Biomed. Eng Technol. 49(2):139\u2013168, 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1504\/ijbet.2025.149597.","journal-title":"Int. Biomed. Eng Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"4089_CR57","first-page":"439","volume":"135","author":"L Zhang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhang, L., B. S. Gardiner, D. W. Smith, P. Pivonka, and A. J. Grodzinsky. Integrated model of IGF-I mediated biosynthesis in a deformed articular cartilage. J. Eng. Mech. 135(5):439\u2013449, 2009.","journal-title":"J. Eng. Mech."},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-03034-3","volume":"17","author":"C-C Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu, C.-C., L.-M. Ye, X.-F. Li, and L.-J. Shi. Sequential damage assessment of the posterolateral complex of the knee joint: a finite element study. J. Orthopaed Surg. Res. 17(1):185, 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-022-03034-3.","journal-title":"J. Orthopaed Surg. Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"4089_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2013.09.007","volume":"29","author":"E Triantafyllidi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Triantafyllidi, E., et al. The shape and the thickness of the anterior cruciate ligament along Its length in relation to the posterior cruciate ligament: a cadaveric study. Arthrosc: J. Arthrosc. Relat. Surg. 29(12):1963\u20131973, 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2013.09.007.","journal-title":"Arthrosc: J. Arthrosc. Relat. Surg."},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/10255842.2013.783575","volume":"18","author":"ME Mononen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mononen, M. E., J. S. Jurvelin, and R. K. Korhonen. Implementation of a gait cycle loading into healthy and meniscectomised knee joint models with fibril-reinforced articular cartilage. Comput Method Biomech Biomed Engin. 18(2):141\u2013152, 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10255842.2013.783575.","journal-title":"Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin"},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(01)00179-8","volume":"35","author":"AC Godest","year":"2002","unstructured":"Godest, A. C., M. Beaugonin, E. Haug, M. Taylor, and P. J. Gregson. Simulation of a knee joint replacement during a gait cycle using explicit finite element analysis. J. Biomech. 35(2):267\u2013275, 2002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0021-9290(01)00179-8.","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.02.046","volume":"38","author":"JP Halloran","year":"2005","unstructured":"Halloran, J. P., A. J. Petrella, and P. J. Rullkoetter. Explicit finite element modeling of total knee replacement mechanics. J. Biomech. 38(2):323\u2013331, 2005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.02.046.","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"4089_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2024.1438839","author":"X Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen, X., et al. Finite element analysis of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques: A comparison of the mechanical properties of all-inside fixation and traditional fixation Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2024.1438839.","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"4089_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56020056","author":"K Watanabe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Watanabe, K., et al. Development of a knee joint CT-FEM model in load response of the stance phase during walking using muscle exertion, motion analysis, and ground reaction force data. Medicina (Kaunas). 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina56020056.","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1255-1","volume":"14","author":"K Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang, K., et al. The biomechanical changes of load distribution with longitudinal tears of meniscal horns on knee joint: a finite element analysis. J Orthop Surg Res. 14(1):237, 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-019-1255-1.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"4089_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2025.112730","volume":"186","author":"F Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, F., et al. Dynamic simulation of knee joint mechanics: Individualized multi-moment finite element modelling of patellar tendon stress during landing. J. Biomech.186:112730, 2025.","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"4089_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.957435","author":"S Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, S., K. Hase, S. Kita, and S. Ogaya. Biomechanical effects of medial meniscus radial tears on the knee joint during gait: a concurrent finite element musculoskeletal framework investigation. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2022.957435.","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol"},{"key":"4089_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2018.12.004","volume":"18","author":"K Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang, K., et al. Effect of degenerative and radial tears of the meniscus and resultant meniscectomy on the knee joint: a finite element analysis. J. Orthop. Transl. 18:20\u201331, 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jot.2018.12.004.","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Transl."},{"key":"4089_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164922","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1164922","volume":"11","author":"A Xue","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xue, A., et al. Biomechanical effects of the medial meniscus horizontal tear and the resection strategy on the rabbit knee joint under resting state: finite element analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 11:1164922, 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1164922.","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"4089_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2023.108940","volume":"189","author":"Q Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li, Q., S. Miramini, D. W. Smith, B. S. Gardiner, and L. Zhang. Changes in joint lubrication with the degree of meniscectomy and osteochondral junction integrity. Tribol Int. 189:108940, 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.triboint.2023.108940.","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"key":"4089_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24031","author":"C Milner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Milner, C., S. Meardon, J. Hawkins, and J. Willson. Walking velocity and step length adjustments affect knee joint contact forces in healthy weight and obese adults. J. Orthop Res.: Off Publication Orthop Res Soc. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.24031.","journal-title":"J. Orthop Res.: Off Publication Orthop Res Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"4089_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s004020050459","volume":"120","author":"S Seber","year":"2000","unstructured":"Seber, S., B. Hazer, N. K\u00f6se, E. G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk, I. G\u00fcnal, and A. Turgut. \"Rotational profile of the lower extremity and foot progression angle: computerized tomographic examination of 50 male adults. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 120(6):255\u2013258, 2000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004020050459.","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17396","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17228-x","volume":"7","author":"KS Halonen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Halonen, K. S., C. M. Dzialo, M. Mannisi, M. S. Ven\u00e4l\u00e4inen, M. de Zee, and M. S. Andersen. Workflow assessing the effect of gait alterations on stresses in the medial tibial cartilage - combined musculoskeletal modelling and finite element analysis,\". Sci. Rep. 7(1):17396, 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-17228-x.","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2007.09.015","volume":"41","author":"TR Jenkyn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jenkyn, T. R., M. A. Hunt, I. C. Jones, J. R. Giffin, and T. B. Birmingham. Toe-out gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis partially transforms external knee adduction moment into flexion moment during early stance phase of gait: a tri-planar kinetic mechanism. J Biomech. 41(2):276\u2013283, 2008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2007.09.015.","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"10","key":"4089_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.062927","volume":"66","author":"A Chang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chang, A., et al. The relationship between toe-out angle during gait and progression of medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 66(10):1271\u20131275, 2007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.2006.062927.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4089_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2023.08.001","volume":"33","author":"T Hashizume","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hashizume, T., et al. Toe-out gait inhibits medial meniscus extrusion associated with the second peak of knee adduction moment during gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Asia Pac J Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Technol. 33:13\u201319, 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asmart.2023.08.001.","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4089_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.2.188","volume":"286","author":"L Sharma","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sharma, L., J. Song, D. T. Felson, S. Cahue, E. Shamiyeh, and D. D. Dunlop. The role of knee alignment in disease progression and functional decline in knee osteoarthritis. JAMA. 286(2):188\u2013195, 2001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.286.2.188.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"4089_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1023\/B:ABME.0000017541.82498.37","volume":"32","author":"TP Andriacchi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Andriacchi, T. P., A. M\u00fcndermann, R. L. Smith, E. J. Alexander, C. O. Dyrby, and S. Koo. A Framework for the in Vivo Pathomechanics of Osteoarthritis at the Knee. Ann Biomed. Eng. 32(3):447\u2013457, 2004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/B:ABME.0000017541.82498.37.","journal-title":"Ann Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"4089_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Z. Khalid, M. A. Rai, B. Mobeen, and I. Amjad, (2015) Pes Planus Genu Valgum Factors Associated.  Prof. Med.J. vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 1237-1244, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17957\/TPMJ\/15.3008.","DOI":"10.17957\/TPMJ\/15.3008"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-018-0434-3","volume":"15","author":"A Trepczynski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Trepczynski, A., I. Kutzner, V. Schwachmeyer, M. O. Heller, T. Pfitzner, and G. N. Duda. Impact of antagonistic muscle co-contraction on in vivo knee contact forces. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 15(1):101, 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12984-018-0434-3.","journal-title":"J Neuroeng Rehabil"},{"key":"4089_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2021.05.019","volume":"88","author":"S Smith","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smith, S., et al. Sex influences the relationship between hamstrings-to-quadriceps strength imbalance and co-activation during walking gait. Gait Posture. 88:138\u2013145, 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2021.05.019.","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"4089_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.04.019","volume":"79","author":"SL Smith","year":"2020","unstructured":"Smith, S. L., J. Woodburn, and M. P. M. Steultjens. Sex- and osteoarthritis-related differences in muscle co-activation during weight-bearing tasks. Gait Posture. 79:117\u2013125, 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.04.019.","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"4089_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2023.111891","volume":"162","author":"R Konishi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Konishi, R., J. Ozawa, M. Kuniki, D. Yamagiwa, and N. Kito. Sex differences in pelvis, thigh, and shank coordination during walking. J Biomech.162:111891, 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2023.111891.","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"1","key":"4089_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-1013-z","volume":"17","author":"A Phinyomark","year":"2016","unstructured":"Phinyomark, A., S. T. Osis, B. A. Hettinga, D. Kobsar, and R. Ferber. Gender differences in gait kinematics for patients with knee osteoarthritis,\". BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 17(1):157, 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-016-1013-z.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"4089_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.05.017","volume":"79","author":"P Obr\u0119bska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Obr\u0119bska, P., J. Skubich, and S. Piszczatowski. Gender differences in the knee joint loadings during gait. Gait & Posture. 79:195\u2013202, 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.05.017.","journal-title":"Gait & Posture"}],"container-title":["Annals of Biomedical Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10439-026-04089-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10439-026-04089-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10439-026-04089-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T18:25:35Z","timestamp":1791483935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10439-026-04089-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["4089"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10439-026-04089-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-6964","1573-9686"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-6964","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-9686","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Approval was obtained from the ethics committee of Ningbo University (Approval No. TY2025046). The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}