{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:15:33Z","timestamp":1792782933039,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 12588201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 12588201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["No. XDB0620102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. XDB0620102"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Biomed Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-026-04157-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T17:27:30Z","timestamp":1777483650000},"page":"3743-3754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hemodynamic Evaluation for Mitral Valve Replacement"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Xinyi","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyi","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingchao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0397-413X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizhao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9540","key":"4157_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69208-8","volume":"368","author":"VT Nkomo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nkomo, V. T., J. M. Gardin, T. N. Skelton, J. S. Gottdiener, C. G. Scott, and M. Enriquez-Sarano. Burden of valvular heart diseases: a population-based study. Lancet. 368(9540):1005\u20131011, 2006.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"4157_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjtc.2024.01.004","volume":"24","author":"AM Wisniewski","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wisniewski, A. M., G. N. Sutherland, R. J. Strobel, A. Young, A. V. Norman, M. Quader, K. W. Yount, and N. R. Teman. Mitral valve repair in a regional quality collaborative: respect or resect? JTCVS Tech. 24:66\u201375, 2024.","journal-title":"JTCVS Tech."},{"issue":"12","key":"4157_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0395-7","volume":"17","author":"B Del Forno","year":"2020","unstructured":"Del Forno, B., M. De Bonis, E. Agricola, F. Melillo, D. Schiavi, A. Castiglioni, M. Montorfano, and O. Alfieri. Mitral valve regurgitation: a disease with a wide spectrum of therapeutic options. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 17(12):807\u2013827, 2020.","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"4157_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"091909","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0166451","volume":"35","author":"Y Qiang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qiang, Y., T. Duan, M. Zhang, L. Qi, L. Wei, and W. Zhong. Impact of bileaflet mechanical heart valve leaflet dysfunction on left ventricular blood flow: an experimental study. Phys. Fluids. 35(9):091909, 2023.","journal-title":"Phys. Fluids."},{"issue":"6","key":"4157_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24926","volume":"42","author":"N Al-Wakeel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Al-Wakeel, N., J. F. Fernandes, A. Amiri, H. Siniawski, L. Goubergrits, F. Berger, and T. Kuehne. Hemodynamic and energetic aspects of the left ventricle in patients with mitral regurgitation before and after mitral valve surgery. J. Magn Reson. Imaging. 42(6):1705\u20131712, 2015.","journal-title":"J. Magn Reson. Imaging."},{"issue":"1","key":"4157_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"qyaf022","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjimp\/qyaf022","volume":"3","author":"L Serio","year":"2025","unstructured":"Serio, L., R. Beccari, S. Nistri, A. Cecchetto, G. Pedrizzetti, and D. Mele. Intracardiac flow dynamics in mitral regurgitation: state of the art. Eur. Heart J. Imaging Methods Pract. 3(1):qyaf022, 2025.","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Imaging Methods Pract."},{"issue":"9","key":"4157_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/s00348-017-2409-8","volume":"58","author":"J Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang, J., Q. Gao, R. Wei, and J. Wang. Experimental study on the effect of an artificial cardiac valve on the left ventricular flow. Exp. Fluids. 58(9):126, 2017.","journal-title":"Exp. Fluids."},{"issue":"3","key":"4157_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2020.09.141","volume":"164","author":"D Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu, D., E. McBride, K. Kalra, K. Wong, R. A. Guyton, E. L. Sarin, and M. Padala. Undersizing mitral annuloplasty alters left ventricular mechanics in a swine model of ischemic mitral regurgitation. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 164(3):850\u2013861, 2022.","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"key":"4157_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2024.112047","volume":"166","author":"H Zuo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zuo, H., W. Feng, X. Tang, Z. Li, and Y. Fan. The study of loading mode with in-vitro fatigue testing for mitral annuloplasty ring. J. Biomech. 166:112047, 2024.","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"issue":"1","key":"4157_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-fluid-010814-014728","volume":"47","author":"J Bermejo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bermejo, J., P. Mart\u00ednez-Legazpi, and J. C. Del \u00c1lamo. The clinical assessment of intraventricular flows. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 47(1):315\u2013342, 2015.","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech."},{"issue":"6779","key":"4157_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1038\/35008075","volume":"404","author":"PJ Kilner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kilner, P. J., G. Z. Yang, A. J. Wilkes, R. H. Mohiaddin, D. N. Firmin, and M. H. Yacoub. Asymmetric redirection of flow through the heart. Nature. 404(6779):759\u2013761, 2000.","journal-title":"Nature."},{"issue":"3","key":"4157_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"035007","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6579\/ab7d77","volume":"41","author":"P Dewhurst","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dewhurst, P., L. Coats, J. D. Parikh, K. G. Hollingsworth, and L. Gan. The role of flow rotation in the adult right atrium: a 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance study. Physiol. Meas. 41(3):035007, 2020.","journal-title":"Physiol. Meas."},{"issue":"6","key":"4157_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-023-00684-0","volume":"14","author":"X Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu, X., H. Saaid, J. Voorneveld, C. Schinkel, J. Westenberg, F. Gijsen, P. Segers, P. Verdonck, N. de Jong, J. G. Bosch, S. Kenjeres, and T. Claessens. 4D flow patterns and relative pressure distribution in a left ventricle model by shake-the-box and proper orthogonal decomposition analysis. Cardiovasc. Eng. Technol. 14(6):743\u2013754, 2023.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"4157_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.04.024","volume":"90","author":"H Saaid","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saaid, H., J. Voorneveld, C. Schinkel, J. Westenberg, F. Gijsen, P. Segers, P. Verdonck, N. de Jong, J. G. Bosch, S. Kenjeres, and T. Claessens. Tomographic PIV in a model of the left ventricle: 3D flow past biological and mechanical heart valves. J. Biomech. 90:40\u201349, 2019.","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"issue":"1","key":"4157_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-12-9","volume":"12","author":"J Eriksson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eriksson, J., C. J. Carlh\u00e4ll, P. Dyverfeldt, J. Engvall, A. F. Bolger, and T. Ebbers. Semi-automatic quantification of 4D left ventricular blood flow. J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson. 12(1):9, 2010.","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson."},{"key":"4157_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047244","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1047244","volume":"10","author":"NR Pugliese","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pugliese, N. R., A. Colli, G. Falcetta, L. Del Punta, C. Puccinelli, A. Fiocco, A. S. Petronio, S. Taddei, S. Masi, and L. Besola. Flow dynamic assessment of native mitral valve, mitral valve repair and mitral valve replacement using vector flow mapping intracardiac flow dynamic in mitral valve regurgitation. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 10:1047244, 2023.","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"4157_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-017-0967-6","volume":"32","author":"K Nakashima","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nakashima, K., K. Itatani, T. Kitamura, N. Oka, T. Horai, S. Miyazaki, M. Nie, and K. Miyaji. Energy dynamics of the intraventricular vortex after mitral valve surgery. Heart Vessels. 32(9):1123\u20131129, 2017.","journal-title":"Heart Vessels."},{"issue":"6","key":"4157_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivx033","volume":"24","author":"K Akiyama","year":"2017","unstructured":"Akiyama, K., N. Nakamura, K. Itatani, Y. Naito, M. Kinoshita, M. Shimizu, S. Hamaoka, H. Kato, H. Yasumoto, Y. Nakajima, T. Mizobe, S. Numata, H. Yaku, and T. Sawa. Flow-dynamics assessment of mitral-valve surgery by intraoperative vector flow mapping. Interact. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Surg. 24(6):869\u2013875, 2017.","journal-title":"Interact. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Surg."},{"key":"4157_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-010-9928-2","volume":"38","author":"G Pedrizzetti","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pedrizzetti, G., F. Domenichini, and G. Tonti. On the left ventricular vortex reversal after mitral valve replacement. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 38:769\u2013773, 2010.","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"4157_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-008-9588-7","volume":"37","author":"A Kheradvar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kheradvar, A., and M. Gharib. On mitral valve dynamics and its connection to early diastolic flow. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 37(1):1\u201313, 2009.","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"5","key":"4157_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1080\/10976640701544530","volume":"9","author":"AF Bolger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bolger, A. F., E. Heiberg, M. Karlsson, L. Wigstr\u00f6m, J. Engvall, A. Sigfridsson, T. Ebbers, J. P. Kvitting, C. J. Carlh\u00e4ll, and B. Wranne. Transit of blood flow through the human left ventricle mapped by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson. 9(5):741\u2013747, 2007.","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson."},{"issue":"12","key":"4157_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-013-0853-z","volume":"41","author":"S Hendabadi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hendabadi, S., J. Bermejo, Y. Benito, R. Yotti, F. Fern\u00e1ndez-Avil\u00e9s, J. C. del \u00c1lamo, and S. C. Shadden. Topology of blood transport in the human left ventricle by novel processing of Doppler echocardiography. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 41(12):2603\u20132616, 2013.","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"4157_CR23","unstructured":"Kushner, A., West, W. P., Khan Suheb, M. Z., Pillarisetty, L. S. Virchow Triad. StatPearls. 2024."},{"issue":"3","key":"4157_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2019.09.020","volume":"33","author":"A Delgado-Montero","year":"2020","unstructured":"Delgado-Montero, A., P. Martinez-Legazpi, M. M. Desco, D. Rodr\u00edguez-P\u00e9rez, F. D\u00edaz-Otero, L. Rossini, C. P\u00e9rez Del Villar, E. Rodr\u00edguez-Gonz\u00e1lez, C. Chazo, Y. Benito, O. Flores, J. C. Antoranz, F. Fern\u00e1ndez-Avil\u00e9s, J. C. Del \u00c1lamo, and J. Bermejo. Blood stasis imaging predicts cerebral microembolism during acute myocardial infarction. J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. 33(3):389\u2013398, 2020.","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr."},{"key":"4157_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60040-4","volume":"373","author":"T Watson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Watson, T., E. Shantsila, and G. Y. Lip. Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation: Virchow\u2019s triad revisited. Lancet. 373:155\u2013166, 2009.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"3","key":"4157_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.06.012","volume":"11","author":"P Martinez-Legazpi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Martinez-Legazpi, P., L. Rossini, C. P\u00e9rez Del Villar, Y. Benito, C. Devesa-Cordero, R. Yotti, A. Delgado-Montero, A. Gonzalez-Mansilla, A. M. Kahn, F. Fernandez-Avil\u00e9s, J. C. Del \u00c1lamo, and J. Bermejo. Stasis mapping using ultrasound: a prospective study in acute myocardial infarction. JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging. 11(3):514\u2013515, 2018.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging."},{"key":"4157_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113101","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevFluids.3.113101","volume":"3","author":"G Di Labbio","year":"2018","unstructured":"Di Labbio, G., J. Vetel, and L. Kadem. Material transport in the left ventricle with aortic valve regurgitation. Phys. Rev. Fluids. 3:113101, 2018.","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Fluids."},{"issue":"10","key":"4157_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108101","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.95.108101","volume":"95","author":"G Pedrizzetti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pedrizzetti, G., and F. Domenichini. Nature optimizes the swirling flow in the human left ventricle. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95(10):108101, 2005.","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"4157_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MAT.0000136512.36370.B5","volume":"50","author":"MV Kameneva","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kameneva, M. V., G. W. Burgreen, K. Kono, B. Repko, J. F. Antaki, and M. Umezu. Effects of turbulent stresses upon mechanical hemolysis: experimental and computational analysis. ASAIO J. 50:418\u2013423, 2004.","journal-title":"ASAIO J."},{"issue":"12","key":"4157_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs252","volume":"34","author":"M Orban","year":"2013","unstructured":"Orban, M., H. Lesevic, S. Massberg, and J. Hausleiter. Left ventricular thrombus formation after successful percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair. Eur. Heart J. 34(12):942, 2013.","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"4157_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2022.107508","volume":"63","author":"JD Westaby","year":"2023","unstructured":"Westaby, J. D., E. Zullo, L. M. Bicalho, R. H. Anderson, and M. N. Sheppard. Effect of sex, age and body measurements on heart weight, atrial, ventricular, valvular and sub-epicardial fat measurements of the normal heart. Cardiovasc. Pathol. 63:107508, 2023.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Pathol."},{"issue":"4","key":"4157_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-025-00781-2","volume":"16","author":"X He","year":"2025","unstructured":"He, X., S. Feng, F. Wu, H. Wang, S. Wang, and X. Pan. Effect of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair on left ventricular flow features. Cardiovasc. Eng. Technol. 16(4):386\u2013399, 2025.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"4157_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1007\/s00348-006-0212-z","volume":"41","author":"GE Elsinga","year":"2006","unstructured":"Elsinga, G. E., F. Scarano, B. Wieneke, and B. W. van Oudheusden. Tomographic particle image velocimetry. Exp. Fluids. 41:933\u2013947, 2006.","journal-title":"Exp. Fluids."},{"issue":"9","key":"4157_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s00348-025-04106-w","volume":"66","author":"Y Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang, Y., X. He, and H. Wang. Convolutional-SMART: a fast reconstruction technique for tomographic PIV. Exp. Fluids. 66(9):179, 2025.","journal-title":"Exp. Fluids."},{"issue":"9","key":"4157_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.1007\/s11431-012-4921-7","volume":"55","author":"Q Gao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gao, Q., H. Wang, and J. Wang. A single camera volumetric particle image velocimetry and its application. Sci China Technol Sci. 55(9):2501\u20132510, 2012.","journal-title":"Sci China Technol Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"4157_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s00348-016-2176-y","volume":"57","author":"H Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, H., Q. Gao, R. Wei, and J. Wang. Intensity-enhanced MART for tomographic PIV. Exp. Fluids. 57(5):87, 2016.","journal-title":"Exp. Fluids."},{"key":"4157_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1017\/jfm.2017.647","volume":"831","author":"H Zhu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhu, H., C. Wang, H. Wang, and J. Wang. Tomographic PIV investigation on 3D wake structures for flow over a wall-mounted short cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 831:743\u2013778, 2017.","journal-title":"J. Fluid Mech."},{"issue":"1","key":"4157_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s00348-021-03378-2","volume":"63","author":"H Tu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tu, H., F. Wang, H. Wang, Q. Gao, and R. Wei. Experimental study on wake flows of a live fish with time-resolved tomographic PIV and pressure reconstruction. Exp. Fluids. 63(1):25, 2022.","journal-title":"Exp. Fluids."},{"key":"4157_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A21","DOI":"10.1017\/jfm.2025.91","volume":"1008","author":"H Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, H., F. Wu, Y. Liu, X. He, S. Feng, and S. Wang. Machine-learning-based pressure reconstruction with moving boundaries. J. Fluid Mech. 1008:A21, 2025.","journal-title":"J. Fluid Mech."},{"key":"4157_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1017\/S002211209900467X","volume":"387","author":"J Zhou","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zhou, J., R. Adrian, S. Balachandar, and T. Kendall. Mechanisms for generating coherent packets of hairpin vortices in channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 387:353\u2013396, 1999.","journal-title":"J. Fluid Mech."},{"issue":"7","key":"4157_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-023-03147-8","volume":"51","author":"H Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, H., and L. P. Dasi. An in-vitro study of the flow past a transcatheter aortic valve using time-resolved 3D particle tracking. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 51(7):1449\u20131460, 2023.","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"6","key":"4157_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.09.010","volume":"11","author":"BSN Selvadurai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Selvadurai, B. S. N., V. O. Puntmann, D. A. Bluemke, V. A. Ferrari, M. G. Friedrich, C. M. Kramer, R. Y. Kwong, M. Lombardi, S. K. Prasad, F. E. Rademakers, A. A. Young, R. J. Kim, and E. Nagel. Definition of left ventricular segments for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging. 11(6):926\u2013928, 2018.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging."},{"issue":"6","key":"4157_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s00348-018-2544-x","volume":"59","author":"L Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang, L., L. Feng, J. Wang, and T. Li. Evolution of low-aspect-ratio rectangular synthetic jets in a quiescent environment. Exp. Fluids. 59(6):91, 2018.","journal-title":"Exp. Fluids."},{"key":"4157_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A42","DOI":"10.1017\/jfm.2020.616","volume":"903","author":"JC Straccia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Straccia, J. C., and J. A. N. Farnsworth. Vortex ring bifurcation and secondary structures in a finite-span synthetic jet. J. Fluid Mech. 903:A42, 2020.","journal-title":"J. Fluid Mech."},{"key":"4157_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expthermflusci.2019.02.004","volume":"104","author":"L Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, L., L. H. Feng, and Y. Xu. Laminar-to-transitional evolution of three-dimensional vortical structures in a low-aspect-ratio rectangular synthetic jet. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 104:129\u2013140, 2019.","journal-title":"Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"4157_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"051911","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0270405","volume":"37","author":"KM Bornemann","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bornemann, K. M., and D. Obrist. Leaflet fluttering changes laminar\u2013turbulent transition mechanisms past bioprosthetic aortic valves. Phys. Fluids. 37(5):051911, 2025.","journal-title":"Phys. Fluids."},{"key":"4157_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1017\/jfm.2014.393","volume":"754","author":"BM Yun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yun, B. M., L. P. Dasi, C. K. Aidun, and A. P. Yoganathan. Highly resolved pulsatile flows through prosthetic heart valves using the entropic lattice-Boltzmann method. J. Fluid Mech. 754:122\u2013160, 2014.","journal-title":"J. Fluid Mech."},{"key":"4157_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2008.05099.x","volume":"36","author":"LP Dasi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dasi, L. P., H. A. Simon, P. Sucosky, and A. P. Yoganathan. Fluid mechanics of artificial heart valves. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 36:225\u2013237, 2009.","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol."}],"container-title":["Annals of Biomedical Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10439-026-04157-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10439-026-04157-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10439-026-04157-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T13:53:50Z","timestamp":1792763630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10439-026-04157-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["4157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10439-026-04157-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-6964","1573-9686"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-6964","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-9686","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Fuwai Hospital (Approval No. 2023-1972).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}