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Dr. Kizer reports stock ownership in Abbott, Bristol Myers Squibb, Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic, Merck, and Pfizer. Dr. Lahiri receives grant funding from Merck and serves on the Advisory Board for Theratechnologies, Inc. Dr. Adimora has received fees for consulting from Merck and Gilead. Merck and Gilead have provided her institution with funding for her research. None of the other authors had any financial or other conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}},{"value":"The primary MACS study was approved by the institutional review boards (IRB) of each study center (John Hopkins, Northwestern University, University of California Los Angeles, and University of Pittsburgh). Written informed consent was provided by participants. The University of Florida IRB approved the described secondary analyses of MACS data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and Informed Consent"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}