{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T02:44:33Z","timestamp":1782182673024,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HD092185"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD092185"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32MH020031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32MH020031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AIDS Behav"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-024-04601-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T07:29:32Z","timestamp":1735802972000},"page":"1266-1280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Activity Space Mapping and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Sexual Minority Men in Small Cities and Towns in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7115-2093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryce Puesta","family":"Takenaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Barbour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally J.","family":"Kirklewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecil","family":"Tengatenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan B.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trace","family":"Kershaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"4601_CR1","unstructured":"CDC C. 2021 HIV Incidence | NCHHSTP Newsroom | CDC [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 Jun 1]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchhstp\/newsroom\/2023\/2021-hiv-incidence.html"},{"key":"4601_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7048e1","volume":"70","author":"MA Pitasi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pitasi MA, Beer L, Cha S, Lyons SJ, Hernandez AL, Prejean J, et al. Vital signs: HIV infection, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men\u2014United States, 2010\u20132019. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70:1669\u201375.","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"4601_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1011205","volume":"363","author":"RM Grant","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grant RM, Lama JR, Anderson PL, McMahan V, Liu AY, Vargas L, et al. Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:2587\u201399.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4601_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6827a1","volume":"68","author":"T Finlayson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Finlayson T, Cha S, Xia M, Trujillo L, Denson D, Prejean J, et al. Changes in HIV preexposure prophylaxis awareness and use among men who have sex with men\u201420 urban areas, 2014 and 2017. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68:597\u2013603.","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"4601_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2018.06.009","volume":"28","author":"PS Sullivan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sullivan PS, Giler RM, Mouhanna F, Pembleton E, Guest J, Jones J, et al. Trends in use of oral emtricitabine\/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for pre-exposure prophylaxis against HIV infections, United States, 2012\u20132017. Ann Epidemiol. 2018;28:833\u201340.","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"4601_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2017.1300633","volume":"29","author":"S Cahill","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cahill S, Taylor SW, Elsesser SA, Mena L, Hickson D, Mayer KH. Stigma, medical mistrust, and perceived racism may affect PrEP awareness and uptake in black compared to white gay and bisexual men in Jackson, Mississippi and Boston, Massachusetts. AIDS Care. 2017;29:1351\u20138.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"4601_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3645","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2125-2","volume":"22","author":"E Morgan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Morgan E, Ryan DT, Newcomb ME, Mustanski B. High rate of discontinuation may diminish PrEP coverage among young men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2018;22:3645\u20138.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415570159","volume":"26","author":"RA Brooks","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brooks RA, Landovitz RJ, Regan R, Lee S-J, Allen VC. Perceptions of and intentions to adopt HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among black men who have sex with men in Los Angeles. Int J STD AIDS. 2015;26:1040\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"4601_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2012.0419","volume":"27","author":"SA Golub","year":"2013","unstructured":"Golub SA, Gamarel KE, Rendina HJ, Surace A, Lelutiu-Weinberger CL. From efficacy to effectiveness: facilitators and barriers to PrEP acceptability and motivations for adherence among MSM and transgender women in New York City. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2013;27:248\u201354.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDs"},{"key":"4601_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3705","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2218-y","volume":"22","author":"PN Halkitis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Halkitis PN, Jaiswal J, Griffin-Tomas M, Krause KD, D\u2019Avanzo P, Kapadia F. Beliefs about the end of AIDS, concerns about PrEP functionality, and perceptions of HIV risk as drivers of PrEP use in urban sexual minority men: the P18 cohort study. AIDS Behav. 2018;22:3705\u201317.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302816","volume":"105","author":"SK Calabrese","year":"2015","unstructured":"Calabrese SK, Underhill K. How stigma surrounding the use of HIV preexposure prophylaxis undermines prevention and pleasure: a call to destigmatize \u201ctruvada whores.\u201d Am J Public Health. 2015;105:1960\u20134.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"4601_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.2174\/1570162X16666180730144455","volume":"16","author":"J Jaiswal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jaiswal J, Griffin M, Singer SN, Greene RE, Acosta ILZ, Kaudeyr SK, et al. Structural barriers to pre-exposure prophylaxis use among young sexual minority men: the P18 cohort study. Curr HIV Res. 2018;16:237\u201349.","journal-title":"Curr HIV Res"},{"key":"4601_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/12405","volume":"5","author":"BO Ojikutu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ojikutu BO, Bogart LM, Mayer KH, Stopka TJ, Sullivan PS, Ransome Y. Spatial access and willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis among Black\/African American individuals in the United States: cross-sectional survey. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2019;5: e12405.","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill"},{"key":"4601_CR14","first-page":"221","volume":"138","author":"PH Collins","year":"1990","unstructured":"Collins PH. Black feminist thought in the matrix of domination. Black Fem Thought Knowl Conscious Polit Empower. 1990;138:221\u201338.","journal-title":"Black Fem Thought Knowl Conscious Polit Empower"},{"key":"4601_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400826384","volume-title":"Workable sisterhood: the political journey of stigmatized women with HIV\/AIDS","author":"MT Berger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berger MT. Workable sisterhood: the political journey of stigmatized women with HIV\/AIDS. Princeton: Princeton University Press; 2010."},{"key":"4601_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S371","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306676","volume":"112","author":"T Taggart","year":"2022","unstructured":"Taggart T, Jonathon Rendina H, Boone CA, Burns P, Carter J, English D, et al. Stigmatizing spaces and places as axes of intersectional stigma among sexual minority men in HIV prevention research. Am J Public Health. 2022;112:S371\u20133.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"4601_CR17","first-page":"161","volume":"8","author":"F Valdes","year":"1996","unstructured":"Valdes F. Unpacking hetero-patriarchy: tracing the conflation of sex, gender & (and) sexual orientation to its origins. Yale JL Hum. 1996;8:161.","journal-title":"Yale JL Hum"},{"key":"4601_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1215\/10407391-6-2-3-1","volume":"6","author":"J Butler","year":"1994","unstructured":"Butler J. Against proper objects. Differences. 1994;6:1\u201326.","journal-title":"Differences"},{"key":"4601_CR19","unstructured":"Combahee River Collective. A black feminist statement. na; 1977"},{"key":"4601_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1068\/d130159","volume":"13","author":"M Brown","year":"1995","unstructured":"Brown M. Ironies of distance: an ongoing critique of the geographies of AIDS. Environ Plan Soc Space. 1995;13:159\u201383.","journal-title":"Environ Plan Soc Space"},{"key":"4601_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8306.1989.tb00247.x","volume":"79","author":"GW Shannon","year":"1989","unstructured":"Shannon GW, Pyle GF. The origin and diffusion of AIDS: a view from medical geography. Ann Assoc Am Geogr. 1989;79:1\u201324.","journal-title":"Ann Assoc Am Geogr"},{"key":"4601_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/030913259602000109","volume":"20","author":"RA Kearns","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kearns RA. AIDS and medical geography: embracing the other? Prog Hum Geogr. 1996;20:123\u201331.","journal-title":"Prog Hum Geogr"},{"key":"4601_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-021-03249-1","volume":"25","author":"B Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim B, Chaix B, Chen Y-T, Callander D, Regan SD, Duncan DT. Geographic density and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among young gay, bisexual and other sexual minority men: a global positioning system (GPS) study. AIDS Behav. 2021;25:155\u201364.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-022-01412-x","volume":"25","author":"C-H Shrader","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shrader C-H, Stoler J, Arroyo-Flores J, Doblecki-Lewis S, Carrico A, Safren S, et al. Geographic disparities in availability of Spanish-language PrEP services among latino sexual minority men in South Florida. J Immigr Minor Health. 2023;25:374\u201381.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"key":"4601_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2018.05.006","volume":"28","author":"AJ Siegler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Siegler AJ, Bratcher A, Weiss KM, Mouhanna F, Ahlschlager L, Sullivan PS. Location location location: an exploration of disparities in access to publicly listed PrEP clinics in the United States. Ann Epidemiol. 2018;28:858\u201364.","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"4601_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305172","volume":"109","author":"AJ Siegler","year":"2019","unstructured":"Siegler AJ, Bratcher A, Weiss KM. Geographic access to preexposure prophylaxis clinics among men who have sex with men in the United States. Am J Public Health. 2019;109:1216\u201323.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"4601_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2016.1271862","volume":"54","author":"JA Bauermeister","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bauermeister JA, Connochie D, Eaton L, Demers M, Stephenson R. Geospatial indicators of space and place: A review of multilevel studies of HIV prevention and care outcomes among young men who have sex with men in the United States. J Sex Res. 2017;54:446\u201364.","journal-title":"J Sex Res"},{"key":"4601_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-021-03448-w","volume":"26","author":"BM Brawner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brawner BM, Kerr J, Castle BF, Bannon JA, Bonett S, Stevens R, et al. A systematic review of neighborhood-level influences on HIV vulnerability. AIDS Behav. 2022;26:874\u2013934.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764213487345","volume":"57","author":"SA Matthews","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matthews SA, Yang T-C. Spatial polygamy and contextual exposures (SPACEs): promoting activity space approaches in research on place and health. Am Behav Sci. 2013;57:1057\u201381.","journal-title":"Am Behav Sci"},{"issue":"258","key":"4601_CR30","volume":"2020","author":"B Kim","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kim B, Regan SD, Callander D, Goedel WC, Chaix B, Duncan DT. Associations of spatial mobility with sexual risk behaviors among young men who have sex with men in New York City: A global positioning system (GPS) study. Soc Sci Med. 1982;2020(258): 113060.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"175","key":"4601_CR31","first-page":"1","volume":"2017","author":"AS Vaughan","year":"1982","unstructured":"Vaughan AS, Kramer MR, Cooper HLF, Rosenberg ES, Sullivan PS. Activity spaces of men who have sex with men: An initial exploration of geographic variation in locations of routine, potential sexual risk, and prevention behaviors. Soc Sci Med. 1982;2017(175):1\u201310.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"4601_CR32","unstructured":"L\u00f6sch A. Die r\u00e4umliche Ordnung der Wirtschaft [Internet]. 2., neu durchgearbeitete Aufl. Gustav Fischer; 1944 [cited 2024 Oct 13]. Available from: https:\/\/cir.nii.ac.jp\/crid\/1130282270414177024"},{"key":"4601_CR33","first-page":"96S","volume":"24","author":"W Christaller","year":"1950","unstructured":"Christaller W. Das Grundgerust der raumlichen Ordnung in Europa\u202f: Die Systeme der europaischen zentralen Orte. Frankf Geogr Hefte. 1950;24:96S.","journal-title":"Frankf Geogr Hefte"},{"key":"4601_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wong DW. The modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP). WorldMinds Geogr Perspect 100 Probl Commem 100th Anniv Assoc Am Geogr 1904\u20132004. Cham: Springer; 2004. p. 571\u20135.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-2352-1_93"},{"key":"4601_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1021\/es102947t","volume":"45","author":"J Thompson Coon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thompson Coon J, Boddy K, Stein K, Whear R, Barton J, Depledge MH. Does participating in physical activity in outdoor natural environments have a greater effect on physical and mental wellbeing than physical activity indoors? A systematic review. Environ Sci Technol. 2011;45:1761\u201372.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"4601_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1249\/JES.0000000000000092","volume":"45","author":"GF Dunton","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dunton GF. Ecological momentary assessment in physical activity research. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2017;45:48\u201354.","journal-title":"Exerc Sport Sci Rev"},{"key":"4601_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2018.02.004","volume":"51","author":"SN Zenk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zenk SN, Matthews SA, Kraft AN, Jones KK. How many days of global positioning system (GPS) monitoring do you need to measure activity space environments in health research? Health Place. 2018;51:52\u201360.","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"4601_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jea.7500388","volume":"15","author":"M Jerrett","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jerrett M, Arain A, Kanaroglou P, Beckerman B, Potoglou D, Sahsuvaroglu T, et al. A review and evaluation of intraurban air pollution exposure models. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2005;15:185\u2013204.","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"4601_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2013.01.003","volume":"21","author":"B Chaix","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chaix B, M\u00e9line J, Duncan S, Merrien C, Karusisi N, Perchoux C, et al. GPS tracking in neighborhood and health studies: a step forward for environmental exposure assessment, a step backward for causal inference? Health Place. 2013;21:46\u201351.","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"4601_CR40","unstructured":"Luan H, Li G, Duncan DT, Sullivan PS, Ransome Y. Spatial accessibility of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): different measure choices and the implications for detecting shortage areas and examining its association with social determinants of health. Ann Epidemiol [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 Sep 10]; Available from: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1047279723001412"},{"key":"4601_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2016.1226386","volume":"19","author":"DE Keene","year":"2017","unstructured":"Keene DE, Eldahan AI, White Hughto JM, Pachankis JE. \u2018The big ole gay express\u2019: sexual minority stigma, mobility and health in the small city. Cult Health Sex. 2017;19:381\u201394.","journal-title":"Cult Health Sex"},{"key":"4601_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shrestha R, Copenhaver M. Exploring the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among high-risk people who use drugs in treatment. Front Public Health [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2024 Oct 13];6. Available from: https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/public-health\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00195\/full","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00195"},{"key":"4601_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2021.0074","volume":"35","author":"J Tao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tao J, Montgomery M, Williams R, Patil P, Rogers B, Sosnowy C, et al. Loss to follow-up and re-engagement in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis care in the United States, 2013\u20132019. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2021;35:271\u20137.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"key":"4601_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3016","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-022-03633-5","volume":"26","author":"A Viera","year":"2022","unstructured":"Viera A, van den Berg JJ, Sosnowy CD, Mehta NA, Edelman EJ, Kershaw T, et al. Barriers and facilitators to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake among men who have sex with men who use stimulants: a qualitative study. AIDS Behav. 2022;26:3016\u201328.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ664","volume":"61","author":"CF Kelley","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kelley CF, Kahle E, Siegler A, Sanchez T, del Rio C, Sullivan PS, et al. Applying a PrEP continuum of care for men who have sex with men in Atlanta, Georgia. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am. 2015;61:1590\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am"},{"key":"4601_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jana.2015.11.005","volume":"27","author":"WC Goedel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goedel WC, Halkitis PN, Greene RE, Hickson DA, Duncan DT. HIV risk behaviors, perceptions, and testing and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness\/use in grindr-using men who have sex with men in Atlanta, Georgia. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2016;27:133\u201342.","journal-title":"J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care"},{"key":"4601_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2018.0135","volume":"33","author":"A Lockard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lockard A, Rosenberg ES, Sullivan PS, Kelley CF, Serota DP, Rolle C-PM, et al. Contrasting self-perceived need and guideline-based indication for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among young, black men who have sex with men offered pre-exposure prophylaxis in Atlanta, Georgia. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2019;33:112\u20139.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDs"},{"key":"4601_CR48","unstructured":"ESRI. ArcGIS Survey123 [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Oct 14]. Available from: https:\/\/survey123.arcgis.com"},{"key":"4601_CR49","unstructured":"National Prevention Information Network C for DC and P. PrEP Provider Directory and Locator | NPIN [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2023 May 26]. Available from: https:\/\/npin.cdc.gov\/preplocator"},{"key":"4601_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/publichealth.7902","volume":"3","author":"AJ Siegler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Siegler AJ, Wirtz S, Weber S, Sullivan PS. Developing a web-based geolocated directory of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis-providing clinics: the PrEP locator protocol and operating procedures. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2017;3: e58.","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill"},{"key":"4601_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1802313","volume":"378","author":"JH Kind Amy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kind Amy JH, Buckingham WR. Making neighborhood-disadvantage metrics accessible\u2014the neighborhood Atlas. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:2456\u20138.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4601_CR52","unstructured":"University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health. Area Deprivation Index [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/www.neighborhoodatlas.medicine.wisc.edu\/"},{"key":"4601_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang K, Zeger S. Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models Biometrika 73: 13\u201322. Find This Artic Online. 1986","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/73.1.13"},{"key":"4601_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1988.10478722","volume":"83","author":"RJ Little","year":"1988","unstructured":"Little RJ. A test of missing completely at random for multivariate data with missing values. J Am Stat Assoc. 1988;83:1198\u2013202.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"4601_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.6.4.317","volume":"6","author":"S Sinharay","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sinharay S, Stern HS, Russell D. The use of multiple imputation for the analysis of missing data. Psychol Methods. 2001;6:317.","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"4601_CR56","unstructured":"International Business Machines (IBM). IBM SPSS Statistics Windows, Version 29.0.2.0 [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Apr 14]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/spss"},{"key":"4601_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x","volume":"24","author":"A Getis","year":"1992","unstructured":"Getis A, Ord JK. The analysis of spatial association by use of distance statistics. Geogr Anal. 1992;24:189\u2013206.","journal-title":"Geogr Anal"},{"key":"4601_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-014-0955-0","volume":"19","author":"B Mustanski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mustanski B, Birkett M, Kuhns LM, Latkin CA, Muth SQ. The role of geographic and network factors in racial disparities in HIV among young men who have sex with men: an egocentric network study. AIDS Behav. 2015;19:1037\u201347.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2021.1906397","volume":"59","author":"T Arnold","year":"2022","unstructured":"Arnold T, Stopka TJ, Gomillia CES, Murphy M, Johnson K, Chan PA, et al. Locating the risk: using participatory mapping to contextualize perceived HIV risk across geography and social networks among men who have sex with men in the deep south. J Sex Res. 2022;59:931\u20138.","journal-title":"J Sex Res"},{"key":"4601_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000218862.34644.0e","volume":"33","author":"EG Benotsch","year":"2006","unstructured":"Benotsch EG, Seeley S, Mikytuck JJ, Pinkerton SD, Nettles CD, Ragsdale K. Substance use, medications for sexual facilitation, and sexual risk behavior among traveling men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Dis. 2006;33:706\u201311.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"291","key":"4601_CR61","volume":"2021","author":"MA Kolak","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kolak MA, Chen Y-T, Lin Q, Schneider J. Social-spatial network structures and community ties of egocentric sex and confidant networks: a Chicago case study. Soc Sci Med. 1982;2021(291): 114462.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"4601_CR62","volume-title":"Mobilities, networks, geographies","author":"J Larsen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Larsen J, Urry J. Mobilities, networks, geographies. Routledge; 2016."},{"key":"4601_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258530","volume":"17","author":"EA Asiago-Reddy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Asiago-Reddy EA, McPeak J, Scarpa R, Braksmajer A, Ruszkowski N, McMahon J, et al. Perceived access to PrEP as a critical step in engagement: a qualitative analysis and discrete choice experiment among young men who have sex with men. PLoS ONE. 2022;17: e0258530.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4601_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.21037\/mhealth.2019.12.06","volume":"6","author":"KYK Wong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wong KYK, Stafylis C, Klausner JD. Telemedicine: a solution to disparities in human immunodeficiency virus prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake, and a framework to scalability and equity. mHealth. 2020;6:21.","journal-title":"mHealth"},{"key":"4601_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3878","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-022-03715-4","volume":"26","author":"KN Evans","year":"2022","unstructured":"Evans KN, Hassan R, Townes A, Buchacz K, Smith DK. The potential of telecommunication technology to address racial\/ethnic disparities in HIV PrEP awareness, uptake, adherence, and persistence in care: a review. AIDS Behav. 2022;26:3878\u201388.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3678","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-023-04084-2","volume":"27","author":"K Greenwell","year":"2023","unstructured":"Greenwell K, Fugit R, Nicholson L, Wright J. A Retrospective comparison of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) outcomes between a pharmacist-led telehealth clinic and in-person clinic in a veteran population. AIDS Behav. 2023;27:3678\u201386.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001873","volume":"80","author":"ON Refugio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Refugio ON, Kimble MM, Silva CL, Lykens JE, Bannister C, Klausner JD. Brief report: PrEPTECH: a telehealth-based initiation program for hiv pre-exposure prophylaxis in young men of color who have sex with men. A pilot study of feasibility. JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2019;80:40.","journal-title":"JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"4601_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hughes S, Koester K, Engesaeth E, Hawkins M, Grant R. Human enough: a qualitative study of client experience with internet-based access to pre-exposure prophylaxis. J Med Internet Res. 2021;23.","DOI":"10.2196\/22650"},{"key":"4601_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189794","volume":"12","author":"SA John","year":"2017","unstructured":"John SA, Rendina HJ, Grov C, Parsons JT. Home-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) services for gay and bisexual men: an opportunity to address barriers to PrEP uptake and persistence. PLoS ONE. 2017;12: e0189794.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4601_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-024-00697-x","volume":"21","author":"SE Rutstein","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rutstein SE, Muessig KE. Leveling Up PrEP: implementation strategies at system and structural levels to expand PrEP use in the United States. Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep. 2024;21:52\u201361.","journal-title":"Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep"},{"key":"4601_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1007\/s13178-021-00625-3","volume":"20","author":"T McKay","year":"2023","unstructured":"McKay T, Henne J, Gonzales G, Gavulic KA, Quarles R, Gallegos SG. Sexual behavior change among gay and bisexual men during the first COVID-19 pandemic wave in the United States. Sex Res Soc Policy. 2023;20:438\u201352.","journal-title":"Sex Res Soc Policy"},{"key":"4601_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-022-02298-4","volume":"51","author":"M Griffin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Griffin M, Jaiswal J, Martino RJ, LoSchiavo C, Comer-Carruthers C, Krause KD, et al. Sex in the time of COVID-19: patterns of sexual behavior among LGBTQ+ individuals in the U.S. Arch Sex Behav. 2022;51:287\u2013301.","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001444","volume":"48","author":"MC Craig-Kuhn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Craig-Kuhn MC, Schmidt N, Scott G, Gomes G, TatahMentan M, Enaholo O, et al. Changes in sexual behavior related to the COVID-19 stay-at-home orders among young Black men who have sex with women in New Orleans, LA. Sex Transm Dis. 2021;48:589\u201394.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"4601_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1037\/sah0000055","volume":"2","author":"DE Rosenkrantz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rosenkrantz DE, Black WW, Abreu RL, Aleshire ME, Fallin-Bennett K. Health and health care of rural sexual and gender minorities: a systematic review. Stigma Health. 2017;2:229\u201343.","journal-title":"Stigma Health"},{"key":"4601_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1080\/00918369.2013.806166","volume":"60","author":"C Wienke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wienke C, Hill GJ. Does place of residence matter? Rural\u2013urban differences and the wellbeing of gay men and lesbians. J Homosex. 2013;60:1256\u201379.","journal-title":"J Homosex"},{"key":"4601_CR76","unstructured":"Human Rights Campaign. State Scorecards [Internet]. HRC. 2023 [cited 2024 Oct 14]. Available from: https:\/\/www.hrc.org\/resources\/state-scorecards"},{"key":"4601_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2054","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-03135-2","volume":"25","author":"AL Rosengren","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rosengren AL, Lelutiu-Weinberger C, Woodhouse EW, Sandanapitchai P, Hightow-Weidman LB. A scoping review of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis stigma and implications for stigma-reduction interventions for men and transwomen who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2021;25:2054\u201370.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988318797437","volume":"12","author":"A Dubov","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dubov A, Galbo P, Altice FL, Fraenkel L. Stigma and shame experiences by MSM who take PrEP for HIV prevention: a qualitative study. Am J Mens Health. 2018;12:1843\u201354.","journal-title":"Am J Mens Health"},{"key":"4601_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3044","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2159-5","volume":"22","author":"B Mustanski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mustanski B, Ryan DT, Hayford C, Phillips G, Newcomb ME, Smith JD. Geographic and individual associations with PrEP stigma: Results from the RADAR cohort of diverse young men who have sex with men and transgender women. AIDS Behav. 2018;22:3044\u201356.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-012-0189-y","volume":"17","author":"WL Jeffries","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jeffries WL, Marks G, Lauby J, Murrill CS, Millett GA. Homophobia is associated with sexual behavior that increases risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV infection among black men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2013;17:1442\u201353.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"4601_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2020.32.1.51","volume":"32","author":"C Owens","year":"2020","unstructured":"Owens C, Hubach RD, Williams D, Lester J, Reece M, Dodge B. Exploring the pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) health care experiences among men who have sex with men (MSM) who live in rural areas of the midwest. AIDS Educ Prev. 2020;32:51\u201366.","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"key":"4601_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2012.24.5.408","volume":"24","author":"DK Smith","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smith DK, Toledo L, Smith DJ, Adams MA, Rothenberg R. Attitudes and program preferences of African-American urban young adults about pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). AIDS Educ Prev. 2012;24:408\u201321.","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"key":"4601_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2007.05.036","volume":"65","author":"S Cummins","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cummins S, Curtis S, Diez-Roux AV, Macintyre S. Understanding and representing \u2018place\u2019 in health research: a relational approach. Soc Sci Med. 2007;65:1825\u201338.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"4601_CR84","first-page":"289","volume":"96","author":"R Petteway","year":"2019","unstructured":"Petteway R, Mujahid M, Allen A. Understanding embodiment in place-health research: approaches, limitations, and opportunities. J Urban Health Bull N Y Acad Med. 2019;96:289\u201399.","journal-title":"J Urban Health Bull N Y Acad Med"},{"key":"4601_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-014-0283-z","volume":"51","author":"M Jones","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jones M, Pebley AR. Redefining neighborhoods using common destinations: social characteristics of activity spaces and home census tracts compared. Demography. 2014;51:727\u201352.","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"4601_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2013.01.005","volume":"21","author":"C Perchoux","year":"2013","unstructured":"Perchoux C, Chaix B, Cummins S, Kestens Y. Conceptualization and measurement of environmental exposure in epidemiology: accounting for activity space related to daily mobility. Health Place. 2013;21:86\u201393.","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"4601_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2011.05.011","volume":"17","author":"MP Cutchin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cutchin MP, Eschbach K, Mair CA, Ju H, Goodwin JS. The socio-spatial neighborhood estimation method: an approach to operationalizing the neighborhood concept. Health Place. 2011;17:1113\u201321.","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"4601_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00214-3","volume":"55","author":"S Macintyre","year":"2002","unstructured":"Macintyre S, Ellaway A, Cummins S. Place effects on health: how can we conceptualise, operationalise and measure them? Soc Sci Med. 2002;55:125\u201339.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"4601_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.10.035","volume":"70","author":"D Rainham","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rainham D, McDowell I, Krewski D, Sawada M. Conceptualizing the healthscape: contributions of time geography, location technologies and spatial ecology to place and health research. Soc Sci Med. 2010;70:668\u201376.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"4601_CR90","first-page":"226","volume":"27","author":"NJ Fox","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fox NJ, Powell K. Place, health and dis\/advantage: a sociomaterial analysis. Health (N Y). 2023;27:226\u201343.","journal-title":"Health (N Y)"},{"key":"4601_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2020.07.001","volume":"49","author":"F Mouhanna","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mouhanna F, Castel AD, Sullivan PS, Kuo I, Hoffman HJ, Siegler AJ, et al. Small-area spatial-temporal changes in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use in the general population and among men who have sex with men in the United States between 2012 and 2018. Ann Epidemiol. 2020;49:1\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"4601_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1080\/713612410","volume":"10","author":"TG Heckman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Heckman TG, Somlai AM, Peters J, Walker J, Otto-Salaj L, Galdabini CA, et al. Barriers to care among persons living with HIV\/AIDS in urban and rural areas. AIDS Care. 1998;10:365\u201375.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"4601_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2017.29.4.315","volume":"29","author":"RD Hubach","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hubach RD, Currin JM, Sanders CA, Durham AR, Kavanaugh KE, Wheeler DL, et al. Barriers to access and adoption of pre-exposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in a relatively rural state. AIDS Educ Prev Off Publ Int Soc AIDS Educ. 2017;29:315\u201329.","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev Off Publ Int Soc AIDS Educ"},{"key":"4601_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354920966026","volume":"136","author":"MB Howren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Howren MB, Francis SL, Polgreen LA, Shafer C, Hoth A, Ohl ME. Predictors of HIV preexposure prophylaxis initiation among public health clients in rural and small urban areas in Iowa. Public Health Rep. 2020;136:172\u201382.","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"4601_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-006-9033-x","volume":"83","author":"V Frye","year":"2006","unstructured":"Frye V, Latka MH, Koblin B, Halkitis PN, Putnam S, Galea S, et al. The urban environment and sexual risk behavior among men who have sex with men. J Urban Health. 2006;83:308\u201324.","journal-title":"J Urban Health"},{"key":"4601_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2007.05.051","volume":"65","author":"S Inagami","year":"2007","unstructured":"Inagami S, Cohen DA, Finch BK. Non-residential neighborhood exposures suppress neighborhood effects on self-rated health. Soc Sci Med. 2007;65:1779\u201391.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"}],"container-title":["AIDS and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10461-024-04601-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10461-024-04601-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10461-024-04601-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T21:03:00Z","timestamp":1744318980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10461-024-04601-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["4601"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10461-024-04601-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-7165","1573-3254"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-7165","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3254","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 December 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 January 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors have no conflicts of interest to report.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The University Institutional Review Board (IRB) involving human subjects at Yale University and the\u00a0University of Georgia approved the research protocol and written informed consent was obtained prior to the participation in this study (IRB# 2000021580).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}