{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:57:54Z","timestamp":1790812674132,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK131926"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK131926"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D43TW009578"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW009578"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D43TW010557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW010557"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017035","name":"Center for AIDS Research, Johns Hopkins University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30AI094189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AI094189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NU2GGH002009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NU2GGH002009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NU2GGH000817"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NU2GGH000817"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AIDS Behav"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-026-05281-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:30:37Z","timestamp":1790811037000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["HIV Seroprevalence, Incidence, and Viral Suppression Among Ugandan Males with Bar or Sex Worker Partners: A Population-Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6036-4001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyi","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4451-3436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate","family":"Grabowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Nalugoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godfrey","family":"Kigozi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry W.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Wirtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin E.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gertrude","family":"Nakigozi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eshan U.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Ndyanabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadijja","family":"Nakawooya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald M.","family":"Galiwango","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Serwadda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Ssempijja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron A. R.","family":"Tobian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Ssekubugu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"5281_CR1","unstructured":"HIV statistics, globally and by WHO region, 2023 [Internet]. [cited 2024 June 25]. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-UCN-HHS-SIA-2023-01. Accessed 25 June 2024."},{"key":"5281_CR2","unstructured":"HIV and sex work \u2014 Human rights fact sheet series 2021 [Internet]. [cited 2024 June 3]. https:\/\/www.unaids.org\/en\/resources\/documents\/2021\/05-hiv-human-rights-factsheet-sex-work. Accessed 3 June 2024."},{"key":"5281_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/s0277-9536(01)00027-2","volume":"54","author":"M Gysels","year":"1982","unstructured":"Gysels M, Pool R, Nnalusiba B. Women who sell sex in a Ugandan trading town: life histories, survival strategies and risk. Soc Sci Med. 1982;54:179\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0277-9536(01)00027-2.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"5281_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08838-8","volume":"20","author":"P Dambach","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dambach P, Mahenge B, Mashasi I, Muya A, Barnhart DA, B\u00e4rnighausen TW, et al. Socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors for HIV transmission in female bar workers in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic literature review. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-020-08838-8.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"5281_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002891","volume":"4","author":"VO Popoola","year":"1999","unstructured":"Popoola VO, Kagaayi J, Ssekasanvu J, Ssekubugu R, Kigozi G, Ndyanabo A, et al. HIV epidemiologic trends among occupational groups in Rakai, Uganda: a population-based longitudinal study, 1999-2016. PLoS Glob Public Health. 1999;4:e0002891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002891.","journal-title":"PLoS Glob Public Health"},{"key":"5281_CR6","unstructured":"Snap Shot: Crane 3 Survey Findings Female Sex Workers and Sexually Exploited Children in Kampala, Uganda 2021 [Internet]. Sch. Public Health. 2022 [cited 2024 June 28]. https:\/\/sph.mak.ac.ug\/index.php\/news\/snap-shot-crane-3-survey-findings-female-sex-workers-and-sexually-exploited-children-kampala. Accessed 28 June 2024."},{"key":"5281_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065239","volume":"13","author":"S Babirye","year":"2023","unstructured":"Babirye S, Ssengooba F, Weir SS, Michielsen K. Social venues and HIV vulnerability of young venue workers: a cluster analysis of data from a national-level cross-sectional survey of social venues in Uganda. BMJ Open. 2023;13:e065239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065239.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"5281_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70066-X","volume":"12","author":"S Baral","year":"2012","unstructured":"Baral S, Beyrer C, Muessig K, Poteat T, Wirtz AL, Decker MR, et al. Burden of HIV among female sex workers in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012;12:538\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70066-X.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"5281_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e781","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(22)00201-6","volume":"9","author":"R Kassanjee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kassanjee R, Welte A, Otwombe K, Jaffer M, Milovanovic M, Hlongwane K, et al. HIV incidence estimation among female sex workers in South Africa: a multiple methods analysis of cross-sectional survey data. Lancet HIV. 2022;9:e781-90. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2352-3018(22)00201-6.","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"5281_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1244","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00227-4","volume":"12","author":"HS Jones","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jones HS, Anderson RL, Cust H, McClelland RS, Richardson BA, Thirumurthy H, et al. HIV incidence among women engaging in sex work in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2024;12:e1244-60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00227-4.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"5281_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60931-4","volume":"385","author":"K Shannon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shannon K, Strathdee SA, Goldenberg SM, Duff P, Mwangi P, Rusakova M, et al. Global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers: influence of structural determinants. Lancet. 2015;385:55\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60931-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5281_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18751","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.16.4.18751","volume":"16","author":"E Papworth","year":"2013","unstructured":"Papworth E, Ceesay N, An L, Thiam-Niangoin M, Ky-Zerbo O, Holland C, et al. Epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers, their clients, men who have sex with men and people who inject drugs in West and Central Africa. J Int AIDS Soc. 2013;16:18751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7448\/IAS.16.4.18751.","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"5281_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547913","DOI":"10.1525\/agh.2022.1547913","volume":"1","author":"G Namale","year":"2022","unstructured":"Namale G, Kamacooko O, Kawuma R, Bagiire D, Mayanja Y, Ssali A, et al. Sexual Behaviour Risk Among Male Regular Partners of Female Sex Workers: Implications for HIV Prevention Interventions in Uganda. Adv Glob Health. 2022;1:1547913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1525\/agh.2022.1547913.","journal-title":"Adv Glob Health"},{"key":"5281_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.17730\/humo.73.2.t576885723n2r033","volume":"73","author":"EA Roth","year":"2014","unstructured":"Roth EA, Ngugi E, Benoit C, Jansson M, Hallgrimsdottir H. A Reasoned Action Model of Male Client Involvement in Commercial Sex Work in Kibera, A Large Informal Settlement in Nairobi, Kenya. Hum Organ. 2014;73:174\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17730\/humo.73.2.t576885723n2r033.","journal-title":"Hum Organ"},{"key":"5281_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Olaniyan O, Olasehinde N, Akintaro A, Afolabi O. Demand for heterosexual commercial sex services in Ibadan, Nigeria. Afr Popul Stud [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2025 Jan 10];31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11564\/31-2-1045","DOI":"10.11564\/31-2-1045"},{"key":"5281_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2014.969675","volume":"27","author":"PJ Fleming","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fleming PJ, Mulawa M, Burke H, Shattuck D, Mndeme E, Attafuah J, et al. The role of relationship types on condom use among urban men with concurrent partners in Ghana and Tanzania. AIDS Care. 2015;27:466\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09540121.2014.969675.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"5281_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003861","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003861","volume":"19","author":"C Hodgins","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hodgins C, Stannah J, Kuchukhidze S, Zembe L, Eaton JW, Boily M-C, et al. Population sizes, HIV prevalence, and HIV prevention among men who paid for sex in sub-Saharan Africa (2000\u20132020): A meta-analysis of 87 population-based surveys. PLOS Med Public Libr Sci. 2022;19:e1003861. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003861.","journal-title":"PLOS Med Public Libr Sci"},{"key":"5281_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(89)90589-8","volume":"2","author":"DW Cameron","year":"1989","unstructured":"Cameron DW, Simonsen JN, D\u2019Costa LJ, Ronald AR, Maitha GM, Gakinya MN, et al. Female to male transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: risk factors for seroconversion in men. Lancet Lond Engl. 1989;2:403\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(89)90589-8.","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"5281_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e388","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(16)30034-0","volume":"3","author":"LW Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang LW, Grabowski MK, Ssekubugu R, Nalugoda F, Kigozi G, Nantume B, et al. Heterogeneity of the HIV epidemic in agrarian, trading, and fishing communities in Rakai, Uganda: an observational epidemiological study. Lancet HIV Elsevier. 2016;3:e388\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2352-3018(16)30034-0.","journal-title":"Lancet HIV Elsevier"},{"key":"5281_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2013.04.003","volume":"192","author":"RM Galiwango","year":"2013","unstructured":"Galiwango RM, Musoke R, Lubyayi L, Ssekubugu R, Kalibbala S, Ssekweyama V, et al. Evaluation of current rapid HIV test algorithms in Rakai, Uganda. J Virol Methods. 2013;192:25\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jviromet.2013.04.003.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"5281_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2009.009352","volume":"22","author":"SC Kagulire","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kagulire SC, Opendi P, Stamper PD, Nakavuma JL, Mills LA, Makumbi F, et al. Field evaluation of five rapid diagnostic tests for screening of HIV-1 infections in rural Rakai, Uganda. Int J STD AIDS. 2011;22:308\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/ijsa.2009.009352.","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"5281_CR22","unstructured":"Technical Guidance on PrEP for Persons at Substantial Risk of HIV in Uganda. 2022 [Internet]. Uganda Ministry of Health; https:\/\/www.prepwatch.org\/resources\/technical-guidance-on-prep-for-persons-at-substantial-risk-of-hiv-in-uganda-2022\/. Accessed 19 Feb 2025."},{"key":"5281_CR23","volume-title":"Consolidated Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of HIV and AIDS in Uganda [Internet]","author":"Uganda Ministry of Health","year":"2022","unstructured":"Uganda Ministry of Health. Consolidated Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of HIV and AIDS in Uganda [Internet]. Kampala: Ministry of Health; 2022. https:\/\/www.prepwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Uganda-Consolidated-HIV-and-AIDS-Guidelines-20230516.pdf."},{"key":"5281_CR24","volume-title":"Technical Guidance on Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for Persons at Substantial Risk of HIV Infection in Uganda [Internet]","author":"Uganda Ministry of Health","year":"2017","unstructured":"Uganda Ministry of Health. Technical Guidance on Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for Persons at Substantial Risk of HIV Infection in Uganda [Internet]. Kampala: Ministry of Health; 2017. https:\/\/www.differentiatedservicedelivery.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/PrEP-Technical-Guidelines-16_01_2023-kadama-final-2.pdf."},{"key":"5281_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.03.028","volume":"72","author":"SR Chaudoir","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chaudoir SR, Fisher JD, Simoni JM. Understanding HIV disclosure: A review and application of the Disclosure Processes Model. Soc Sci Med. 2011;72:1618\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.03.028.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"5281_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13451","volume":"24","author":"G Liegeon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liegeon G, Ghosn J. Long-acting injectable cabotegravir for PrEP: A game-changer in HIV prevention? HIV Med. 2023;24:653\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hiv.13451.","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"5281_CR27","unstructured":"Guidelines. June on long-acting injectable cabotegravir for HIV prevention [Internet]. [cited 2024 June 11]. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications-detail-redirect\/9789240054097. Accessed 11 2024."},{"key":"5281_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2007.027441","volume":"83","author":"CM Lowndes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lowndes CM, Alary M, Labb\u00e9 A-C, Gnintoungb\u00e8 C, Belleau M, Mukenge L, et al. Interventions among male clients of female sex workers in Benin, West Africa: an essential component of targeted HIV preventive interventions. Sex Transm Infect. 2007;83:577\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sti.2007.027441.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"5281_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-023-01530-8","volume":"9","author":"M Monod","year":"2024","unstructured":"Monod M, Brizzi A, Galiwango RM, Ssekubugu R, Chen Y, Xi X, et al. Longitudinal population-level HIV epidemiologic and genomic surveillance highlights growing gender disparity of HIV transmission in Uganda. Nat Microbiol Nat Publishing Group. 2024;9:35\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41564-023-01530-8.","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol Nat Publishing Group"},{"key":"5281_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31825693f2","volume":"60","author":"TL Patterson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Patterson TL, Volkmann T, Gallardo M, Goldenberg S, Lozada R, Semple SJ, et al. Identifying the HIV Transmission Bridge: Which Men Are Having Unsafe Sex with Female Sex Workers and with Their Own Wives or Steady Partners? J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1999. 2012;60:414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31825693f2.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1999"},{"key":"5281_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i69","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.78.suppl_1.i69","volume":"78","author":"C Lowndes","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lowndes C, Alary M, Meda H, Gnintoungbe C, Mukenge-Tshibaka L, Adjovi C, et al. Role of core and bridging groups in the transmission dynamics of HIV and STIs in Cotonou, Benin, West Africa. Sex Transm Infect. 2002;78:i69. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sti.78.suppl_1.i69.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"5281_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e496","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(22)00100-X","volume":"9","author":"H Chemaitelly","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chemaitelly H, Ayoub HH, Omori R, El Feki S, Hermez JG, Weiss HA, et al. HIV incidence and impact of interventions among female sex workers and their clients in the Middle East and north Africa: a modelling study. Lancet HIV. 2022;9:e496\u2013505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2352-3018(22)00100-X.","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"5281_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1007\/s12119-020-09707-7","volume":"24","author":"AL Grittner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grittner AL, Walsh CA. The Role of Social Stigma in the Lives of Female-Identified Sex Workers: A Scoping Review. Sex Cult. 2020;24:1653\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12119-020-09707-7.","journal-title":"Sex Cult"},{"key":"5281_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07892-4","volume":"22","author":"C Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen C, Baral S, Comins CA, Mcingana M, Wang L, Phetlhu DR, et al. HIV- and sex work-related stigmas and quality of life of female sex workers living with HIV in South Africa: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis. 2022;22:910. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-022-07892-4.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"5281_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.01.002","volume":"66","author":"G Scambler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Scambler G, Paoli F. Health work, female sex workers and HIV\/AIDS: global and local dimensions of stigma and deviance as barriers to effective interventions. Soc Sci Med. 2008;66:1848\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.01.002.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"}],"container-title":["AIDS and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10461-026-05281-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10461-026-05281-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10461-026-05281-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:30:42Z","timestamp":1790811042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10461-026-05281-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["5281"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10461-026-05281-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-7165","1573-3254"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-7165","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3254","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 August 2026","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2026","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"We declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}