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Semi\u2010parametric group based modeling was used to identify trajectories of parental monitoring and exposure to violence from T1 to T5. Results from these analyses revealed: (1) a trajectory of declining parental monitoring for 48% of youth; and (2) four distinct trajectories of exposure to violence. Multivariate findings were largely consistent with the ecological\u2010transactional model of community violence. Youth with stable and\/or increasing trajectories of exposure to violence were more likely than youth with stable\u2010low exposure to violence to have declining parental monitoring, but additional analyses revealed a similar pattern of findings for younger adolescents (age 9\u201311 T1), but no evidence of linkages between trajectories of exposure to violence and parental monitoring for older adolescents (age 12\u201316 T1). The theoretical and policy implications of these findings as well as areas for future research are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10464-011-9456-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,25]],"date-time":"2011-07-25T16:01:34Z","timestamp":1311609694000},"page":"127-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Specifying the Interrelationship Between Exposure to Violence and Parental Monitoring for Younger Versus Older Adolescents: A Five Year Longitudinal Test"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Richard","family":"Spano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Criminal Justice Indiana University  47405 Bloomington IN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Criminal Justice Niagara University  Lewiston NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander 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