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These Gram-negative bacteria enhance plant growth through diverse direct and indirect mechanisms, including biological nitrogen fixation or stimulation of nitrogen fixation in\u00a0co-existing\u00a0diazotrophs, phosphate solubilization, siderophore-mediated iron acquisition,\u00a0nutrient and niche\u00a0competition with pathogens, secretion of antimicrobial metabolites, and activation of induced systemic resistance in plants. Recent advances in omics technologies have improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    mediated plant nutrition and biocontrol. However, these insights remain fragmented across the literature, limiting a comprehensive understanding of Pseudomonas\u2013plant interactions. This review synthesizes current knowledge on nutrient mobilization, siderophore activity, antimicrobial metabolite production, and induced plant defense responses associated with beneficial\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. Emphasis is placed on how these mechanisms collectively enhance plant productivity, stress tolerance, and disease resistance, highlighting the potential of\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. as sustainable biofertilizers and biopesticides.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-026-02352-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T15:41:34Z","timestamp":1780933294000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Mechanisms of Pseudomonas spp. as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: plant nutrition and biocontrol"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Felix","family":"Satognon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Akuku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2352_CR1","first-page":"299","volume-title":"Cottage industry of biocontrol agents and their applications: practical aspects to deal biologically with pests and stresses facing strategic crops","author":"H Abd-El-Khair","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abd-El-Khair H (2019) Biological control of phyto-pathogenic bacteria. 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