{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T08:34:48Z","timestamp":1793435688770,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Foundation in China","award":["No. JCKY2024110B015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCKY2024110B015"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Liaoning Province","award":["No. 2021JH1\/10400049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2021JH1\/10400049"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction IoT Application Technology","award":["No. 2024KFKT-08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2024KFKT-08"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10484-026-09776-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T06:27:57Z","timestamp":1772605677000},"page":"843-857","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Task-Based EEG Neurofeedback Enhances Training Effects in Dynamic Visual Search"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaonan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanbo","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yubo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengyu","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"9776_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2018.02.015","volume":"118","author":"S Agnoli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Agnoli, S., Zanon, M., Mastria, S., Avenanti, A., & Corazza, G. E. (2018). Enhancing creative cognition with a rapid right-parietal neurofeedback procedure. Neuropsychologia, 118, 99\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2018.02.015","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"9776_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad101","volume":"5","author":"B Barbazzeni","year":"2023","unstructured":"Barbazzeni, B., Speck, O., & D\u00fczel, E. (2023). Cognitive training, but not EEG-neurofeedback, improves working memory in healthy volunteers. Brain Communications, 5(2), Article fcad101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad101","journal-title":"Brain Communications"},{"issue":"2","key":"9776_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.12.018","volume":"85","author":"AM Bastos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bastos, A. M., Vezoli, J., Bosman, C. A., Schoffelen, J.-M., Oostenveld, R., Dowdall, J. R., De Weerd, P., Kennedy, H., & Fries, P. (2015). Visual areas exert feedforward and feedback influences through distinct frequency channels. Neuron, 85(2), 390\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.12.018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"9776_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1177\/0033294119900348","volume":"124","author":"J Bielas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bielas, J., & Michalczyk, \u0141. (2021). Beta neurofeedback training improves attentional control in the elderly. Psychological Reports, 124(1), 54\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0033294119900348","journal-title":"Psychological Reports"},{"issue":"39","key":"9776_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7523","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0771-20.2020","volume":"40","author":"L Bogaerts","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bogaerts, L., Richter, C. G., Landau, A. N., & Frost, R. (2020). Beta-band activity is a signature of statistical learning. The Journal of Neuroscience, 40(39), 7523\u20137530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0771-20.2020","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"5820","key":"9776_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1138071","volume":"315","author":"TJ Buschman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Buschman, T. J., & Miller, E. K. (2007). Top-down versus bottom-up control of attention in the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices. Science, 315(5820), 1860\u20131862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1138071","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"9776_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12121624","volume":"12","author":"A Casella","year":"2022","unstructured":"Casella, A., Ventura, E., & Di Russo, F. (2022). The influence of a specific cognitive-motor training protocol on planning abilities and visual search in young soccer players. Brain Sciences, 12(12), Article 1624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci12121624","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"9776_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1006\/cogp.1998.0681","volume":"36","author":"MM Chun","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chun, M. M., & Jiang, Y. (1998). Contextual cueing: Implicit learning and memory of visual context guides spatial attention. Cognitive Psychology, 36(1), 28\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/cogp.1998.0681","journal-title":"Cognitive Psychology"},{"issue":"13","key":"9776_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5351","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1152-14.2015","volume":"35","author":"K Clark","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clark, K., Appelbaum, L. G., Van Den Berg, B., Mitroff, S. R., & Woldorff, M. G. (2015). Improvement in visual search with practice: Mapping learning-related changes in neurocognitive stages of processing. The Journal of Neuroscience, 35(13), 5351\u20135359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1152-14.2015","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"9776_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3940","volume":"18","author":"MT deBettencourt","year":"2015","unstructured":"deBettencourt, M. T., Cohen, J. D., Lee, R. F., Norman, K. A., & Turk-Browne, N. B. (2015). Closed-loop training of attention with real-time brain imaging. Nature Neuroscience, 18(3), 470\u2013475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.3940","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"issue":"10","key":"9776_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1167\/13.10.3","volume":"13","author":"T Drew","year":"2013","unstructured":"Drew, T., Vo, M.L.-H., Olwal, A., Jacobson, F., Seltzer, S. E., & Wolfe, J. M. (2013). Scanners and drillers: Characterizing expert visual search through volumetric images. Journal of Vision, 13(10), 3\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/13.10.3","journal-title":"Journal of Vision"},{"issue":"1","key":"9776_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-57285-7","volume":"14","author":"S Dyck","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dyck, S., & Klaes, C. (2024). Training-related changes in neural beta oscillations associated with implicit and explicit motor sequence learning. Scientific Reports, 14(1), Article 6781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-57285-7","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"18","key":"9776_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4155","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200112210-00058","volume":"12","author":"T Egner","year":"2001","unstructured":"Egner, T., & Gruzelier, J. H. (2001). Learned self-regulation of EEG frequency components affects attention and event-related brain potentials in humans. NeuroReport, 12(18), 4155.","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"9776_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.12.023","volume":"14","author":"K Emmert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Emmert, K., Kopel, R., Koush, Y., Maire, R., Senn, P., Van De Ville, D., & Haller, S. (2017). Continuous vs. intermittent neurofeedback to regulate auditory cortex activity of tinnitus patients using real-time fMRI - A pilot study. NeuroImage: Clinical, 14, 97\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.12.023","journal-title":"NeuroImage: Clinical"},{"key":"9776_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Enriquez-Geppert, S., Huster, R. J., & Herrmann, C. S. (2017). EEG-neurofeedback as a tool to modulate cognition and behavior: A review tutorial. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00051","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00051"},{"issue":"6939","key":"9776_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01647","volume":"423","author":"CS Green","year":"2003","unstructured":"Green, C. S., & Bavelier, D. (2003). Action video game modifies visual selective attention. Nature, 423(6939), 534\u2013537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature01647","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"9776_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.09.015","volume":"44","author":"JH Gruzelier","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gruzelier, J. H. (2014). EEG-neurofeedback for optimising performance. I: A review of cognitive and affective outcome in healthy participants. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 44, 124\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.09.015","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"9776_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/IMAG.a.142","volume":"3","author":"Y Haruki","year":"2025","unstructured":"Haruki, Y., Yang, Y., Suzuki, K., Imamizu, H., & Ogawa, K. (2025). Real-time fMRI neurofeedback boosts heartbeat perception by modulating insula activation pattern during interoceptive attention. Imaging Neuroscience, 3, Article IMAG.a.142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/IMAG.a.142","journal-title":"Imaging Neuroscience"},{"key":"9776_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.10.031","volume":"166","author":"L Hellrung","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hellrung, L., Dietrich, A., Hollmann, M., Pleger, B., Kalberlah, C., Roggenhofer, E., Villringer, A., & Horstmann, A. (2018). Intermittent compared to continuous real-time fMRI neurofeedback boosts control over amygdala activation. NeuroImage, 166, 198\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.10.031","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"9776_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.03.035","volume":"134","author":"SMH Hosseini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hosseini, S. M. H., Pritchard-Berman, M., Sosa, N., Ceja, A., & Kesler, S. R. (2016). Task-based neurofeedback training: A novel approach toward training executive functions. NeuroImage, 134, 153\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.03.035","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"9776_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-014-0764-6","volume":"77","author":"MC Hout","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hout, M. C., & Goldinger, S. D. (2015). Target templates: The precision of mental representations affects attentional guidance and decision-making in visual search. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 77(1), 128\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-014-0764-6","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"key":"9776_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huang, X., Mak, J., Wears, A., Price, R. B., Akcakaya, M., Ostadabbas, S., & Woody, M. L. (2022). Using neurofeedback from steady-state visual evoked potentials to target affect-biased attention in augmented reality. In 2022 44th annual international conference of the IEEE engineering in medicine & biology society (EMBC) (pp. 2314\u20132318). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/EMBC48229.2022.9871982","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC48229.2022.9871982"},{"issue":"1","key":"9776_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2010.00529.x","volume":"22","author":"KA Johnson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Johnson, K. A., Hartwell, K., LeMatty, T., Borckardt, J., Morgan, P. S., Govindarajan, K., Brady, K., & George, M. S. (2012). Intermittent \u201creal\u2010time\u201d fMRI feedback is superior to continuous presentation for a motor imagery task: A pilot study. Journal of Neuroimaging, 22(1), 58\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2010.00529.x","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroimaging"},{"key":"9776_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/imag_a_00053","volume":"2","author":"I Kimura","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kimura, I., Noyama, H., Onagawa, R., Takemi, M., Osu, R., & Kawahara, J. (2024). Efficacy of neurofeedback training for improving attentional performance in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Imaging Neuroscience, 2, Article imag\u20132\u201300053. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/imag_a_00053","journal-title":"Imaging Neuroscience"},{"key":"9776_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.07.025","volume":"181","author":"SE Kober","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kober, S. E., Witte, M., Grinschgl, S., Neuper, C., & Wood, G. (2018). Placebo hampers ability to self-regulate brain activity: A double-blind sham-controlled neurofeedback study. NeuroImage, 181, 797\u2013806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.07.025","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"12","key":"9776_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.21100999","volume":"179","author":"S-L Lam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lam, S.-L., Criaud, M., Lukito, S., Westwood, S. J., Agbedjro, D., Kowalczyk, O. S., Curran, S., Barret, N., Abbott, C., Liang, H., Simonoff, E., Barker, G. J., Giampietro, V., & Rubia, K. (2022). Double-blind, sham-controlled randomized trial testing the efficacy of fMRI neurofeedback on clinical and cognitive measures in children with ADHD. American Journal of Psychiatry, 179(12), 947\u2013958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.21100999","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"9776_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14090931","volume":"14","author":"T Lin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin, T., Rana, M., Liu, P., Polk, R., Heemskerk, A., Weisberg, S. M., Bowers, D., Sitaram, R., & Ebner, N. C. (2024). Real-time fMRI neurofeedback training of selective attention in older adults. Brain Sciences, 14(9), Article 931. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci14090931","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"issue":"9","key":"9776_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2021.08.004","volume":"177","author":"C Loriette","year":"2021","unstructured":"Loriette, C., Ziane, C., & Ben Hamed, S. (2021). Neurofeedback for cognitive enhancement and intervention and brain plasticity. Revue Neurologique, 177(9), 1133\u20131144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurol.2021.08.004","journal-title":"Revue Neurologique"},{"issue":"8","key":"9776_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2022.03.008","volume":"45","author":"N Lubianiker","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lubianiker, N., Paret, C., Dayan, P., & Hendler, T. (2022). Neurofeedback through the lens of reinforcement learning. Trends in Neurosciences, 45(8), 579\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2022.03.008","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"9776_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2814","volume":"14","author":"WJ Ma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ma, W. J., Navalpakkam, V., Beck, J. M., Berg, R. V. D., & Pouget, A. (2011). Behavior and neural basis of near-optimal visual search. Nature Neuroscience, 14(6), 783\u2013790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.2814","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"9776_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11060843","volume":"11","author":"Y Matsuzaki","year":"2023","unstructured":"Matsuzaki, Y., Nouchi, R., Sakaki, K., Dinet, J., & Kawashima, R. (2023). The effect of cognitive training with neurofeedback on cognitive function in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Healthcare (Basel), 11(6), Article 843. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare11060843","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"9776_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.12.018","volume":"89","author":"G Michalareas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Michalareas, G., Vezoli, J., van Pelt, S., Schoffelen, J.-M., Kennedy, H., & Fries, P. (2016). Alpha-beta and gamma rhythms subserve feedback and feedforward influences among human visual cortical areas. Neuron, 89(2), 384\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.12.018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"26","key":"9776_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5699","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3235-20.2021","volume":"41","author":"J Mishra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mishra, J., Lowenstein, M., Campusano, R., Hu, Y., Diaz-Delgado, J., Ayyoub, J., Jain, R., & Gazzaley, A. (2021). Closed-loop neurofeedback of \u03b1 synchrony during goal-directed attention. The Journal of Neuroscience, 41(26), 5699\u20135710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3235-20.2021","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7031","key":"9776_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03390","volume":"434","author":"J Najemnik","year":"2005","unstructured":"Najemnik, J., & Geisler, W. S. (2005). Optimal eye movement strategies in visual search. Nature, 434(7031), 387\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature03390","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"9776_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12010005","volume":"12","author":"R Nouchi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nouchi, R., Nouchi, H., Dinet, J., & Kawashima, R. (2021). Cognitive training with neurofeedback using NIRS improved cognitive functions in young adults: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial. Brain Sciences, 12(1), Article 5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci12010005","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"key":"9776_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2021.630813","volume":"15","author":"I Palacios-Garc\u00eda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Palacios-Garc\u00eda, I., Silva, J., Villena-Gonz\u00e1lez, M., Campos-Arteaga, G., Artigas-Vergara, C., Luarte, N., Rodr\u00edguez, E., & Bosman, C. A. (2021). Increase in beta power reflects attentional top-down modulation after psychosocial stress induction. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15, Article 630813. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2021.630813","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7","key":"9776_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/aerospace8070170","volume":"8","author":"R Palma Fraga","year":"2021","unstructured":"Palma Fraga, R., Kang, Z., Crutchfield, J. M., & Mandal, S. (2021). Visual search and conflict mitigation strategies used by expert en route air traffic controllers. Aerospace, 8(7), Article 170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/aerospace8070170","journal-title":"Aerospace"},{"issue":"1","key":"9776_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83456-x","volume":"11","author":"B Parsons","year":"2021","unstructured":"Parsons, B., & Faubert, J. (2021). Enhancing learning in a perceptual-cognitive training paradigm using EEG-neurofeedback. Scientific Reports, 11(1), Article 4061. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-83456-x","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"9776_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.00353","volume":"12","author":"MS Peterson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Peterson, M. S., Kramer, A. F., Wang, R. F., Irwin, D. E., & McCarley, J. S. (2001). Visual search has memory. Psychological Science, 12(4), 287\u2013292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1467-9280.00353","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"9776_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2022.01.008","volume":"26","author":"M Ramot","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ramot, M., & Martin, A. (2022). Closed-loop neuromodulation for studying spontaneous activity and causality. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 26(4), 290\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2022.01.008","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"issue":"39","key":"9776_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8233","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0243-21.2021","volume":"41","author":"AI Renton","year":"2021","unstructured":"Renton, A. I., Painter, D. R., & Mattingley, J. B. (2021). Implicit neurofeedback training of feature-based attention promotes biased sensory processing during integrative decision-making. The Journal of Neuroscience, 41(39), 8233\u20138248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0243-21.2021","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"28","key":"9776_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6698","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3771-16.2017","volume":"37","author":"CG Richter","year":"2017","unstructured":"Richter, C. G., Thompson, W. H., Bosman, C. A., & Fries, P. (2017). Top-down beta enhances bottom-up gamma. The Journal of Neuroscience, 37(28), 6698\u20136711. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3771-16.2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7","key":"9776_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199381","volume":"13","author":"A Roca","year":"2018","unstructured":"Roca, A., Ford, P. R., & Memmert, D. (2018). Creative decision making and visual search behavior in skilled soccer players. PLoS ONE, 13(7), Article e0199381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0199381","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"9776_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2015.06.002","volume":"22","author":"T Romeas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Romeas, T., Guldner, A., & Faubert, J. (2016). 3D-multiple object tracking training task improves passing decision-making accuracy in soccer players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 22, 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2015.06.002","journal-title":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise"},{"issue":"10","key":"9776_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3391","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac239","volume":"145","author":"Z-B Sanders","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sanders, Z.-B., Fleming, M. K., Smejka, T., Marzolla, M. C., Zich, C., Rieger, S. W., L\u00fchrs, M., Goebel, R., Sampaio-Baptista, C., & Johansen-Berg, H. (2022). Self-modulation of motor cortex activity after stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Brain, 145(10), 3391\u20133404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awac239","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"9776_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2014.11.027","volume":"281","author":"P Sarkheil","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sarkheil, P., Zilverstand, A., Kilian-H\u00fctten, N., Schneider, F., Goebel, R., & Mathiak, K. (2015). fMRI feedback enhances emotion regulation as evidenced by a reduced amygdala response. Behavioural Brain Research, 281, 326\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2014.11.027","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"9776_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1080\/026404102317284826","volume":"20","author":"GJP Savelsbergh","year":"2002","unstructured":"Savelsbergh, G. J. P., Williams, A. M., Kamp, J. V. D., & Ward, P. (2002). Visual search, anticipation and expertise in soccer goalkeepers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 20(3), 279\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/026404102317284826","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"9776_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx011","volume":"140","author":"M Schabus","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schabus, M., Griessenberger, H., Gnjezda, M.-T., Heib, D. P. J., Wislowska, M., & Hoedlmoser, K. (2017). Better than sham? A double-blind placebo-controlled neurofeedback study in primary insomnia. Brain, 140(4), 1041\u20131052. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awx011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"9776_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116684","volume":"212","author":"D Scheinost","year":"2020","unstructured":"Scheinost, D., Hsu, T. W., Avery, E. W., Hampson, M., Constable, R. T., Chun, M. M., & Rosenberg, M. D. (2020). Connectome-based neurofeedback: A pilot study to improve sustained attention. NeuroImage, 212, Article 116684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116684","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"6061","key":"9776_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1212003","volume":"334","author":"K Shibata","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shibata, K., Watanabe, T., Sasaki, Y., & Kawato, M. (2011). Perceptual learning incepted by decoded fMRI neurofeedback without stimulus presentation. Science, 334(6061), 1413\u20131415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1212003","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"9776_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.164","volume":"18","author":"R Sitaram","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sitaram, R., Ros, T., Stoeckel, L., Haller, S., Scharnowski, F., Lewis-Peacock, J., Weiskopf, N., Blefari, M. L., Rana, M., Oblak, E., Birbaumer, N., & Sulzer, J. (2017). Closed-loop brain training: The science of neurofeedback. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 18(2), 86\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn.2016.164","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"9776_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.07.002","volume":"5","author":"LE Stoeckel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stoeckel, L. E., Garrison, K. A., Ghosh, S. S., Wighton, P., Hanlon, C. A., Gilman, J. M., Greer, S., Turk-Browne, N. B., deBettencourt, M. T., Scheinost, D., Craddock, C., Thompson, T., Calderon, V., Bauer, C. C., George, M., Breiter, H. C., Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., Gabrieli, J. D., LaConte, S. M., \u2026 Evins, A. E. (2014). Optimizing real time fMRI neurofeedback for therapeutic discovery and development. NeuroImage: Clinical, 5, 245\u2013255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.07.002","journal-title":"NeuroImage: Clinical"},{"key":"9776_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.03.033","volume":"76","author":"J Sulzer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sulzer, J., Haller, S., Scharnowski, F., Weiskopf, N., Birbaumer, N., Blefari, M. L., Bruehl, A. B., Cohen, L. G., deCharms, R. C., Gassert, R., Goebel, R., Herwig, U., LaConte, S., Linden, D., Luft, A., Seifritz, E., & Sitaram, R. (2013). Real-time fMRI neurofeedback: Progress and challenges. NeuroImage, 76, 386\u2013399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.03.033","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"9776_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx033","volume":"140","author":"RT Thibault","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thibault, R. T., Lifshitz, M., & Raz, A. (2017). Neurofeedback or neuroplacebo? Brain, 140(4), 862\u2013864. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awx033","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"9776_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37718","volume":"6","author":"B Van Den Berg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Van Den Berg, B., Appelbaum, L. G., Clark, K., Lorist, M. M., & Woldorff, M. G. (2016). Visual search performance is predicted by both prestimulus and poststimulus electrical brain activity. Scientific Reports, 6(1), Article 37718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep37718","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"12","key":"9776_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2017.09.010","volume":"21","author":"T Watanabe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Watanabe, T., Sasaki, Y., Shibata, K., & Kawato, M. (2017). Advances in fMRI real-time neurofeedback. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 21(12), 997\u20131010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2017.09.010","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"9776_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2024.3702","volume":"82","author":"SJ Westwood","year":"2025","unstructured":"Westwood, S. J., Aggensteiner, P.-M., Kaiser, A., Nagy, P., Donno, F., Merkl, D., Balia, C., Goujon, A., Bousquet, E., Capodiferro, A. M., Derks, L., Purper-Ouakil, D., Carucci, S., Holtmann, M., Brandeis, D., Cortese, S., Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., European ADHD Guidelines Group (EAGG), Baeyens, D., \u2026 Wong, I. C. (2025). Neurofeedback for attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry, 82(2), Article 118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2024.3702","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"9776_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41235-021-00348-4","volume":"6","author":"B Wolfe","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wolfe, B., Kosovicheva, A., Stent, S., & Rosenholtz, R. (2021). Effects of temporal and spatiotemporal cues on detection of dynamic road hazards. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 6(1), Article 80. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41235-021-00348-4","journal-title":"Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications"},{"issue":"8","key":"9776_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.02.016","volume":"20","author":"JM Wolfe","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wolfe, J. M. (2010). Visual search. Current Biology, 20(8), R346\u2013R349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2010.02.016","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"9776_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-017-0058","volume":"1","author":"JM Wolfe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wolfe, J. M., & Horowitz, T. S. (2017). Five factors that guide attention in visual search. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(3), Article 0058. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41562-017-0058","journal-title":"Nature Human Behaviour"},{"issue":"6747","key":"9776_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1038\/23698","volume":"400","author":"GF Woodman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Woodman, G. F., & Luck, S. J. (1999). Electrophysiological measurement of rapid shifts of attention during visual search. Nature, 400(6747), 867\u2013869. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/23698","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"9776_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.16060637","volume":"174","author":"KD Young","year":"2017","unstructured":"Young, K. D., Siegle, G. J., Zotev, V., Phillips, R., Misaki, M., Yuan, H., Drevets, W. C., & Bodurka, J. (2017). Randomized clinical trial of real-time fMRI amygdala neurofeedback for major depressive disorder: Effects on symptoms and autobiographical memory recall. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174(8), 748\u2013755. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.16060637","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"9776_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/jov.22.8.7","volume":"22","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, Q., Huang, Z., Li, L., & Li, S. (2022). Visual search training benefits from the integrative effect of enhanced covert attention and optimized overt eye movements. Journal of Vision, 22(8), Article 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/jov.22.8.7","journal-title":"Journal of Vision"},{"issue":"1","key":"9776_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41539-024-00242-w","volume":"9","author":"W Zhou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhou, W., Nan, W., Xiong, K., & Ku, Y. (2024). Alpha neurofeedback training improves visual working memory in healthy individuals. NPJ Science of Learning, 9(1), Article 32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41539-024-00242-w","journal-title":"NPJ Science of Learning"}],"container-title":["Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10484-026-09776-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10484-026-09776-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10484-026-09776-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T08:14:22Z","timestamp":1793434462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10484-026-09776-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9776"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10484-026-09776-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-0586","1573-3270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-0586","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors have no financial or proprietary interests in any material discussed in this article.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Approval was obtained from Biomedical Engineering Ethics Committee of Dalian University of Technology (DUTFM241121-02). The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Additional informed consent was obtained from all individual participants for whom identifying information is included in this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for Publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}