{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T23:49:44Z","timestamp":1774914584498,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006034","name":"University of Southern California","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006034","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adm Policy Ment Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are two dominant approaches to implementing permanent supportive housing (PSH), namely place-based (PB) and scattered-site (SS). Formal guidance does not distinguish between these two models and only specifies that PSH should be reserved for those who are most vulnerable with complex health needs. To consider both system- and self-selection factors that may affect housing assignment, this study applied the Gelberg-Anderson behavioral model for vulnerable populations to compare predisposing, enabling, and need factors among people experiencing homelessness (PE) by whether they were assigned to PB-PSH (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009272) or SS-PSH (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009185) in Los Angeles County during the COVID-19 pandemic. This exploratory, observational study also included those who were approved but did not receive PSH (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200994). Results show that there are notable differences between (a) those who received PSH versus those who did not, and (b) those in PB-PSH versus SS-PSH. Specifically, PEH who received PSH were more likely to be white, US-born, have any physical health condition, and have lower health activation scores. PEH who received PB- versus SS-PSH were more likely to be older, Black, have any alcohol use disorder, and have higher health activation scores. These findings suggest that homeless service systems may consider PB-PSH more appropriate for PEH with higher needs but also raises important questions about how race may be a factor in the type of PSH that PEH receive and whether PSH is received at all.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-024-01359-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T10:03:48Z","timestamp":1710410628000},"page":"805-817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Placement into Scattered-Site or Place-Based Permanent Supportive Housing in Los Angeles County, CA, During the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8346-3569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin F.","family":"Henwood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randall","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda Landrian","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessie","family":"Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricky","family":"Bluthenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Cousineau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Howard","family":"Padwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roya","family":"Ijadi-Maghsoodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Chinchilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bikki Tran","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lillian","family":"Gelberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1359_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201400587","volume":"67","author":"T Aubry","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aubry, T., Goering, P., Veldhuizen, S., et al. (2016). A multiple-city RCT of Housing First with assertive community treatment for homeless canadians with serious mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 67(3), 275\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ps.201400587.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"1359_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"w555","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.28.4.w555","volume":"28","author":"DM Berwick","year":"2009","unstructured":"Berwick, D. M. (2009). What \u2018patient-centered\u2019 should mean: Confessions of an extremist. Health Affairs, 28(Suppl. 1), w555\u2013w565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1377\/hlthaff.28.4.w555.","journal-title":"Health Affairs"},{"issue":"2","key":"1359_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2036733","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.36733","volume":"4","author":"MJ Bovin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bovin, M. J., Kimerling, R., Weathers, F. W., et al. (2021). 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Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness, 31(1), 23\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10530789.2020.1852502.","journal-title":"Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness"},{"issue":"7","key":"1359_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2410","DOI":"10.1002\/jcop.22428","volume":"48","author":"J Dickson-Gomez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dickson-Gomez, J., Quinn, K., McAuliffe, T., Bendixen, A., & Ohlrich, J. (2020). Placement of chronically homeless into different types of permanent supportive housing before and after a coordinated entry system: The influence of severe mental illness, substance use disorder, and dual diagnosis on housing configuration and intensity of services. 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The statements in this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the PCORI, its Board of Governors or Methodology Committee. This human subjects research has been performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the University of Southern California\u2019s Institutional Review Board. All human subject participants provided informed consent. The authors have no conflicts of interest to report.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}