{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:28:26Z","timestamp":1789122506888,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adm Policy Ment Health"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-026-01524-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T09:28:29Z","timestamp":1789118909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Implementation Determinants for AI-Enabled Digital Mental Health Interventions Across Asian Mental Health Systems: A Scoping Review Using the Donabedian Model"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1223-7043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Fauzie","family":"Ismail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7412-2203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muamar Iskandar Mohamed","family":"Yusoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2473-1612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zainal","family":"Zulkifli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7260-737X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad Shahril Hafifi","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6283-1988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhamad Syafiq Zainul","family":"Abidin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0917-2728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afiq Izzudin A","family":"Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"1524_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e57306","DOI":"10.2196\/57306","volume":"11","author":"PK Adhikary","year":"2024","unstructured":"Adhikary, P. K., Srivastava, A., Kumar, S., Singh, S. M., Manuja, P., Gopinath, J. K., Krishnan, V., Gupta, K., Sinha Deb, S., K., & Chakraborty, T. (2024). Exploring the efficacy of large language models in summarizing mental health counseling sessions: Benchmark study. JMIR Mental Health, 11, e57306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/57306","journal-title":"JMIR Mental Health"},{"key":"1524_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e73563","DOI":"10.2196\/73563","volume":"9","author":"R Agrawal","year":"2025","unstructured":"Agrawal, R., Monteiro, K., Sankha Narasimhamurti, N., Sharma, S., Suryawanshi, A., Bariya, A., Narvekar, S., Bagnoli, L., Saxena, M., Magoun, L., Parsekar, S. S., Pozuelo, J. R., Lesh, N., Sood, M., Sharma, T., Yadav, H., Bhan, A., Nadkarni, A., & Patel, V. (2025). A conversational agent (PracticePal) to support the delivery of a brief behavioral activation treatment for depression in rural India: Development and pilot-testing study. JMIR Formative Research, 9, e73563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/73563","journal-title":"JMIR Formative Research"},{"key":"1524_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e51540","DOI":"10.2196\/51540","volume":"13","author":"MS Ahmed","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ahmed, M. S., Hasan, T., Islam, S., & Ahmed, N. (2024). Investigating rhythmicity in app usage to predict depressive symptoms: Protocol for personalized framework development and validation through a countrywide study. JMIR Research Protocols, 13, e51540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/51540","journal-title":"JMIR Research Protocols"},{"issue":"1","key":"1524_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616","volume":"8","author":"H Arksey","year":"2005","unstructured":"Arksey, H., & O\u2019Malley, L. (2005). Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8(1), 19\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1364557032000119616","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Research Methodology"},{"key":"1524_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-10536-1","volume":"24","author":"C Berardi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Berardi, C., Antonini, M., Jordan, Z., Wechtler, H., Paolucci, F., & Hinwood, M. (2024). Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of digital technologies in mental health systems: A qualitative systematic review to inform a policy framework. BMC Health Services Research, 24, 243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-023-10536-1","journal-title":"BMC Health Services Research"},{"key":"1524_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65163","DOI":"10.2196\/65163","volume":"8","author":"I Butorac","year":"2025","unstructured":"Butorac, I., McNaney, R., Seguin, J. P., Olivier, P., Northam, J. C., Tully, L. A., Carl, T., & Carter, A. (2025). Developing digital mental health tools with culturally diverse parents and young people: Qualitative user-centered design study. JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting, 8, e65163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/65163","journal-title":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting"},{"key":"1524_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2025.103087","volume":"162","author":"Z Cai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cai, Z., Fang, H., Liu, J., Xu, G., Long, Y., Guan, Y., & Ke, T. (2025). Improving unified information extraction in Chinese mental health domain with instruction-tuned LLMs and type-verification component. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 162, 103087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.artmed.2025.103087","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine"},{"issue":"10042","key":"1524_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30590-6","volume":"388","author":"FJ Charlson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Charlson, F. J., Baxter, A. J., Cheng, H. G., Shidhaye, R., & Whiteford, H. A. (2016). The burden of mental, neurological, and substance use disorders in China and India: A systematic analysis of community representative epidemiological studies. The Lancet, 388(10042), 376\u2013389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30590-6","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"1524_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cheng, L., Chan, W. K., Peng, Y., & Qin, H. (2023). Towards data-driven tele-medicine intelligence: Community-based mental healthcare paradigm shift for smart aging amid COVID-19 pandemic. Health Information Science and Systems, 11(14). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13755-022-00198-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s13755-022-00198-4"},{"key":"1524_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2024.104215","volume":"101","author":"S Choudhary","year":"2024","unstructured":"Choudhary, S., Dutt, S., Torous, J., & Mehta, U. M. (2024). Bridging the mental health gap: The scope, challenges, and future of digital psychiatry in India. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 101, 104215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajp.2024.104215","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"1524_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03410120089033","volume":"260","author":"A Donabedian","year":"1988","unstructured":"Donabedian, A. (1988). The quality of care: How can it be assessed? Journal Of The American Medical Association, 260(12), 1743\u20131748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.1988.03410120089033","journal-title":"Journal Of The American Medical Association"},{"key":"1524_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e48633","DOI":"10.2196\/48633","volume":"11","author":"M Hassan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hassan, M., Kushniruk, A., & Borycki, E. (2024). Barriers to and facilitators of artificial intelligence adoption in health care: Scoping review. JMIR Human Factors, 11, e48633. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/48633","journal-title":"JMIR Human Factors"},{"issue":"3","key":"1524_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1080\/13648470.2024.2378727","volume":"31","author":"C Lang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lang, C. (2024). Dreaming big with little therapy devices: Automated therapy from India. Anthropology & Medicine, 31(3), 232\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13648470.2024.2378727","journal-title":"Anthropology & Medicine"},{"key":"1524_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618866","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2021.618866","volume":"8","author":"MR Lima","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lima, M. R., Wairagkar, M., Natarajan, N., Vaitheswaran, S., & Vaidyanathan, R. (2021). Robotic telemedicine for mental health: A multimodal approach to improve human-robot engagement. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 8, 618866. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frobt.2021.618866","journal-title":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI"},{"key":"1524_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mina, A., Ghadban, E., Boutros, T., Saade, N., Fayad, L., Abi Karam, M., Breidi, S., Elias, M., Ghosh, M., El Khoury, L., Naassan, N., & Khoury, E., R (2025). AI chatbots as \u2018pocket doctors\u2019: Intimate health support for young women in Lebanon. Bmc Public Health, 25(3989). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-025-25386-1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-25386-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"1524_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.30574\/gscarr.2025.23.2.0130","volume":"23","author":"IAP Nirmani","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nirmani, I. A. P. (2025). Barriers to digital participation in developing countries: Identifying technological, social, and cultural obstacles to community involvement. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 23(2), 61\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30574\/gscarr.2025.23.2.0130","journal-title":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews"},{"issue":"10157","key":"1524_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31612-X","volume":"392","author":"V Patel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patel, V., Saxena, S., Lund, C., Thornicroft, G., Baingana, F., Bolton, P., Chisholm, D., Collins, P. Y., Cooper, J. L., Eaton, J., Herrman, H., Herzallah, M. M., Huang, Y., Jordans, M. J. D., Kleinman, A., Medina-Mora, M. E., Morgan, E., Niaz, U., Omigbodun, O., & Un\u00fctzer, J (2018). The Lancet Commission on global mental health and sustainable development. The Lancet, 392(10157), 1553\u20131598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31612-X","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"1524_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s41134-020-00147-9","volume":"6","author":"CK Sanders","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sanders, C. K., & Scanlon, E. (2021). The digital divide is a human rights issue: Advancing social inclusion through social work advocacy. Journal of Human Rights and Social Work, 6(2), 130\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41134-020-00147-9","journal-title":"Journal of Human Rights and Social Work"},{"key":"1524_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443598","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2024.1443598","volume":"6","author":"C Sinha","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sinha, C., Dinesh, D., Heaukulani, C., & Phang, Y. S. (2024). Examining a brief web and longitudinal app-based intervention [Wysa] for mental health support in Singapore during the COVID-19 pandemic: Mixed-methods retrospective observational study. Frontiers in Digital Health, 6, 1443598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fdgth.2024.1443598","journal-title":"Frontiers in Digital Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"1524_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20883","volume":"20","author":"J Torous","year":"2021","unstructured":"Torous, J., Bucci, S., Bell, I. H., Kessing, L. V., Faurholt-Jepsen, M., Whelan, P., Carvalho, A. F., Keshavan, M., Linardon, J., & Firth, J. (2021). The growing field of digital psychiatry: Current evidence and the future of apps, social media, chatbots, and virtual reality. World Psychiatry, 20(3), 318\u2013335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wps.20883","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"1524_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","volume":"169","author":"AC Tricco","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tricco, A. C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O\u2019Brien, K. K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Peters, M. D. J., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., Hempel, S., Akl, E. A., Chang, C., McGowan, J., Stewart, L., Hartling, L., Aldcroft, A., Wilson, M. G., Garritty, C., & Straus, S. E (2018). PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(7), 467\u2013473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M18-0850","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"1524_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.04.021","volume":"120","author":"TC Voo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Voo, T. C., Ballantyne, A., Ng, C. J., Cowling, B. J., Xiao, J., Phang, K. C., Kaur, S., Jenarun, G., Kumar, V., Lim, J. M., Tun, Z. M., Wong, N. C. B., & Tam, C. C. (2022). Public acceptability of COVID-19 control measures in Singapore, Hong Kong, and Malaysia: A cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 120, 51\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.04.021","journal-title":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"1524_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2538","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458219887823","volume":"26","author":"B Wingfield","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wingfield, B., Miller, S., Yogarajah, P., Kerr, D., Gardiner, B., Seneviratne, S., Samarasinghe, P., & Coleman, S. (2020). A predictive model for paediatric autism screening. Health Informatics Journal, 26(4), 2538\u20132553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1460458219887823","journal-title":"Health Informatics Journal"}],"container-title":["Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10488-026-01524-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10488-026-01524-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10488-026-01524-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T09:28:30Z","timestamp":1789118910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10488-026-01524-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["1524"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10488-026-01524-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0894-587X","1573-3289"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0894-587X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3289","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This study is a scoping review of published literature and did not involve human participants, human data, or biological material.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"AI tools were used to prepare this manuscript for language refinement across the Introduction, Methods, Discussion, and Conclusion (Claude by Anthropic; NotebookLM). Their use was limited to language editing, structural organisation, and clarity enhancement. All content was drafted, critically reviewed, revised, and approved by all authors; all intellectual content, data interpretation, synthesis, and conclusions were developed independently by the authors, who take full responsibility for the integrity, accuracy, and originality of the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Use of AI Tools","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}