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Invasion of the alien species in South Africa has mostly been reported for traditional communal grazing areas where it seemed to be rapid and, in some cases, even replaced the native species. The alien species is also assumed to already be resistant to acaricides upon invasion. The presence of\n                    <jats:italic>R.<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B.<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic>microplus<\/jats:italic>\n                    on commercial farms was therefore investigated and resistance screening of both species to field concentrations of cypermethrin, amitraz, and chlorfenvinphos was determined by means of the larval immersion test. Results showed that only 3.7% (of 383) tick collections submitted were\n                    <jats:italic>R.<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B.<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic>microplus<\/jats:italic>\n                    populations. A further 1.6% (of 383) showed co-existence of the two species. Comparing the level of resistance to the acaricides between the two species indicated a mean phenotypic resistance of 66.2 and 26.5% of\n                    <jats:italic>R.<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B.<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic>decoloratus<\/jats:italic>\n                    populations to cypermethrin and amitraz, respectively. This was significantly lower for\n                    <jats:italic>R.<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B.<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic>microplus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with 23.0 and 4.1% of its populations resistant to cypermethrin and amitraz, respectively. Closed commercial farming areas seemed to have a preventative advantage for the invasion of\n                    <jats:italic>R.<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B.<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic>microplus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and displacement of\n                    <jats:italic>R.<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B.<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic>decoloratus<\/jats:italic>\n                    by\n                    <jats:italic>R.<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B.<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic>microplus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Regular monitoring of these two species may be of high importance to prevent unnecessary financial losses due to insufficient control and increased awareness of the threat of Asiatic babesiosis vectored by\n                    <jats:italic>R.<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B.<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic>microplus.<\/jats:italic>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-023-00871-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:27:42Z","timestamp":1702945662000},"page":"135-149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Competitive displacement and acaricide resistance of two Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) species collected on commercial farms in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5624-9057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellie M. 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The clearance number allocated was 25\/2011A.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}