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A few studies have examined the role of ticks in the life cycle of\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This one includes the largest number and all stages of\n                    <jats:italic>Ixodes ricinus<\/jats:italic>\n                    collected from the widest area, covering seven recreational localities within a forest biotope in Northern Poland. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA in 2144 collected questing ticks to establish whether they may be involved in\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    life cycle. The additional goal was to genotype the detected\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , as knowledge about its genotypes occurring in European ticks is insufficient. A further purpose was to detect coinfection with\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Borreliaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the collected ticks, as all of them have previously been tested for the presence of bacteria DNA. Nested PCR and sequencing of the obtained B1 gene fragment were conducted.\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA was detected in 0.9% of all ticks (1.1% of nymphs and 0.7% of larvae). The presence of\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    in unfed larvae and nymphs may indicate the possibility of its vertical transmission. The prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA in ticks collected from individual sites was focal (0-4.3%) and seems to depend on local climatic conditions. Among all examined ticks, 0.3% were coinfected with\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Borreliella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp., vs. 0.6% of specimens with a single\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. The obtained B1 sequences showed the greatest similarity (99.71\u2013100%) to the sequence representing type III.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-024-00965-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T12:01:51Z","timestamp":1728475311000},"page":"907-917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prevalence and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks from forest areas of Northern Poland"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0247-0562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Adamska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"965_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2016.11.009","volume":"8","author":"M Adamska","year":"2017","unstructured":"Adamska M, Skotarczak B (2017) Molecular evidence for Toxoplasma Gondii in feeding and questing Ixodes ricinus ticks. 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