{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T01:18:52Z","timestamp":1782523132339,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Appl Acarol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    During ornithological research conducted at the Milicz Fishponds Nature Reserve (Barycz Valley Landscape Park, southwestern Poland) from May to July 2024, a total of 245 birds were captured. Four ticks were collected: two\n                    <jats:italic>Ixodes ricinus<\/jats:italic>\n                    larvae and two\n                    <jats:italic>Haemaphysalis concinna<\/jats:italic>\n                    nymphs. We present the first confirmed record of\n                    <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>concinna<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasitising a great reed warbler (\n                    <jats:italic>Acrocephalus arundinaceus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in Poland. Identification of\n                    <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>concinna<\/jats:italic>\n                    was based on both morphological identification keys and molecular analysis of the\n                    <jats:italic>COI<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene. This finding expands current knowledge on the biodiversity of ticks parasitising birds in Poland and highlights the need for further research on the role of migratory birds in the dispersal of ticks across Central Europe.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-025-01070-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:44:22Z","timestamp":1760971462000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ticks on migrating birds in southwestern Poland: occurrence of Ixodes ricinus and the first Polish record of Haemaphysalis concinna on birds"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Dagmara","family":"Dyczko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucyna","family":"Ha\u0142upka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Czy\u017c","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Czu\u0142owska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Kiewra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1070_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.2008.00076.x","volume":"84","author":"CM Benskin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Benskin CM, Wilson K, Jones K, Hartley IR (2009) Bacterial pathogens in wild birds: a review of the frequency and effects of infection. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 84(3):349\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-185X.2008.00076.x","journal-title":"Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"1070_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17062117","volume":"17","author":"AM Buczek","year":"2020","unstructured":"Buczek AM, Buczek W, Buczek A, Bartosik K (2020) The potential role of migratory birds in the rapid spread of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in the changing climatic and environmental conditions in Europe. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17(6):2117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17062117","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"1070_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-013-9748-9","volume":"62","author":"CY Choi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Choi CY, Kang CW, Kim EM, Lee S, Moon KH, Oh MR, Yamauchi T, Yun YM (2014) Ticks collected from migratory birds, including a new record of Haemaphysalis formosensis, on Jeju Island, Korea. Exp Appl Acarol 62(4):557\u2013566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10493-013-9748-9","journal-title":"Exp Appl Acarol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1070_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-019-00341-z","volume":"77","author":"O Ciebiera","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ciebiera O, Jerzak L, Nowak-Chmura M, Boche\u0144ski M (2019) Ticks (Acari: Ixodida) on birds (Aves) migrating through the Polish Baltic Coast. Exp Appl Acarol 77(2):241\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10493-019-00341-z","journal-title":"Exp Appl Acarol"},{"issue":"24","key":"1070_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8366","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02656-15","volume":"81","author":"EB Cohen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cohen EB, Auckland LD, Marra PP, Hamer SA (2015) Avian migrants facilitate invasions of Neotropical ticks and tick-borne pathogens into the united States. Appl Environ Microbiol 81(24):8366\u20138378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.02656-15","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"1070_CR6","unstructured":"Demongin L (2016) Identification guide to birds in the hand. Pelagic"},{"issue":"1","key":"1070_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-019-00371-7","volume":"78","author":"D Dwu\u017cnik","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dwu\u017cnik D, Mierzejewska EJ, Alsarraf M, Bajer A (2019) A new focus of the tick Haemaphysalis concinna in Western Poland. Exp Appl Acarol 78(1):93\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10493-019-00371-7","journal-title":"Exp Appl Acarol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1070_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-021-00647-x","volume":"84","author":"D Dwu\u017cnik-Szarek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dwu\u017cnik-Szarek D, Mierzejewska E, Alsarraf M, Bajer A (2021) Pathogens detected in the tick Haemaphysalis concinna in Western poland: known and unknown threats. Exp Appl Acarol 84(4):769\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10493-021-00647-x","journal-title":"Exp Appl Acarol"},{"key":"1070_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Estrada-Pe\u00f1a A, Mihalca AD, Petney T (2017) Ticks of Europe and North africa: A guide to species identification. Springer","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-63760-0"},{"key":"1070_CR10","unstructured":"Evans M (2009) Milicz Fishponds: Conservation in Action. EUCAN. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.eucan.org.uk\/docs\/200908Pl\/Marie_Evans.pdf"},{"issue":"4","key":"1070_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2017.04.013","volume":"8","author":"B Flaisz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Flaisz B, Sulyok KM, Kov\u00e1ts D, Kontsch\u00e1n J, Cs\u00f6rg\u0151 T, Csipak \u00c1, Gyuranecz M, Hornok S (2017) Babesia genotypes in Haemaphysalis concinna collected from birds in Hungary reflect phylogeographic connections with Siberia and the Far East. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 8(4):666\u2013670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2017.04.013","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"key":"1070_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2018.56.6.583","volume":"56","author":"H Gou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gou H, Xue H, Yin H, Luo J, Sun X (2018) Molecular characterization of hard ticks by cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 sequences. Korean J Parasitol 56:583\u2013588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3347\/kjp.2018.56.6.583","journal-title":"Korean J Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1070_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1080\/24750263.2024.2344630","volume":"91","author":"L Ha\u0142upka","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ha\u0142upka L, Sztwiertnia H, Klimczuk-Bereziuk E, Borowiec M, Leisler B, Czy\u017c B (2024) Alternative mating strategies in Eurasian reed warblers: extra-pair paternity and egg dumping. Eur Zool J 91(1):420\u2013426","journal-title":"Eur Zool J"},{"issue":"10","key":"1070_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1810.120511","volume":"18","author":"SA Hamer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hamer SA, Goldberg TL, Kitron UD, Brawn JD, Anderson TK, Loss SR, Walker ED, Hamer GL (2012) Wild birds and urban ecology of ticks and tick-borne pathogens, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 2005\u20132010. Emerg Infect Dis 18(10):1589\u20131595. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid1810.120511","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1070_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2017.04.013","volume":"8","author":"S Hornok","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hornok S (2017) Babesia genotypes in Haemaphysalis concinna collected from birds in Hungary reflect phylogeographic connections with Siberia and the Far East. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 8(4):666\u2013670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2017.04.013","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"key":"1070_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-128","volume":"7","author":"S Hornok","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hornok S, Kov\u00e1ts D, Cs\u00f6rg\u0151 T, Meli ML, G\u00f6nczi E, Hadnagy Z, Tak\u00e1cs N, Farkas R, Hofmann-Lehmann R (2014) Birds as potential reservoirs of tick-borne pathogens: first evidence of bacteraemia with Rickettsia helvetica. Parasites Vectors 7:128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1756-3305-7-128","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"1070_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1365-0","volume":"9","author":"S Hornok","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hornok S, Flaisz B, Tak\u00e1cs N, Kontsch\u00e1n J, Cs\u00f6rg\u0151 T, Csipak \u00c1, Jaksa B, Kov\u00e1ts D (2016) Bird ticks in Hungary reflect western, southern, Eastern flyway connections and two genetic lineages of Ixodes frontalis and Haemaphysalis concinna. Parasites Vectors 9:136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-016-1365-0","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"issue":"5","key":"1070_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1093\/JMEDENT\/33.5.766","volume":"33","author":"Z Hub\u00e1lek","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hub\u00e1lek Z, Anderson J, Halouzka J, H\u00e1jek V (1996) Borreliae in immature Ixodes ricinus (Acari:Ixodidae) ticks parasitizing birds in the Czech Republic. J Med Entomol 33(5):766\u2013771. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/JMEDENT\/33.5.766","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"issue":"33","key":"1070_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/s1438-4221(02)80015-7","volume":"291","author":"PF Humair","year":"2002","unstructured":"Humair PF (2002) Birds and borrelia. Int J Med Microbiol 291(33):70\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1438-4221(02)80015-7","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1070_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55021","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-55021-9","volume":"14","author":"G Keve","year":"2024","unstructured":"Keve G, Cs\u00f6rg\u0151 T, Kov\u00e1ts D, Hornok S (2024) Long term evaluation of factors influencing the association of Ixodid ticks with birds in central Europe, Hungary. Sci Rep 14(1):55021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-55021-9","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"1070_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-019-00344-w","volume":"77","author":"D Kiewra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kiewra D, Czu\u0142owska A, Dyczko D, Zieli\u0144ski R, Plewa-Tutaj K (2019) First record of Haemaphysalis concinna (Acari: Ixodidae) in lower Silesia, SW Poland. Exp Appl Acarol 77(3):449\u2013454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10493-019-00344-w","journal-title":"Exp Appl Acarol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1070_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.01.007","volume":"10","author":"K Klitgaard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Klitgaard K, H\u00f8jgaard J, Isbrand A, Madsen J, Thorup K, B\u00f8dker R (2019) Screening for multiple tick-borne pathogens in Ixodes ricinus ticks from birds in Denmark during spring and autumn migration seasons. Ticks Tick-borne Dis 10(3):546\u2013552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.01.007","journal-title":"Ticks Tick-borne Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1070_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3390\/v16040637","volume":"16","author":"N Kr\u00f3l","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kr\u00f3l N, Chitimia-Dobler L, Dobler G, Kiewra D, Czu\u0142owska A, Obiegala A, Zajkowska J, Juretzek T, Pfeffer M (2024) Identification of new microfoci and genetic characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus isolates from Eastern Germany and Western Poland. Viruses 16(4):637. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v16040637","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"6","key":"1070_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy096","volume":"35","author":"S Kumar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K (2018) MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol 35(6):1547\u20131549. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molbev\/msy096","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1070_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-024-06152-5","volume":"17","author":"J Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu J, Han XY, Ye RZ, Xu Q, Wang XY, Li ZH, Sun Y, Song K, Wang BY, Wang SS, Liu JY, Zhao L, Cao WC (2024) An integrated data analysis reveals distribution, hosts, and pathogen diversity of Haemaphysalis concinna. Parasites Vectors 17(1):92. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-024-06152-5","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"issue":"12","key":"1070_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4703","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4718-2","volume":"114","author":"K Meng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Meng K, Sun W, Cheng Z, Guo H, Liu J, Chai T (2015) First detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in the tick species Haemaphysalis concinna in Shandong Province, China. Parasitol Res 114(12):4703\u20134707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-015-4718-2","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1070_CR27","first-page":"125","volume":"58","author":"M Nowak-Chmura","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nowak-Chmura M, Siuda K (2012) Ticks of Poland. Review of contemporary issues and latest research. Ann Parasitol 58(3):125\u2013155","journal-title":"Ann Parasitol"},{"key":"1070_CR28","first-page":"1411","volume":"51","author":"M Nowak-Chmura","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nowak-Chmura M, Siuda K, Wegner Z, Piksa K (2012) Species diversity of ticks (Acari: Ixodida) on migrating birds on the Baltic Sea coast of Poland. Zool Stud 51:1411\u20131417","journal-title":"Zool Stud"},{"issue":"6","key":"1070_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01982-07","volume":"74","author":"NH Ogden","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ogden NH, Lindsay LR, Hanincov\u00e1 K, Barker IK, Bigras-Poulin M, Charron DF, Heagy A, Francis CM, O\u2019Callaghan CJ, Schwartz I, Thompson RA (2008) Role of migratory birds in introduction and range expansion of Ixodes scapularis ticks and of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Canada. Appl Environ Microbiol 74(6):1780\u20131790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.01982-07","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1070_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1642\/AUK-16-16.1","volume":"133","author":"G Or\u0142owski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Or\u0142owski G, Ha\u0142upka L, Pokorny P, Klimczuk E, Sztwiertnia H, Dobicki W (2016) Variation in egg size, shell thickness and metal and calcium content in eggshells and egg contents in relation to laying order and embryonic development in a small passerine bird. Auk 133(3):470\u2013483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1642\/AUK-16-16.1","journal-title":"Auk"},{"issue":"5","key":"1070_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.04.002","volume":"9","author":"F Rubel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rubel F, Brugger K, Walter M, Vogelgesang JR, Didyk YM, Fu S, Kahl O (2018) Geographical distribution, climate adaptation and vector competence of the Eurasian hard tick Haemaphysalis concinna. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 9(5):1080\u20131089. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.04.002","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"key":"1070_CR32","volume-title":"Kleszcze Polski (Acari: Ixodida). Cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 II Systematyka i Rozmieszczenie","author":"K Siuda","year":"1993","unstructured":"Siuda K (1993) Kleszcze Polski (Acari: Ixodida). Cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 II Systematyka i Rozmieszczenie. Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne, Warszawa"},{"issue":"2","key":"1070_CR33","first-page":"147","volume":"43","author":"K Siuda","year":"2006","unstructured":"Siuda K, Majszyk A, Nowak M (2006) Ticks (Acari: Ixodida) parasitizing birds (Aves) in Poland. Biol Lett 43(2):147\u2013151","journal-title":"Biol Lett"},{"key":"1070_CR34","volume-title":"Identification guide to European passerines","author":"L Svensson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Svensson L (1992) Identification guide to European passerines, 4th edn. British Trust for Ornithology, Stockholm","edition":"4"},{"key":"1070_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-023-03397-5","volume":"77","author":"K Wojczulanis-Jakubas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wojczulanis-Jakubas K, P\u0142\u00f3ciennik J, Guinebretiere A, Ha\u0142upka L (2023) Cooperative parental performance at chick provisioning in a small passerine, the Reed warbler Acrocephalus Scirpaceus. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 77:123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00265-023-03397-5","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"issue":"21","key":"1070_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192113781","volume":"19","author":"Z Zaj\u0105c","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zaj\u0105c Z, Kulisz J, Kunc-Kozio\u0142 R, Wo\u017aniak A, Filipiuk M, Rudolf R, Bartosik K, Cabezas-Cruz A (2022) Tick infestation in migratory birds of the vistula river valley, Poland. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19(21):13781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph192113781","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"1070_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.17420\/ap6503.211","volume":"65","author":"P Zi\u0119ba","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zi\u0119ba P, Nowakiewicz A, Michalski A, Wliz\u0142o-Skowronek B, Gawe\u0142 J, Niemcewicz M, Gnat S, \u0141agowski D (2019) A new locality of the Haemaphysalis concinna tick (Koch, 1844) in Poland and its role as a potential vector of infectious diseases. Ann Parasitol 65(3):281\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17420\/ap6503.211","journal-title":"Ann Parasitol"}],"container-title":["Experimental and Applied Acarology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10493-025-01070-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10493-025-01070-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10493-025-01070-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T15:55:28Z","timestamp":1765382128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10493-025-01070-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10493-025-01070-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-8162","1572-9702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-8162","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-9702","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Fieldwork in the nature reserve was conducted under the permit from Regional Inspectorate of Environmental Protection in Wroc\u0142aw, Poland (WPN.6205.36.2019.MR2). Ringing licences were issued for Lucyna Ha\u0142upka (128\/2024) and Beata Czy\u017c (68\/2024).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Ethical statement"}}],"article-number":"46"}}