{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:32:15Z","timestamp":1786980735013,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9-10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Apoptosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-025-02141-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T19:22:19Z","timestamp":1753298539000},"page":"2316-2339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Kim-1-targeted multimodal nanoprobes for early diagnosis and monitoring of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Qingjie","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianbo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxia","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2141_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30696-2","volume":"392","author":"M Cecconi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cecconi M, Evans L, Levy M, Rhodes A (2018) Sepsis and septic shock. The Lancet 392:75\u201387","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2141_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"k4891","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4891","volume":"364","author":"JT Poston","year":"2019","unstructured":"Poston JT, Koyner JL (2019) Sepsis associated acute kidney injury. BMJ 364:k4891","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2141_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3567-x","volume":"19","author":"W Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang W, Zheng Y, Feng X et al (2019) Systemic inflammatory response syndrome in Sepsis-3: a retrospective study. BMC Infect Dis 19:1\u201310","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2141_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.23876\/j.krcp.23.321","volume":"43","author":"C-Y Jung","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jung C-Y, Jung J, Lim J-H et al (2024) Association between systemic inflammation biomarkers and mortality in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury receiving intensive care and continuous kidney replacement therapy: results from the RENERGY (REsearches for NEphRology and epidemioloGY) study. Kidney Res Clin Pract 43:433\u2013443","journal-title":"Kidney Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"2141_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981578","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.981578","volume":"13","author":"F-F He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He F-F, Wang Y-M, Chen Y-Y et al (2022) Sepsis-induced AKI: from pathogenesis to therapeutic approaches. Front Pharmacol 13:981578","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2141_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.23876\/j.krcp.23.116","volume":"43","author":"J Lee","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee J, Song J, Kim SG et al (2024) Mortality associated with the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in septic acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy. Kidney Res Clin Pract 43:337\u2013347","journal-title":"Kidney Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"2141_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115183","volume":"165","author":"A Balkrishna","year":"2023","unstructured":"Balkrishna A, Sinha S, Kumar A et al (2023) Sepsis-mediated renal dysfunction: Pathophysiology, biomarkers and role of phytoconstituents in its management. Biomed Pharmacother 165:115183","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"2141_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2963","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.71064","volume":"12","author":"Z Xiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xiao Z, Huang Q, Yang Y et al (2022) Emerging early diagnostic methods for acute kidney injury. Theranostics 12:2963\u20132986","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"2141_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960059","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.960059","volume":"13","author":"C Zou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zou C, Wang C, Lu L (2022) Advances in the study of subclinical AKI biomarkers. Front Physiol 13:960059","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2141_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12050931","volume":"12","author":"GS Ferreira","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ferreira GS, Frota ML, Gonzaga MJD et al (2024) The role of biomarkers in diagnosis of sepsis and acute kidney injury. Biomedicines 12:931","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2141_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plabm.2022.e00276","volume":"30","author":"Y Gorelik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gorelik Y, Abassi Z, Bloch-Isenberg N et al (2022) Changing serum creatinine in the detection of acute renal failure and recovery following radiocontrast studies among acutely ill inpatients: reviewing insights regarding renal functional reserve gained by large-data analysis. Pract Lab Med 30:e00276","journal-title":"Pract Lab Med"},{"key":"2141_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1159\/000533173","volume":"52","author":"S De Rosa","year":"2023","unstructured":"De Rosa S, Greco M, Rauseo M, Annetta MG (2023) The good, the bad, and the serum creatinine: exploring the effect of muscle mass and nutrition. Blood Purif 52:775\u2013785","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"2141_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.04.016","volume":"78","author":"LA Inker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Inker LA, Titan S (2021) Measurement and estimation of GFR for use in clinical practice: core curriculum 2021. Am J Kidney Dis 78:736\u2013749","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2141_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14111192","volume":"14","author":"X Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang X, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Deng Q (2024) Value of ultrasound super-resolution imaging for the assessment of renal microcirculation in patients with acute kidney injury: a preliminary study. Diagnostics 14:1192","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"2141_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F351","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00416.2018","volume":"316","author":"JR Privratsky","year":"2019","unstructured":"Privratsky JR, Wang N, Qi Y et al (2019) Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI promotes early detection of toxin-induced acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 316:F351\u2013F359","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"2141_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019192094","volume":"294","author":"MS Davenport","year":"2020","unstructured":"Davenport MS, Perazella MA, Yee J et al (2020) Use of intravenous iodinated contrast media in patients with kidney disease: consensus statements from the American College of Radiology and the National Kidney Foundation. Radiology 294:660\u2013668","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2141_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-022-00313-x","volume":"9","author":"R Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh R, Sharma A, Saji J et al (2022) Smart nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Nano Conver 9:21","journal-title":"Nano Conver"},{"key":"2141_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.3390\/nano13071247","volume":"13","author":"LN Thwala","year":"2023","unstructured":"Thwala LN, Ndlovu SC, Mpofu KT et al (2023) Nanotechnology-based diagnostics for diseases prevalent in developing countries: current advances in point-of-care tests. Nanomaterials 13:1247","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"2141_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1039\/c3nr34005h","volume":"5","author":"S Jiang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jiang S, Win KY, Liu S et al (2013) Surface-functionalized nanoparticles for biosensing and imaging-guided therapeutics. Nanoscale 5:3127","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"2141_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202400100","DOI":"10.1002\/tcr.202400100","volume":"24","author":"Y Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu Y, Wei Z (2024) Multichannel lanthanide-doped nanoprobes for serodiagnosis and therapy. Chem Record 24:e202400100","journal-title":"Chem Record"},{"key":"2141_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02516-2","volume":"22","author":"C Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen C, Huang B, Zhang R et al (2024) Surface ligand-regulated renal clearance of MRI\/SPECT dual-modality nanoprobes for tumor imaging. J Nanobiotechnol 22:245","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"2141_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6210","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.26610","volume":"8","author":"C-T Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang C-T, Ghosh KK, Padmanabhan P et al (2018) PET-MR and SPECT-MR multimodality probes: development and challenges. Theranostics 8:6210\u20136232","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"2141_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.18383\/j.tom.2016.00121","volume":"2","author":"D Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen D, Dougherty CA, Yang D et al (2016) Radioactive nanomaterials for multimodality imaging. Tomography 2:3\u201316","journal-title":"Tomography"},{"key":"2141_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfad071","volume":"16","author":"B Brilland","year":"2023","unstructured":"Brilland B, Boudhors C, Wacrenier S et al (2023) Kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1): a potential biomarker of acute kidney injury and tubulointerstitial injury in patients with ANCA-glomerulonephritis. Clin Kidney J 16:1521\u20131533","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2141_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F517","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00291.2005","volume":"290","author":"VS Vaidya","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vaidya VS, Ramirez V, Ichimura T et al (2006) Urinary kidney injury molecule-1: a sensitive quantitative biomarker for early detection of kidney tubular injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 290:F517\u2013F529","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"2141_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5238","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20205238","volume":"20","author":"DM Tanase","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tanase DM, Gosav EM, Radu S et al (2019) The predictive role of the biomarker kidney molecule-1 (KIM-1) in acute kidney injury (AKI) cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. IJMS 20:5238","journal-title":"IJMS"},{"key":"2141_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-021-02055-2","volume":"25","author":"D Katagiri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Katagiri D, Wang F, Gore JC et al (2021) Clinical and experimental approaches for imaging of acute kidney injury. Clin Exp Nephrol 25:685\u2013699","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"2141_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2018.214","volume":"51","author":"MdE Haque","year":"2019","unstructured":"Haque MdE, Khan F, Chi L et al (2019) A phage display-identified peptide selectively binds to kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and detects KIM-1-overexpressing tumors in vivo. Cancer Res Treat 51:861\u2013875","journal-title":"Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"2141_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-020-00755-7","volume":"19","author":"D-Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang D-Y, Liu H, Zhu KS et al (2021) Prussian blue-based theranostics for ameliorating acute kidney injury. J Nanobiotechnol 19:1\u201314","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"2141_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2017.09.011","volume":"34","author":"Y Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu Y, Hardie J, Zhang X, Rotello VM (2017) Effects of engineered nanoparticles on the innate immune system. Semin Immunol 34:25\u201332","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"2141_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119619","volume":"230","author":"Y Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Y, Yan J, Wen N et al (2020) Metal-organic frameworks for stimuli-responsive drug delivery. Biomaterials 230:119619","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2141_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-4793","volume":"10","author":"S Xia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xia S, Zhang M, Liu H et al (2022) Heme oxygenase-1 as a predictor of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury: a cross-sectional study. Ann Transl Med 10:1177\u20131177","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"2141_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"BSR20220093","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20220093","volume":"42","author":"FRMB Oliveira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oliveira FRMB, Assreuy J, Sordi R (2022) The role of nitric oxide in sepsis-associated kidney injury. Biosci Rep 42:BSR20220093","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"key":"2141_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfad142","volume":"39","author":"A Zarbock","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zarbock A, Koyner JL, Gomez H et al (2023) Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury\u2014treatment standard. Nephrol Dial Transpl 39:26\u201335","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"2141_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plabm.2022.e00272","volume":"30","author":"D Hasson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hasson D, Menon S, Gist KM (2022) Improving acute kidney injury diagnostic precision using biomarkers. Pract Lab Med 30:e00272","journal-title":"Pract Lab Med"},{"key":"2141_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.14181021","volume":"17","author":"BC Birkelo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Birkelo BC, Pannu N, Siew ED (2022) Overview of diagnostic criteria and epidemiology of acute kidney injury and acute kidney disease in the critically ill patient. CJASN 17:717\u2013735","journal-title":"CJASN"},{"key":"2141_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00284-z","volume":"7","author":"JA Kellum","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kellum JA, Romagnani P, Ashuntantang G et al (2021) Acute kidney injury. Nat Rev Dis Prim 7:52","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Prim"},{"key":"2141_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58030340","volume":"58","author":"S-Y Yoon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yoon S-Y, Kim J-S, Jeong K-H, Kim S-K (2022) Acute Kidney injury: biomarker-guided diagnosis and management. Medicina 58:340","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"2141_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-022-00654-7","volume":"27","author":"Y Pei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pei Y, Zhou G, Wang P et al (2022) Serum cystatin C, kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, klotho and fibroblast growth factor-23 in the early prediction of acute kidney injury associated with sepsis in a Chinese emergency cohort study. Eur J Med Res 27:39","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"2141_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20220700","DOI":"10.1515\/biol-2022-0700","volume":"18","author":"W Wei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wei W, Zhao Y, Zhang Y et al (2023) The early diagnosis and pathogenic mechanisms of sepsis-related acute kidney injury. Open Life Sci 18:20220700","journal-title":"Open Life Sci"},{"key":"2141_CR41","first-page":"1","volume":"2018","author":"K Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang K, Xie S, Xiao K et al (2018) Biomarkers of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Biomed Res Int 2018:1\u20137","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"2141_CR42","first-page":"1","volume":"2018","author":"M Wu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wu M, Shu J (2018) Multimodal molecular imaging: current status and future directions. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2018:1\u201312","journal-title":"Contrast Media Mol Imaging"},{"key":"2141_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8465","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S336299","volume":"16","author":"A Kastelik-Hryniewiecka","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kastelik-Hryniewiecka A, Jewula P, Bakalorz K et al (2022) Targeted PET\/MRI imaging super probes: a critical review of opportunities and challenges. IJN 16:8465\u20138483","journal-title":"IJN"},{"key":"2141_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.109.061853","volume":"51","author":"BJ Pichler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pichler BJ, Kolb A, N\u00e4gele T, Schlemmer H-P (2010) PET\/MRI: paving the way for the next generation of clinical multimodality imaging applications. J Nucl Med 51:333\u2013336","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"2141_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CS00497F","volume":"52","author":"S Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li S, Wei J, Yao Q et al (2023) Emerging ultrasmall luminescent nanoprobes forin vivobioimaging. Chem Soc Rev 52:1672\u20131696","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"key":"2141_CR46","first-page":"206","volume":"37","author":"S Shang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shang S, Li X, Wang H et al (2024) Targeted therapy of kidney disease with nanoparticle drug delivery materials. Bioact Mater 37:206\u2013221","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"key":"2141_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2017.09.013","volume":"49","author":"A Alipour","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alipour A, Soran-Erdem Z, Utkur M et al (2018) A new class of cubic SPIONs as a dual-mode T1 and T2 contrast agent for MRI. Magn Reson Imaging 49:16\u201324","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"2141_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-016-0064-z","volume":"3","author":"PN Navya","year":"2016","unstructured":"Navya PN, Daima HK (2016) Rational engineering of physicochemical properties of nanomaterials for biomedical applications with nanotoxicological perspectives. Nano Converg 3:1\u201314","journal-title":"Nano Converg"},{"key":"2141_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01759-1","volume":"21","author":"P Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang P, Cui Y, Wang J et al (2023) Dual-stimuli responsive smart nanoprobe for precise diagnosis and synergistic multi-modalities therapy of superficial squamous cell carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnol 21:4","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"}],"container-title":["Apoptosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10495-025-02141-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10495-025-02141-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10495-025-02141-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T20:03:20Z","timestamp":1758917000000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10495-025-02141-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9-10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2141"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10495-025-02141-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-8185","1573-675X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-8185","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-675X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 June 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 July 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}