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The degree of misreporting is correlated with the level of social desirability, i.e., the need to respond in a culturally appropriate manner. People who are influenced by social desirability tend to over-report culturally desired behaviors and under-report undesired behaviors. This paper reviews socially desirable responding in sexual behavior research. Given the very private nature of the sexual activity, sex researchers generally lack a gold standard by which to compare self-reported sexual behaviors and have relied on the anonymity of participants as the methodology to assure honest answers on sexual behavior surveys. However, indirect evidence indicates that under-reporting (e.g., of a number of sexual partners, receptive anal intercourse, condom use) is common. Among the general population, several studies have now reported that even with anonymous responding, there are significant correlations between a variety of self-reported sexual behaviors (e.g., use of condoms, sexual fantasies, exposure to pornography, penis size) and social desirability, with evidence that extreme under- or over-reporting is as common as is found in other fields. When asking highly sensitive questions, sex researchers should always include a measure of social desirability and take that into account when analyzing their results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-021-02197-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T11:02:30Z","timestamp":1644490950000},"page":"1495-1501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":151,"title":["The Influence of Social Desirability on Sexual Behavior Surveys: A Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2206-1280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruce M.","family":"King","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2197_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1080\/00224490309552164","volume":"40","author":"MG Alexander","year":"2003","unstructured":"Alexander, M. 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