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We conducted secondary analyses of data from five consecutive years of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG; 2015\u20132019), where two large national half-samples were randomly assigned to receive one of two different versions of a question about sexual identity (a four-category version that included a \u201csomething else\u201d response option or a three-category version omitting this option). We focused on national estimates of differences between subgroups defined by sexual identity. Multivariable models indicated that the estimated subgroup differences changed in a statistically significant fashion when using the four-category version of the sexual identity question for several measures, including 16% of male measures (household size, past-year cigarette use, and past-year illicit drug use) and 15% of female measures (wanting a\/another child, ever had a sexually transmitted disease, and past-year marijuana use). The absence of a \u201csomething else\u201d response option for questions about sexual identity in national health surveys may cause respondents to select options that do not accurately describe their identities, and this can have a significant effect on national estimates of differences between sexual identity subgroups in terms of selected health outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-023-02710-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T19:01:33Z","timestamp":1697655693000},"page":"107-126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["How a \u201cSomething Else\u201d Response Option for Sexual Identity Affects National Survey Estimates of Associations Between Sexual Identity, Reproductive Health, and Substance Use"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0160-1388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brady T.","family":"West","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4791-8567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Curtiss W.","family":"Engstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3655-0496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ty S.","family":"Schepis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilmul J.","family":"Tani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9622-4652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean Esteban","family":"McCabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2710_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1556-6676.2015.00199.x","volume":"93","author":"O Amola","year":"2015","unstructured":"Amola, O., & Grimmett, M. 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