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The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of persons with repeated bacterial STI and to determine the risk factors for these episodes in persons living in Barcelona during the period 2007\u20132018. We studied all cases of bacterial STI included in the STI registry of Barcelona. Repeated STI were defined as a diagnosis of gonorrhea, syphilis, or lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) after a first episode of one of these infections. Analysis was stratified by sex and place of birth. The factors associated with time to reinfection were determined by Kaplan\u2013Meier estimates, while the factors associated with risk of infection were determined by a Cox proportional hazards model. Of 9927 persons with a diagnosis of bacterial STI, 1690 (17.0%) had at least two episodes of STI during the study period. On multivariate analysis, repeat STI were independently associated with male sex assigned at birth (HR: 3.45; 95%CI 2.22\u20135.36), age less than 34\u00a0years (HR: 1.22; 95%CI 1.10\u20131.35); gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men, and transgender o transsexual woman (GBSMS\/Trans) (HR: 4.03; 95%CI 3.24\u20135.03), having gonorrhea as first diagnosis (HR:1.49, 95%CI 1.34\u20131.66) or LGV (HR:1.75; 95%CI 1.47\u20132.08) and coinfection with HIV (HR:1.98; 95%CI 1.78\u20132.21). Sexual health programs should be strengthened to prevent STI and reinfection in key populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-023-02711-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T20:41:11Z","timestamp":1698180071000},"page":"735-744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Epidemiological Characteristics and Factors Associated with Repeat Sexually Transmitted Infections in Barcelona, Spain Over a Decade"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8506-780X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constanza","family":"Jacques-Avi\u00f1\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2157-9923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Alarc\u00f3n Guiti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Jes\u00fas","family":"Barbera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Fuertes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Martin-Ezquerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Lopez-Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Vives","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Ros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Rius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia Garcia","family":"de Olalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2711_CR29","unstructured":"Ag\u00e8ncia de Salut P\u00fablica de Barcelona. 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Patients were not directly involved in this study, as we used data only from notifiable disease registration. To guarantee the confidentiality of the data and records, we adhered to the regulations established by Spanish Organic Law 15\/1999 on the Protection of Personal Data, and to the Ethical Principles for Human Research defined by the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki, revised and updated by the World Medical Organization (Edinburgh 2000)0.43\/I).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and Informed consent"}}]}}