{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T21:22:06Z","timestamp":1785187326405,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738972800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TL1TR003019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TL1TR003019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["265240, 263278, 308248, 312073 and 352792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["265240, 263278, 308248, 312073 and 352792"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>This paper provides an overview of the most recent assessment, collected in early midlife, of the FinnTwin12 cohort, a population-based study of Finnish twins born in 1983\u20131987. The twins were invited to complete an online survey assessing a range of variables, including physical and mental health, alcohol use and problems, other substance use, and early midlife environments (e.g., parenthood). In total, 2,085 individuals (~\u200940% of the original sample) completed the survey (551 complete twin pairs, 58.7% female, 37.3% monozygotic, M<jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub> = 37.2 years, SD\u2009=\u20091.47 years, age range\u2009=\u200934\u201339 years). Individuals who participated were more likely to be female, monozygotic, and have higher parental education and less hyperactivity\/impulsivity and aggression at age 12 when compared to individuals who were invited but did not participate. Parental alcohol misuse and the twins\u2019 alcohol use and misuse at age 14 were not related to study retention. Alcohol misuse in early midlife was positively associated with nicotine dependence, lifetime use of cannabis and other drugs, trauma exposure, and depressive symptoms, and negatively associated with physical health and having biological children. These new data expand upon the wealth of measures collected as part of previous assessments, expanding the scope of work on the etiology and correlates of alcohol misuse within a longitudinal, genetically-informed framework. In addition to these new survey measures, we are planning an in-person assessment to collect physiological measurements and conduct additional in-depth phenotyping on a subset of twins who have been more intensively studied over the years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-024-10212-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T03:30:22Z","timestamp":1738985422000},"page":"124-140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Alcohol use in Early Midlife: Findings from the Age 37 Follow-Up Assessment of the FinnTwin12 Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Megan E.","family":"Cooke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Lumpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mallory","family":"Stephenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mia","family":"Urjansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fazil","family":"Aliev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teemu","family":"Palviainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Brislin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarit","family":"Piirtola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Rabinowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Latvala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter B.","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eero","family":"Vuoksimaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermine H. M.","family":"Maes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Viken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaakko","family":"Kaprio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle M.","family":"Dick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sari","family":"Aaltonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica E.","family":"Salvatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"10212_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1177\/140349489702500303","volume":"25","author":"M Aarnio","year":"1997","unstructured":"Aarnio M, Kujala UM, Kaprio J (1997) Associations of health-related behaviors, school type and health status to physical activity patterns in 16 year old boys and girls. Scand J Soc Med 25:156\u2013167","journal-title":"Scand J Soc Med"},{"key":"10212_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berg N, Piirtola M, Marttunen M et al (2024) The concurrent development of psychological distress, heavy episodic drinking, and daily smoking from adolescence to midlife in two cohorts. Public and Global Health","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.03.06.24303863"},{"key":"10212_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.031","volume":"149","author":"C Blanco","year":"2015","unstructured":"Blanco C, Iza M, Rodr\u00edguez-Fern\u00e1ndez JM et al (2015) Probability and predictors of treatment-seeking for substance use disorders in the U.S. Drug Alcohol Depend 149:136\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.031","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10212_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1080\/08897070109511444","volume":"22","author":"K Bloomfield","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bloomfield K, Gmel G, Neve R, Mustonen H (2001) Investigating gender convergence in alcohol consumption in Finland, Germany, the Netherlands, and Switzerland: a repeated survey analysis. Subst Abus 22:39\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08897070109511444","journal-title":"Subst Abus"},{"key":"10212_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1982.04290100059010","volume":"39","author":"JH Boyd","year":"1982","unstructured":"Boyd JH, Weissman MM, Thompson WD, Myers JK (1982) Screening for depression in a community sample. Understanding the discrepancies between depression symptom and diagnostic scales. Arch Gen Psychiatry 39:1195\u20131200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpsyc.1982.04290100059010","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10212_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-1971(03)00011-3","volume":"26","author":"A Boys","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boys A, Marsden J, Stillwell G et al (2003) Minimizing respondent attrition in longitudinal research: practical implications from a cohort study of adolescent drinking. J Adolesc 26:363\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-1971(03)00011-3","journal-title":"J Adolesc"},{"key":"10212_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-017-0016-0","volume":"9","author":"R Briggs","year":"2018","unstructured":"Briggs R, Carey D, O\u2019Halloran AM et al (2018) Validation of the 8-item centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale in a cohort of community-dwelling older people: data from the Irish longitudinal study on Ageing (TILDA). Eur Geriatr Med 9:121\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41999-017-0016-0","journal-title":"Eur Geriatr Med"},{"key":"10212_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1994.55.149","volume":"55","author":"KK Bucholz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bucholz KK, Cadoret R, Cloninger CR et al (1994) A new, semi-structured psychiatric interview for use in genetic linkage studies: a report on the reliability of the SSAGA. J Stud Alcohol 55:149\u2013158","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol"},{"key":"10212_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01247.x","volume":"34","author":"TMM Button","year":"2010","unstructured":"Button TMM, Hewitt JK, Rhee SH et al (2010) The moderating effect of religiosity on the genetic variance of problem alcohol use. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 34:1619\u20131624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01247.x","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10212_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12748","volume":"39","author":"DM Capaldi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Capaldi DM, Tiberio SS, Washburn IJ et al (2015) Growth, persistence, and desistance of alcohol use for at-risk men in their 30s. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 39:1203\u20131211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.12748","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10212_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022294","volume":"23","author":"EB Carlson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Carlson EB, Smith SR, Palmieri PA et al (2011) Development and validation of a brief self-report measure of trauma exposure: the Trauma history screen. Psychol Assess 23:463\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0022294","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"10212_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2938","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx364","volume":"33","author":"JR Conway","year":"2017","unstructured":"Conway JR, Lex A, Gehlenborg N (2017) UpSetR: an R package for the visualization of intersecting sets and their properties. Bioinformatics 33:2938\u20132940. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx364","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10212_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2015.56","volume":"18","author":"ME Cooke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cooke ME, Meyers JL, Latvala A et al (2015) Gene-environment interaction effects of peer deviance, parental knowledge and stressful life events on adolescent alcohol use. Twin Res Hum Genet 18:507\u2013517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/thg.2015.56","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10212_CR14","unstructured":"Croissant Y (2021) pglm: Panel Generalized Linear Models"},{"key":"10212_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v027.i02","volume":"27","author":"Y Croissant","year":"2008","unstructured":"Croissant Y, Millo G (2008) Panel data econometrics in R: the plm package. J Stat Softw 27:1\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v027.i02","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"10212_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301252","volume":"103","author":"BM D\u2019Onofrio","year":"2013","unstructured":"D\u2019Onofrio BM, Lahey BB, Turkheimer E, Lichtenstein P (2013) Critical need for family-based, quasi-experimental designs in integrating genetic and social science research. Am J Public Health 103:S46\u2013S55. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301252","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10212_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102491","volume":"85","author":"MR Davies","year":"2022","unstructured":"Davies MR, Buckman JEJ, Adey BN et al (2022) Comparison of symptom-based versus self-reported diagnostic measures of anxiety and depression disorders in the GLAD and COPING cohorts. J Anxiety Disord 85:102491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102491","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"10212_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2007.00536.x","volume":"31","author":"DA Dawson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dawson DA, Goldstein RB, Grant BF (2007) Rates and correlates of relapse among individuals in remission from DSM-IV alcohol dependence: a 3-year follow-up. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 31:2036\u20132045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2007.00536.x","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10212_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.10.2.315","volume":"10","author":"DM Dick","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dick DM, Pagan JL, Viken R et al (2007) Changing environmental influences on substance use across development. Twin Res Hum Genet 10:315\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1375\/twin.10.2.315","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10212_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa4901_13","volume":"49","author":"E Diener","year":"1985","unstructured":"Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsen RJ, Griffin S (1985) The satisfaction with Life Scale. J Pers Assess 49:71\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15327752jpa4901_13","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"key":"10212_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-015-0040-x","volume":"16","author":"K Eloranta","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eloranta K, Auvinen A (2015) Population attitudes towards research use of health care registries: a population-based survey in Finland. BMC Med Ethics 16:48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12910-015-0040-x","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics"},{"key":"10212_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntr137","volume":"14","author":"K Fagerstr\u00f6m","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fagerstr\u00f6m K (2012) Determinants of tobacco use and renaming the FTND to the Fagerstrom test for cigarette dependence. Nicotine Tob Res 14:75\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntr137","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"10212_CR24","unstructured":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare The adult population\u2019s well-being, health, and services - FinSote"},{"key":"10212_CR23","unstructured":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (2022) Proportion of excessive alcohol users (AUDIT-C). https:\/\/repo.thl.fi\/sites\/tervesuomi\/kyselyosuus_2022\/ath_alco.html. Accessed 19 Jan 2024"},{"key":"10212_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31825fa230","volume":"23","author":"T Frisell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Frisell T, \u00d6berg S, Kuja-Halkola R, Sj\u00f6lander A (2012) Sibling comparison designs: Bias from non-shared confounders and measurement error. Epidemiology 23:713\u2013720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31825fa230","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10212_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0584","volume":"72","author":"BF Grant","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grant BF, Goldstein RB, Saha TD et al (2015) Epidemiology of DSM-5 alcohol use disorder: results from the national epidemiologic survey on Alcohol and related conditions III. JAMA Psychiatry 72:757\u2013766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0584","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10212_CR27","unstructured":"Hakkarainen P, Karjalainen K, Tigerstedt C (2018) Miss\u00e4 m\u00e4\u00e4rin ja kuinka usein alkoholia, huumeita ja l\u00e4\u00e4kkeit\u00e4 k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n yhdess\u00e4? [How prevalent and frequent is the combined use of alcohol, illicit drugs and prescription drugs?]. N\u00e4in Suomi juo\u2013 suomalaisten muuttuvat alkoholink\u00e4ytt\u00f6tavat [This is how finns drink]. Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, pp 89\u201397"},{"key":"10212_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-008-9202-7","volume":"38","author":"KP Harden","year":"2008","unstructured":"Harden KP, Hill JE, Turkheimer E, Emery RE (2008) Gene-environment correlation and interaction in peer effects on adolescent alcohol and tobacco use. Behav Genet 38:339\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10519-008-9202-7","journal-title":"Behav Genet"},{"key":"10212_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.8656","volume":"329","author":"E Harris","year":"2023","unstructured":"Harris E (2023) WHO declares end of COVID-19 Global Health Emergency. JAMA 329:1817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2023.8656","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10212_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x","volume":"86","author":"TF Heatherton","year":"1991","unstructured":"Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, Fagerstr\u00f6m KO (1991) The Fagerstr\u00f6m Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstr\u00f6m Tolerance Questionnaire. Br J Addict 86:1119\u20131127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x","journal-title":"Br J Addict"},{"key":"10212_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415001157","volume":"28","author":"JM Jester","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jester JM, Buu A, Zucker RA (2016) Longitudinal phenotypes for alcoholism: heterogeneity of course, early identifiers, and life course correlates. Dev Psychopathol 28:1531\u20131546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954579415001157","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"10212_CR32","unstructured":"Johns Hopkins University (2020) COVID-19 Community Response Survey"},{"key":"10212_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.05.013","volume":"69","author":"M Jylh\u00e4","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jylh\u00e4 M (2009) What is self-rated health and why does it predict mortality? Towards a unified conceptual model. Soc Sci Med 69:307\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.05.013","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10212_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2019.100933","volume":"15","author":"S Kaartinen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaartinen S, Aaltonen S, Korhonen T et al (2019) Is diversity of leisure-time sport activities associated with low back and neck-shoulder region pain? A Finnish twin cohort study. Prev Med Rep 15:100933","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"10212_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2019.106","volume":"22","author":"M Kaidesoja","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaidesoja M, Aaltonen S, Bogl LH et al (2019) FinnTwin16: a longitudinal study from age 16 of a population-based Finnish twin cohort. Twin Res Hum Genet 22:530\u2013539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/thg.2019.106","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10212_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1375\/183242706779462778","volume":"9","author":"J Kaprio","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kaprio J (2006) Twin studies in Finland 2006. Twin Res Hum Genet 9:772\u2013777. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1375\/183242706779462778","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10212_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2012.142","volume":"16","author":"J Kaprio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kaprio J (2013) The Finnish twin cohort study: an update. Twin Res Hum Genet 16:157\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/thg.2012.142","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10212_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1375\/136905202320906101","volume":"5","author":"J Kaprio","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kaprio J, Pulkkinen L, Rose RJ (2002) Genetic and environmental factors in health-related behaviors: studies on Finnish twins and twin families. Twin Res 5:366\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1375\/136905202320906101","journal-title":"Twin Res"},{"key":"10212_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2023.104802","volume":"132","author":"S Karreinen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Karreinen S, Rautiainen P, Keskim\u00e4ki I et al (2023) Pandemic preparedness and response regulations in Finland: experiences and implications for post-COVID-19 reforms. Health Policy 132:104802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healthpol.2023.104802","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"10212_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291706009524","volume":"37","author":"KS Kendler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kendler KS, Baker JH (2007) Genetic influences on measures of the environment: a systematic review. Psychol Med 37:615\u2013626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291706009524","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10212_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.9.929","volume":"60","author":"KS Kendler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kendler KS, Prescott CA, Myers J, Neale MC (2003) The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for common psychiatric and substance use disorders in men and women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60:929\u2013937. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpsyc.60.9.929","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10212_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.65.6.674","volume":"65","author":"KS Kendler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kendler KS, Schmitt E, Aggen SH, Prescott CA (2008) Genetic and environmental influences on alcohol, caffeine, cannabis, and nicotine use from early adolescence to middle adulthood. Arch Gen Psychiatry 65:674\u2013682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpsyc.65.6.674","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10212_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171000190X","volume":"41","author":"KS Kendler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kendler KS, Gardner C, Dick DM (2011) Predicting alcohol consumption in adolescence from alcohol-specific and general externalizing genetic risk factors, key environmental exposures and their interaction. Psychol Med 41:1507\u20131516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S003329171000190X","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10212_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1982.tb02459.x","volume":"77","author":"H Kristenson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kristenson H, Trell E (1982) Indicators of alcohol consumption: comparisons between a questionnaire (Mm-MAST), interviews and Serum Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) in a health survey of middle-aged males. Br J Addict 77:297\u2013304","journal-title":"Br J Addict"},{"key":"10212_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843x.111.3.411","volume":"111","author":"RF Krueger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Krueger RF, Hicks BM, Patrick CJ et al (2002) Etiologic connections among substance dependence, antisocial behavior, and personality: modeling the externalizing spectrum. J Abnorm Psychol 111:411\u2013424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0021-843x.111.3.411","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"10212_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2010.191","volume":"165","author":"E Kuntsche","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kuntsche E, Kuntsche S, Knibbe R et al (2011) Cultural and gender convergence in adolescent drunkenness: evidence from 23 European and north American countries. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 165:152\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpediatrics.2010.191","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"10212_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1080\/15427609.2015.1068048","volume":"12","author":"ME Lachman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lachman ME (2015) Mind the gap in the middle: a call to study midlife. Res Hum Dev 12:327\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15427609.2015.1068048","journal-title":"Res Hum Dev"},{"key":"10212_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721410383977","volume":"19","author":"BB Lahey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lahey BB, D\u2019Onofrio BM (2010) All in the family: comparing siblings to test causal hypotheses regarding environmental influences on behavior. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 19:319\u2013323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0963721410383977","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"key":"10212_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.304","volume":"20","author":"HR Lajunen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lajunen HR, Kaprio J, Rose RJ et al (2012) Genetic and environmental influences on BMI from late childhood to adolescence are modified by parental education. Obes (Silver Spring) 20:583\u2013589","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"10212_CR51","first-page":"31","volume":"39","author":"MR Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee MR, Sher KJ (2018) Maturing out of binge and problem drinking. Alcohol Res 39:31\u201342","journal-title":"Alcohol Res"},{"key":"10212_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.08.028","volume":"121","author":"JO Lee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lee JO, Hill KG, Guttmannova K et al (2012) The effects of general and alcohol-specific peer factors in adolescence on trajectories of alcohol abuse disorder symptoms from 21 to 33 years. Drug Alcohol Depend 121:213\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.08.028","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10212_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2014.2346248","volume":"20","author":"A Lex","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lex A, Gehlenborg N, Strobelt H et al (2014) UpSet: visualization of intersecting sets. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 20:1983\u20131992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TVCG.2014.2346248","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph"},{"key":"10212_CR53","unstructured":"Lintonen T, Nevalainen J, Latvala T (2018) Miten alkoholin riskik\u00e4ytt\u00f6, muiden p\u00e4ihteiden ja tupakkatuotteiden k\u00e4ytt\u00f6 sek\u00e4 rahapelaaminen liittyv\u00e4t toisiinsa? [How are risky drinking, smoking, use of other substances and gambling connected?]. N\u00e4in Suomi juo \u2013 suomalaisten muuttuvat alkoholink\u00e4ytt\u00f6tavat [This is how finns drink]. Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, pp 78\u201388"},{"key":"10212_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lumpe E, Pascale A, Stephenson M et al (2024) Etiology and correlates of Alcohol Use and Misuse in early midlife. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31219\/osf.io\/xuwqd","DOI":"10.31219\/osf.io\/xuwqd"},{"key":"10212_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2012.00479.x","volume":"31","author":"P M\u00e4kel\u00e4","year":"2012","unstructured":"M\u00e4kel\u00e4 P, Tigerstedt C, Mustonen H (2012) The Finnish drinking culture: change and continuity in the past 40 years. Drug Alcohol Rev 31:831\u2013840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2012.00479.x","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"10212_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00810.x","volume":"33","author":"NR Marmorstein","year":"2009","unstructured":"Marmorstein NR (2009) Longitudinal associations between alcohol problems and depressive symptoms: early adolescence through early adulthood. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 33:49\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00810.x","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10212_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579413000175","volume":"25","author":"MH Meier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Meier MH, Caspi A, Houts R et al (2013) Prospective developmental subtypes of alcohol dependence from age 18 to 32 years: implications for nosology, etiology, and intervention. Dev Psychopathol 25:785\u2013800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954579413000175","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"10212_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02178.x","volume":"103","author":"A Merline","year":"2008","unstructured":"Merline A, Jager J, Schulenberg JE (2008) Adolescent risk factors for adult alcohol use and abuse: Stability and change of predictive value across early and middle adulthood. Addiction 103:84\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02178.x","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10212_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200102)44:2<481::AID-ANR68>3.0.CO;2-X","volume":"44","author":"M Mikkelsson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mikkelsson M, Kaprio J, Salminen JJ et al (2001) Widespread pain among 11-year-old Finnish twin pairs. Arthritis Rheum 44:481\u2013485","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10212_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-015-0072-4","volume":"15","author":"JS Mindell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mindell JS, Giampaoli S, Goesswald A et al (2015) Sample selection, recruitment and participation rates in health examination surveys in Europe\u2013 experience from seven national surveys. BMC Med Res Methodol 15:78. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-015-0072-4","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10212_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597902","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2020.597902","volume":"14","author":"KB Nooner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nooner KB, Chung T, Feldstein Ewing SW et al (2020) Retaining adolescent and young adult participants in research during a pandemic: best practices from two large-scale developmental neuroimaging studies (NCANDA and ABCD). Front Behav Neurosci 14:597902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnbeh.2020.597902","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10212_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1080\/03630242.2021.1917482","volume":"61","author":"CA Nwaru","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nwaru CA, Lovestad S, Gunnarsdottir H et al (2021) Determinants of non-response in a longitudinal study of participants in the women and Alcohol in Gothenburg project. Women Health 61:452\u2013460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03630242.2021.1917482","journal-title":"Women Health"},{"key":"10212_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/health_glance_eur-2018-en","volume-title":"Health at a glance: Europe 2018: state of Health in the EU cycle","author":"OECD","year":"2018","unstructured":"OECD (2018) Health at a glance: Europe 2018: state of Health in the EU cycle. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris"},{"key":"10212_CR65","unstructured":"Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2019) Finland\u2019s mental health challenge. In: OECD. https:\/\/www.oecd-ilibrary.org\/economics\/finland-s-mental-health-challenge_7d8fd88e-en;jsessionid=Sf8XXIbafGSQLFr2O4Z11nSgxcsY_UAdLVvB6l1S.ip-10-240-5-78. Accessed 15 Dec 2023"},{"key":"10212_CR64","unstructured":"Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD Better Life Index Finland. In: OECD. https:\/\/www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org\/countries\/finland\/#:~:text=Finland%20performs%20well%20in%20many,based%20on%20available%20selected%20data. Accessed 15 Dec 2023"},{"key":"10212_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.1995.tb00205.x","volume":"4","author":"M Partinen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Partinen M, Gislason T (1995) Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire (BNSQ): a quantitated measure of subjective sleep complaints. J Sleep Res 4:150\u2013155","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"10212_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.2.4.274","volume":"2","author":"L Pulkkinen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pulkkinen L, Kaprio J, Rose RJ (1999) Peers, teachers and parents as assessors of the behavioural and emotional problems of twins and their adjustment: the multidimensional peer nomination inventory. Twin Res 2:274\u2013285","journal-title":"Twin Res"},{"key":"10212_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","volume":"1","author":"LS Radloff","year":"1977","unstructured":"Radloff LS (1977) The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas 1:385\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/014662167700100306","journal-title":"Appl Psychol Meas"},{"key":"10212_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2019.83","volume":"22","author":"RJ Rose","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rose RJ, Salvatore JE, Aaltonen S et al (2019) FinnTwin12 cohort: an updated review. Twin Res Hum Genet 22:302\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/thg.2019.83","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10212_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.3390\/genes5020330","volume":"5","author":"JE Salvatore","year":"2014","unstructured":"Salvatore JE, Aliev F, Edwards AC et al (2014) Polygenic scores predict alcohol problems in an independent sample and show moderation by the environment. Genes (Basel) 5:330\u2013346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes5020330","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"10212_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1159\/000152964","volume":"28","author":"S Sarna","year":"1978","unstructured":"Sarna S, Kaprio J, Sistonen P, Koskenvuo M (1978) Diagnosis of twin zygosity by mailed questionnaire. Hum Hered 28:241\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000152964","journal-title":"Hum Hered"},{"key":"10212_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x","volume":"88","author":"JB Saunders","year":"1993","unstructured":"Saunders JB, Aasland OG, Babor TF et al (1993) Development of the Alcohol Use disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption\u2013II. Addiction 88:791\u2013804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10212_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4137\/SART.S31437","volume":"9","author":"JE Schulenberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schulenberg JE, Patrick ME, Kloska DD et al (2016) Substance use disorder in early midlife: a national prospective study on health and well-being correlates and long-term predictors. Subst Abuse 9:41\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4137\/SART.S31437","journal-title":"Subst Abuse"},{"key":"10212_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000085633.23230.4A","volume":"27","author":"KH Selin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Selin KH (2003) Test-retest reliability of the alcohol use disorder identification test in a general population sample. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 27:1428\u20131434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ALC.0000085633.23230.4A","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10212_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.4103\/ipj.ipj_51_21","volume":"30","author":"MK Sharma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharma MK, Suman LN, Srivastava K et al (2021) Psychometric properties of Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence: a systematic review. Ind Psychiatry J 30:207\u2013216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ipj.ipj_51_21","journal-title":"Ind Psychiatry J"},{"key":"10212_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1177\/0163278707304030","volume":"30","author":"B Shulruf","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shulruf B, Morton S, Goodyear-Smith F et al (2007) Designing multidisciplinary longitudinal studies of human development: analyzing past research to inform methodology. Eval Health Prof 30:207\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0163278707304030","journal-title":"Eval Health Prof"},{"key":"10212_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-006-9096-1","volume":"37","author":"K Silventoinen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Silventoinen K, Posthuma D, Lahelma E et al (2007) Genetic and environmental factors affecting self-rated health from age 16\u201325: a longitudinal study of Finnish twins. Behav Genet 37:326\u2013333","journal-title":"Behav Genet"},{"key":"10212_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2023.12","volume":"26","author":"PN Sipil\u00e4","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sipil\u00e4 PN, Keski-Rahkonen A, Lindbohm JV et al (2023) Paternal and maternal problem drinking and Lifetime Problem drinking of their adult children. Twin Res Hum Genet 26:152\u2013163","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10212_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718001095","volume":"49","author":"WS Slutske","year":"2019","unstructured":"Slutske WS, Deutsch AR, Piasecki TM (2019) Neighborhood alcohol outlet density and genetic influences on alcohol use: evidence for gene-environment interaction. Psychol Med 49:474\u2013482. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291718001095","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10212_CR80","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2018) National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2018"},{"key":"10212_CR81","unstructured":"Suvisaari J, Solin P, Viertio S, Partonen T (2023) Mental health and use of services"},{"key":"10212_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0586-7","volume":"18","author":"S Teague","year":"2018","unstructured":"Teague S, Youssef GJ, Macdonald JA et al (2018) Retention strategies in longitudinal cohort studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med Res Methodol 18:151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-018-0586-7","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10212_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02241.x","volume":"103","author":"LC Thygesen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thygesen LC, Johansen C, Keiding N et al (2008) Effects of sample attrition in a longitudinal study of the association between alcohol intake and all-cause mortality. Addiction 103:1149\u20131159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02241.x","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10212_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1177\/1455072520954326","volume":"37","author":"C Tigerstedt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tigerstedt C, Agahi N, K Bye E et al (2020a) Comparing older people\u2019s drinking habits in four nordic countries: Summary of the thematic issue. Nordic Stud Alcohol Drugs 37:434\u2013443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1455072520954326","journal-title":"Nordic Stud Alcohol Drugs"},{"key":"10212_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1177\/1455072520954324","volume":"37","author":"C Tigerstedt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tigerstedt C, Makela P, Karlsson T et al (2020b) Change and continuity in Finnish drinking in the 21st century. Nordic Stud Alcohol Drugs 37:609\u2013618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1455072520954324","journal-title":"Nordic Stud Alcohol Drugs"},{"key":"10212_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2010.01.002","volume":"39","author":"S Van de Velde","year":"2010","unstructured":"Van de Velde S, Bracke P, Levecque K, Meuleman B (2010) Gender differences in depression in 25 European countries after eliminating measurement bias in the CES-D 8. Soc Sci Res 39:396\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2010.01.002","journal-title":"Soc Sci Res"},{"key":"10212_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3243","volume":"13","author":"J van Dongen","year":"2012","unstructured":"van Dongen J, Slagboom PE, Draisma HHM et al (2012) The continuing value of twin studies in the omics era. Nat Rev Genet 13:640\u2013653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrg3243","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"10212_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026027","volume":"121","author":"A Verg\u00e9s","year":"2012","unstructured":"Verg\u00e9s A, Jackson KM, Bucholz KK et al (2012) Deconstructing the age-prevalence curve of alcohol dependence: why maturing out is only a small piece of the puzzle. J Abnorm Psychol 121:511\u2013523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0026027","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"10212_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714002165","volume":"45","author":"B Verhulst","year":"2015","unstructured":"Verhulst B, Neale MC, Kendler KS (2015) The heritability of alcohol use disorders: a meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies. Psychol Med 45:1061\u20131072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291714002165","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10212_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14533","volume":"114","author":"S Virtanen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Virtanen S, Kaprio J, Viken R et al (2019) Birth cohort effects on the quantity and heritability of alcohol consumption in adulthood: a Finnish longitudinal twin study. Addiction 114:836\u2013846. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.14533","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10212_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gly263","volume":"74","author":"K Waller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Waller K, V\u00e4h\u00e4-Ypy\u00e4 H, Lindgren N et al (2019) Self-reported fitness and objectively measured Physical Activity Profile among older adults: a twin study. J Gerontol Biol Sci Med Sci 74:1965\u20131972","journal-title":"J Gerontol Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10212_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1177\/1455072520954328","volume":"37","author":"K Warpenius","year":"2020","unstructured":"Warpenius K, M\u00e4kel\u00e4 P (2020) The Finnish drinking habits Survey: implications for alcohol policy and prevention. Nordic Stud Alcohol Drugs 37:619\u2013631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1455072520954328","journal-title":"Nordic Stud Alcohol Drugs"},{"key":"10212_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.115226","volume":"308","author":"J Wels","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wels J, Booth C, Wielgoszewska B et al (2022) Mental and social wellbeing and the UK coronavirus job retention scheme: evidence from nine longitudinal studies. Soc Sci Med 308:115226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.115226","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10212_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-018-1198-9","volume":"28","author":"AM Whipp","year":"2019","unstructured":"Whipp AM, Korhonen T, Raevuori A et al (2019) Early adolescent aggression predicts antisocial personality disorder in young adults: a population-based study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 28:341\u2013350","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10212_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935858","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.935858","volume":"16","author":"AM Whipp","year":"2022","unstructured":"Whipp AM, Heinonen-Guzejev M, Pietil\u00e4inen KH et al (2022) Branched-chain amino acids linked to depression in young adults. Front Neurosci 16:935858","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"10212_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1057\/biosoc.2009.9","volume":"5","author":"M Windle","year":"2010","unstructured":"Windle M (2010) A multilevel developmental contextual approach to substance use and addiction. Biosocieties 5:124\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/biosoc.2009.9","journal-title":"Biosocieties"}],"container-title":["Behavior Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10519-024-10212-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10519-024-10212-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10519-024-10212-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T04:40:51Z","timestamp":1741149651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10519-024-10212-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10212"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10519-024-10212-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-8244","1573-3297"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-8244","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3297","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}