{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T17:28:23Z","timestamp":1793899703885,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025\/10314-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025\/10314-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024\/22430-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024\/22430-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025\/11444-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025\/11444-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022\/02713-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022\/02713-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005639","name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024\/1690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024\/1690"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005639","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biotechnol Lett"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Process Analytical Technology (PAT) tools are increasingly applied to improve monitoring of biopharmaceutical processes; however, few techniques have explored their use in liquid bioprocesses based on insect cell cultures. This work evaluated whether rheological parameters could be explored as monitoring indicators for biochemical variables during virus-like particle (VLP) production using the insect cell\u2013baculovirus expression system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Batch bioreactor cultivations of\n                      <jats:italic>Spodoptera frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Sf9) cells were conducted under non-infected conditions and during rabies and SARS-CoV-2 VLP production. Rheological properties were determined by steady-shear cone-plate rheometry and correlated with viable and total cell densities, extracellular protein concentration, and viral titer. Empirical models were generated and ranked using Akaike\u2019s Information Criterion, and predictive performance was assessed by root mean square error. Statistical significance was evaluated using analysis of variance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All cultures exhibited non-Newtonian, pseudoplastic behavior, with decreases in the flow behavior index associated with increasing cell density and protein concentration. Exponential functions were most frequently selected among the best-ranked empirical models, followed by rational, hyperbolic, logarithmic, and power equations. No statistically significant effect of rheological parameter or infection condition on prediction accuracy was observed (p &gt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rheological properties reflected compositional changes occurring during insect cell cultivations; however, under the conditions studied, rheology did not significantly improve quantitative monitoring of key biochemical parameters using other approaches. These findings indicate that while rheology may provide complementary process information, further investigation is required before its application as a robust PAT tool for VLP production.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-026-03796-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:31:56Z","timestamp":1791189116000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rheology as a monitoring tool for the biochemical parameters of insect cell-baculovirus system"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Milena Miyu","family":"Teruya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00falia","family":"P\u00fablio Rabello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Angela","family":"Correia Barrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thais","family":"Oliveira Mendes da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole Cristina","family":"Sarmento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Amaral dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noemi Nosomi","family":"Taniwaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eutimio Gustavo","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"3796_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/min12060678","volume":"12","author":"HM Ahmed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmed HM, Bharathan B, Kermani M et al (2022) Evaluation of rheology measurements techniques for pressure loss in mine paste backfill transportation. Minerals (Basel) 12:678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/min12060678","journal-title":"Minerals (Basel)"},{"key":"3796_CR2","first-page":"89","volume-title":"Unit operations in food engineering","author":"I Albert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Albert I, Barbosa-C\u00e1novas GV (2003) Rheology of food products. Unit operations in food engineering. CRC Press, pp 89\u2013142"},{"key":"3796_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano15130966","volume":"15","author":"H Alizadeh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alizadeh H, Pal R (2025) Steady shear rheology of suspensions of mixtures of starch nanoparticles and cellulose nanocrystals. Nanomaterials (Basel) 15:966. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano15130966","journal-title":"Nanomaterials (Basel)"},{"key":"3796_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13234185","volume":"13","author":"M Amangeldi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amangeldi M, Wang Y, Perveen A et al (2021) An iterative approach for the parameter estimation of shear-rate and temperature-dependent rheological models for polymeric liquids. Polymers (Basel) 13:4185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym13234185","journal-title":"Polymers (Basel)"},{"key":"3796_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1002\/0471451452.ch18","volume-title":"Handbook of industrial mixing","author":"A Amanullah","year":"2003","unstructured":"Amanullah A, Buckland BC, Nienow AW (2003) Mixing in the fermentation and cell culture industries. Handbook of industrial mixing. Wiley, pp 1071\u20131170"},{"key":"3796_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10895-025-04559-6","author":"V Arag\u00e3o Tejo Dias","year":"2025","unstructured":"Arag\u00e3o Tejo Dias V, Dezanetti da Silva J, P\u00fablio Rabello J et al (2025a) Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor relevant biochemicals over Zika-virus-like particles\u2019 production. J Fluoresc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10895-025-04559-6","journal-title":"J Fluoresc"},{"key":"3796_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2025.115129","volume":"334","author":"V Arag\u00e3o Tejo Dias","year":"2025","unstructured":"Arag\u00e3o Tejo Dias V, Moraes Octaviano AL, P\u00fablio Rabello J et al (2025b) Critical parameters on Zika virus-like particles\u2019 generation. J Virol Methods 334:115129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jviromet.2025.115129","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"3796_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbt.2022.10.005","volume":"72","author":"SB-E Attar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Attar SB-E, Morillas-Espa\u00f1a A, L\u00f3pez JLC et al (2022) Rheology of microalgae concentrates and its influence on the power consumption of enzymatic hydrolysis processing. N Biotechnol 72:107\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbt.2022.10.005","journal-title":"N Biotechnol"},{"key":"3796_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2024.110997","volume":"162","author":"A Badjona","year":"2025","unstructured":"Badjona A, Cherono B, Bradshaw R, Dubey B (2025) Gelation and rheological properties of ultrasound-extracted faba bean protein: a comparative study with commercial plant proteins. Food Hydrocoll 162:110997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2024.110997","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll"},{"key":"3796_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2009.07.045","volume":"395","author":"H Barbosa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Barbosa H, Slater NKH, Marcos JC (2009) Protein quantification in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) and dextran using the Bradford method. Anal Biochem 395:108\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ab.2009.07.045","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"3796_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3917","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c09694","volume":"10","author":"S Baukmann","year":"2025","unstructured":"Baukmann S, Hengelbrock A, Katsoutas K et al (2025) Platform process for an autonomous production of virus-like particles. ACS Omega 10:3917\u20133929. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.4c09694","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"3796_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-021-00366-z","volume":"63","author":"TC Bernardino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bernardino TC, Astray RM, Pereira CA et al (2021) Production of rabies VLPs in insect cells by two monocistronic baculoviruses approach. Mol Biotechnol 63:1068\u20131080. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12033-021-00366-z","journal-title":"Mol Biotechnol"},{"key":"3796_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering6040093","volume":"6","author":"W Blunt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Blunt W, Gaugler M, Collet C et al (2019) Rheological behavior of high cell density Pseudomonas putida LS46 cultures during production of medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers. Bioengineering (Basel) 6:93. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bioengineering6040093","journal-title":"Bioengineering (Basel)"},{"key":"3796_CR14","volume-title":"Model selection and multi-model inferencs: a practical information-theoretic approach","author":"KP Burnham","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burnham KP, Anderson DR (2010) Model selection and multi-model inferencs: a practical information-theoretic approach. Springer Verlag"},{"key":"3796_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-018-0297-4","volume":"14","author":"C Camacho-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Camacho-Fern\u00e1ndez C, Herv\u00e1s D, Rivas-Sendra A et al (2018) Comparison of six different methods to calculate cell densities. Plant Methods 14:30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13007-018-0297-4","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"3796_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-51862-0.50018-6","volume-title":"Philosophy of statistics","author":"A Chakrabarti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chakrabarti A, Ghosh JK (2011) AIC, BIC and recent advances in model selection. Philosophy of statistics. Elsevier, pp 583\u2013605"},{"key":"3796_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00449-025-03233-2","volume":"48","author":"T Consoni Bernardino","year":"2025","unstructured":"Consoni Bernardino T, Teruya MM, da Silva Cavalcante PE et al (2025) Zika virus-like particle production in a stirred tank bioreactor using a baculovirus\/insect cell system. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 48:2137\u20132152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00449-025-03233-2","journal-title":"Bioprocess Biosyst Eng"},{"key":"3796_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/btpr.1842","volume":"30","author":"A Contreras\u2010G\u00f3mez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Contreras\u2010G\u00f3mez A, S\u00e1nchez\u2010Mir\u00f3n A, Garc\u00eda\u2010Camacho F et al (2014) Protein production using the baculovirus\u2010insect cell expression system. Biotechnol Prog 30:1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/btpr.1842","journal-title":"Biotechnol Prog"},{"key":"3796_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7866","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.10.7866-7872.1997","volume":"71","author":"X Du","year":"1997","unstructured":"Du X, Thiem SM (1997) Responses of insect cells to baculovirus infection: protein synthesis shutdown and apoptosis. J Virol 71:7866\u20137872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.71.10.7866-7872.1997","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"3796_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8524(91)90144-9","volume":"38","author":"HL Fernandes","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fernandes HL, Lupi F, Tom\u00e9 MM et al (1991) Rheological behaviour of the culture medium during growth of the microalga Botryococcus braunii. Bioresour Technol 38:133\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0960-8524(91)90144-9","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"3796_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-023-00759-2","volume":"66","author":"LGO Guardalini","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guardalini LGO, Leme J, da Silva Cavalcante PE et al (2024) Sf9 cell metabolism throughout the recombinant baculovirus and rabies virus-like particles production in two culture systems. Mol Biotechnol 66:354\u2013364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12033-023-00759-2","journal-title":"Mol Biotechnol"},{"key":"3796_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s13036-025-00562-4","volume":"19","author":"N Huang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang N, Wei Y, Li J (2025) Insect cell expression system: advances in applications, engineering strategies, and bioprocess development. J Biol Eng 19:88. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13036-025-00562-4","journal-title":"J Biol Eng"},{"key":"3796_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1095","volume":"23","author":"TA Kost","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kost TA, Condreay JP, Jarvis DL (2005) Baculovirus as versatile vectors for protein expression in insect and mammalian cells. Nat Biotechnol 23:567\u2013575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nbt1095","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"3796_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2007.05.032","volume":"41","author":"G Laera","year":"2007","unstructured":"Laera G, Giordano C, Pollice A et al (2007) Membrane bioreactor sludge rheology at different solid retention times. Water Res 41:4197\u20134203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2007.05.032","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"3796_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2020.101883","volume":"48","author":"Y Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li Y, Wang C, Liu H et al (2020) Production, isolation and bioactive estimation of extracellular polysaccharides of green microalga Neochloris oleoabundans. Algal Res 48:101883. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.algal.2020.101883","journal-title":"Algal Res"},{"key":"3796_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2023.108920","volume":"144","author":"Q Meng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Meng Q, Wang Q, Chen L et al (2023) Rheological properties and thickening effect of high molecular weight exopolysaccharide and intracellular polysaccharide from Schizophyllum commune. Food Hydrocoll 144:108920. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2023.108920","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll"},{"key":"3796_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects16040426","volume":"16","author":"H-J Moon","year":"2025","unstructured":"Moon H-J, Kim H-J, Lee D-H et al (2025) Rapid and economic baculovirus titer determination using a novel transgenic Sf9-QE cell line. Insects 16:426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/insects16040426","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"3796_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2024.10.006","volume":"147","author":"F Moura Dias","year":"2024","unstructured":"Moura Dias F, Consoni Bernardino T, de Oliveira Guardalini LG et al (2024) Biochemical monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 VLP production stages using MIR spectroscopy and chemometrics. Process Biochem 147:418\u2013432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procbio.2024.10.006","journal-title":"Process Biochem"},{"key":"3796_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s00449-024-03094-1","volume":"48","author":"F Moura Dias","year":"2025","unstructured":"Moura Dias F, Teruya MM, Omae Camalhonte S et al (2025) Inline Raman spectroscopy as process analytical technology for SARS-CoV-2 VLP production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 48:63\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00449-024-03094-1","journal-title":"Bioprocess Biosyst Eng"},{"key":"3796_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1002\/btpr.2292","volume":"32","author":"JM Newton","year":"2016","unstructured":"Newton JM, Schofield D, Vlahopoulou J, Zhou Y (2016) Detecting cell lysis using viscosity monitoring in E. coli fermentation to prevent product loss. Biotechnol Prog 32:1069\u20131076. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/btpr.2292","journal-title":"Biotechnol Prog"},{"key":"3796_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pep.2025.106767","volume":"235","author":"LG de Oliveira Guardalini","year":"2025","unstructured":"de Oliveira Guardalini LG, Consoni Bernardino T, Moura Dias F et al (2025) Scalable approach for coronavirus-like particles making based on the spike protein using Sf9 cells. Protein Expr Purif 235:106767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pep.2025.106767","journal-title":"Protein Expr Purif"},{"key":"3796_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2022.12.009","volume":"363","author":"LG Oliveira Guardalini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oliveira Guardalini LG, da Silva Cavalcante PE, Leme J et al (2023) Biochemical monitoring throughout all stages of rabies virus-like particles production by Raman spectroscopy using global models. J Biotechnol 363:19\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2022.12.009","journal-title":"J Biotechnol"},{"key":"3796_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics18081016","volume":"18","author":"CS Paiva","year":"2026","unstructured":"Paiva CS, Radi HE, Chagas D et al (2026) Applying Raman spectroscopy for real-time monitoring of ultra- and diafiltration steps in viral vector purification. Pharmaceutics 18:1016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics18081016","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"3796_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-66322005000100004","volume":"22","author":"CRD Pamboukian","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pamboukian CRD, Facciotti MCR (2005) Rheological and morphological characterization of Streptomyces olindensis growing in batch and fed-batch fermentations. Braz J Chem Eng 22:31\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0104-66322005000100004","journal-title":"Braz J Chem Eng"},{"key":"3796_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2015.02.016","volume":"482","author":"SI Patsios","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patsios SI, Goudoulas TB, Kastrinakis EG et al (2015) A novel method for rheological characterization of biofouling layers developing in membrane bioreactors (MBR). J Memb Sci 482:13\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.memsci.2015.02.016","journal-title":"J Memb Sci"},{"key":"3796_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70005","DOI":"10.1002\/cem.70005","volume":"39","author":"N Pavurala","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pavurala N, Madhavarao CN, Lee J et al (2025) Cell culture media and raman spectra preprocessing procedures impact glucose chemometrics. J Chemom 39:e70005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cem.70005","journal-title":"J Chemom"},{"key":"3796_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007962903435","volume":"24","author":"KM Radford","year":"1997","unstructured":"Radford KM, Cavegn C, Bertrand M et al (1997) The indirect effects of multiplicity of infection on baculovirus expressed proteins in insect cells: secreted and non-secreted products. Cytotechnol 24:73\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1007962903435","journal-title":"Cytotechnol"},{"key":"3796_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-409548-9.10255-6","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of sustainable technologies","author":"R Ramachandran","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ramachandran R (2017) Sustainability in the pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals industry. Encyclopedia of sustainable technologies. Elsevier, pp 675\u2013681"},{"key":"3796_CR39","volume-title":"Biotecnologia industrial\u202f: engenharia bioqu\u00edmica","author":"W Schmidell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schmidell W, de Almeida LU, Aquarone E, Borzani W (2001) Biotecnologia industrial\u202f: engenharia bioqu\u00edmica, 1st edn. Blucher","edition":"1st edn"},{"key":"3796_CR40","first-page":"27","volume-title":"The development of a pharmaceutical oral solid dosage forms","author":"R Shaikh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shaikh R, O\u2019Brien DP, Croker DM, Walker GM (2018) The development of a pharmaceutical oral solid dosage forms. Elsevier, pp 27\u201365"},{"key":"3796_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109947","volume":"139","author":"L Silva Batalha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Silva Batalha L, Pardini Gontijo MT, Vianna Novaes de Carvalho Teixeira A et al (2021) Encapsulation in alginate-polymers improves stability and allows controlled release of the UFV-AREG1 bacteriophage. Food Res Int 139:109947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109947","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"3796_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12090820","volume":"12","author":"A Sim\u00f5es","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sim\u00f5es A, Miranda M, Cardoso C et al (2020) Rheology by design: a regulatory tutorial for analytical method validation. Pharmaceutics 12:820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics12090820","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"3796_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20091","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.5c03263","volume":"64","author":"K Suman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Suman K (2025) Mastering rheology: a strategic and practical guide for empowering all users. Ind Eng Chem Res 64:20091\u201320108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.iecr.5c03263","journal-title":"Ind Eng Chem Res"},{"key":"3796_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.2174\/18722105113079990003","volume":"7","author":"L Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang L, Chen H, Witharana S (2013) Rheology of nanofluids: a review. Recent Pat Nanotechnol 7:232\u2013246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/18722105113079990003","journal-title":"Recent Pat Nanotechnol"},{"key":"3796_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.26723","volume":"115","author":"A Wyma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wyma A, Martin\u2010Alarcon L, Walsh T et al (2018) Non\u2010Newtonian rheology in suspension cell cultures significantly impacts bioreactor shear stress quantification. Biotechnol Bioeng 115:2101\u20132113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bit.26723","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"}],"container-title":["Biotechnology Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10529-026-03796-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10529-026-03796-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10529-026-03796-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T17:05:29Z","timestamp":1793898329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10529-026-03796-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["3796"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10529-026-03796-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-5492","1573-6776"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-5492","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6776","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"127"}}