{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T08:31:05Z","timestamp":1782376265318,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747440000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DST\/INSPIRE Fellowship\/2019\/IF190115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DST\/INSPIRE Fellowship\/2019\/IF190115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001851","name":"Ministry of Earth Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["614\/IFD\/6038\/2019-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["614\/IFD\/6038\/2019-20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001851","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biodegradation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10532-025-10141-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T07:23:04Z","timestamp":1747466584000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Enzymatic degradation of PET by hydrolase from Brucella intermedia IITR130 and its genomic insights"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Pallavi","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saurabh","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohini","family":"Soni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Venkatesh","family":"Pratap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srikrishna","family":"Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natesan","family":"Manickam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"10141_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.565608","volume":"11","author":"NA Adlan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adlan NA, Sabri S, Masomian M et al (2020) Microbial biodegradation of paraffin wax in Malaysian crude oil mediated by degradative enzymes. Front Microbiol 11:565608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2020.565608","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.143536","volume":"759","author":"A Amobonye","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amobonye A, Bhagwat P, Singh S, Pillai S (2021) Plastic biodegradation: frontline microbes and their enzymes. Sci Total Environ 759:143536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.143536","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10141_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/75556","volume":"25","author":"M Ashburner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ashburner M, Ball CA, Blake JA et al (2000) Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. Gene Ontol Consort Nat Genet 25:25\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/75556","journal-title":"Gene Ontol Consort Nat Genet"},{"key":"10141_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E4350","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1718804115","volume":"115","author":"HP Austin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Austin HP, Allen MD, Donohoe BS et al (2018) Characterization and engineering of a plastic-degrading aromatic polyesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:E4350\u2013E4357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1718804115","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10141_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.09.043","volume":"231","author":"HS Auta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Auta HS, Emenike CU, Fauziah SH (2017) Screening of Bacillus strains isolated from mangrove ecosystems in Peninsular Malaysia for microplastic degradation. Environ Pollut 231:1552\u20131559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.09.043","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10141_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-9-75","volume":"9","author":"RK Aziz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Aziz RK, Bartels D, Best AA et al (2008) The RAST server: rapid annotations using subsystems technology. BMC Genomics 9:75. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2164-9-75","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10141_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2018.05.047","volume":"133","author":"LGA Barboza","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barboza LGA, Dick Vethaak A, Lavorante BRBO et al (2018) Marine microplastic debris: an emerging issue for food security, food safety and human health. Mar Pollut Bull 133:336\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2018.05.047","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"10141_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-019-01637-9","volume":"201","author":"DKR Bardaj\u00ed","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bardaj\u00ed DKR, Furlan JPR, Stehling EG (2019) Isolation of a polyethylene degrading Paenibacillus sp. from a landfill in Brazil. Arch Microbiol 201:699\u2013704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00203-019-01637-9","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/S10295-012-1217-7","volume":"40","author":"S Biver","year":"2013","unstructured":"Biver S, Vandenbol M (2013) Characterization of three new carboxylic ester hydrolases isolated by functional screening of a forest soil metagenomic library. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 40:191\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S10295-012-1217-7","journal-title":"J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"10141_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.04.005","volume":"27","author":"P Bombelli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bombelli P, Howe CJ, Bertocchini F (2017) Current biology polyethylene bio-degradation by caterpillars of the wax moth Galleria mellonella. R292 Curr Biol 27:283\u2013293","journal-title":"R292 Curr Biol"},{"key":"10141_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8365","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08365","volume":"5","author":"T Brettin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brettin T, Davis JJ, Disz T et al (2015) RASTtk: a modular and extensible implementation of the RAST algorithm for building custom annotation pipelines and annotating batches of genomes. Sci Rep 5:8365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep08365","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10141_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.31097","author":"S Calhoun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Calhoun S, Korczynska M, Wichelecki DJ et al (2018) Prediction of enzymatic pathways by integrative pathway mapping. Elife. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.31097","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10141_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24373","DOI":"10.1038\/srep24373","volume":"6","author":"NM Chaudhari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chaudhari NM, Gupta VK, Dutta C (2016) BPGA- an ultra-fast pan-genome analysis pipeline. Sci Rep 6:24373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep24373","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10141_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.121271","volume":"384","author":"Z Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen Z, Zhao W, Xing R et al (2020) Enhanced in situ bio degradation of microplastics in sewage sludge using hyperthermophilic composting technology. J Hazard Mater 384:121271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.121271","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10141_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7358","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.1c01062","volume":"11","author":"K Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen K, Hu Y, Dong X, Sun Y (2021) Molecular insights into the enhanced performance of Ekylated PETase toward PET degradation. ACS Catal 11:7358\u20137370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acscatal.1c01062","journal-title":"ACS Catal"},{"key":"10141_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2017.12.011","volume":"147","author":"S Chinaglia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chinaglia S, Tosin M, Degli-Innocenti F (2018) Biodegradation rate of biodegradable plastics at molecular level. Polym Degrad Stab 147:237\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2017.12.011","journal-title":"Polym Degrad Stab"},{"key":"10141_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117793222093806","DOI":"10.1177\/1177932220938064","volume":"14","author":"SS Costa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Costa SS, Guimar\u00e3es LC, Silva A et al (2020) First steps in the analysis of prokaryotic pan-genomes. Bioinform Biol Insights 14:117793222093806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1177932220938064","journal-title":"Bioinform Biol Insights"},{"key":"10141_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.005","volume":"190","author":"L Dai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dai L, Qu Y, Hu Y et al (2021) Catalytically inactive lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PcAA14A enhances the enzyme-mediated hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate. Int J Biol Macromol 190:456\u2013462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.005","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10141_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"015014","DOI":"10.1088\/2043-6254\/aaabaf","volume":"9","author":"TCH Dang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dang TCH, Nguyen DT, Thai H et al (2018) Plastic degradation by thermophilic Bacillus sp. BCBT21 isolated from composting agricultural residual in Vietnam. Adv Natural Sci: Nanosci Nanotechnol 9:015014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/2043-6254\/aaabaf","journal-title":"Adv Natural Sci: Nanosci Nanotechnol"},{"key":"10141_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.2289704","volume":"14","author":"ACE Darling","year":"2004","unstructured":"Darling ACE, Mau B, Blattner FR, Perna NT (2004) Mauve: multiple alignment of conserved genomic sequence with rearrangements. Genome Res 14:1394\u20131403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/gr.2289704","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"10141_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1080\/10889868.2014.899555","volume":"18","author":"HR Dash","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dash HR, Das S (2014) Isolated from marine environment and wastes of steel industry. Bioremediat J 18:204\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10889868.2014.899555","journal-title":"Bioremediat J"},{"key":"10141_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(84)90843-1","volume":"138","author":"MV Deshpande","year":"1984","unstructured":"Deshpande MV, Eriksson K-E, G\u00f6ran Pettersson L (1984) An assay for selective determination of exo-1,4,-\u03b2-glucanases in a mixture of cellulolytic enzymes. Anal Biochem 138:481\u2013487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0003-2697(84)90843-1","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10141_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2018.11.002","volume":"17","author":"A Farzi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farzi A, Dehnad A, Fotouhi AF (2019) Biodegradation of polyethylene terephthalate waste using Streptomyces species and kinetic modeling of the process. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 17:25\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcab.2018.11.002","journal-title":"Biocatal Agric Biotechnol"},{"key":"10141_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s40793-024-00575-4","volume":"19","author":"V Gambarini","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gambarini V, Drost CJ, Kingsbury JM et al (2024) Uncoupled: investigating the lack of correlation between the transcription of putative plastic-degrading genes in the global ocean microbiome and marine plastic pollution. Environ Microbiome 19:34. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40793-024-00575-4","journal-title":"Environ Microbiome"},{"key":"10141_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.125928","volume":"416","author":"R Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao R, Sun C (2021) A marine bacterial community capable of degrading poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polyethylene. J Hazard Mater 416:125928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.125928","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10141_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5238","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00637-11","volume":"77","author":"A Ghafoor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ghafoor A, Hay ID, Rehm BHA (2011) Role of exopolysaccharides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation and architecture. Appl Environ Microbiol 77:5238\u20135246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.00637-11","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.64483-0","volume":"57","author":"J Goris","year":"2007","unstructured":"Goris J, Konstantinidis KT, Klappenbach JA et al (2007) DNA\u2013DNA hybridization values and their relationship to whole-genome sequence similarities. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:81\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/ijs.0.64483-0","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-021-07734-8","volume":"22","author":"S-R Han","year":"2021","unstructured":"Han S-R, Kim B, Jang JH et al (2021) Complete genome sequence of Arthrobacter sp. PAMC25564 and its comparative genome analysis for elucidating the role of CAZymes in cold adaptation. BMC Genom 22:403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12864-021-07734-8","journal-title":"BMC Genom"},{"key":"10141_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.50.1.553","volume":"50","author":"CS Harwood","year":"1996","unstructured":"Harwood CS, Parales RE (1996) The \u03b2-ketoadipate pathway and the biology of self-identity. Annu Rev Microbiol 50:553\u2013590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.micro.50.1.553","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(00)00070-9","volume":"3","author":"JA Hoch","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hoch JA (2000) Two-component and phosphorelay signal transduction. Curr Opin Microbiol 3:165\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1369-5274(00)00070-9","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.152107","volume":"808","author":"Q-S Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang Q-S, Yan Z-F, Chen X-Q et al (2022) Accelerated biodegradation of polyethylene terephthalate by Thermobifida fusca cutinase mediated by Stenotrophomonas pavanii. SciTotal Environ 808:152107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.152107","journal-title":"SciTotal Environ"},{"key":"10141_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2020.08.008","volume":"366","author":"S Ion","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ion S, Voicea S, Sora C et al (2021) Sequential biocatalytic decomposition of BHET as valuable intermediator of PET recycling strategy. Catal Today 366:177\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cattod.2020.08.008","journal-title":"Catal Today"},{"key":"10141_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1264\/jsme2.ME19086","author":"R Jabloune","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jabloune R, Khalil M, Ben Moussa IE et al (2020) Enzymatic degradation of nitrophenyl esters, polyethylene terephthalate, cutin, and suberin by Sub1 a suberinase encoded by the plant pathogen; Streptomyces scabies. Microbes Environ. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1264\/jsme2.ME19086","journal-title":"Microbes Environ"},{"key":"10141_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ETI.2019.100567","volume":"17","author":"S Jaiswal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jaiswal S, Sharma B, Shukla P (2020) Integrated approaches in microbial degradation of plastics. Environ Technol Innov 17:100567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.ETI.2019.100567","journal-title":"Environ Technol Innov"},{"issue":"1","key":"10141_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-02881-1","volume":"9","author":"S Joo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Joo S, Cho IJ, Seo H et al (2018) Structural insight into molecular mechanism of poly(ethylene terephthalate) degradation. Nat Commun 9(1):382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-018-02881-1","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10141_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D457","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv1070","volume":"44","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kanehisa M, Sato Y, Kawashima M et al (2016) KEGG as a reference resource for gene and protein annotation. Nucleic Acids Res 44:D457\u2013D462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkv1070","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10141_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clet.2021.100083","volume":"2","author":"J Kaushal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaushal J, Khatri M, Arya SK (2021) Recent insight into enzymatic degradation of plastics prevalent in the environment: a mini\u2014review. Clean Eng Technol 2:100083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clet.2021.100083","journal-title":"Clean Eng Technol"},{"key":"10141_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10053","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-014-5860-y","volume":"98","author":"F Kawai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kawai F, Oda M, Tamashiro T et al (2014) A novel Ca2+-activated, thermostabilized polyesterase capable of hydrolyzing polyethylene terephthalate from Saccharomonospora viridis AHK190. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 98:10053\u201310064. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-014-5860-y","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"10141_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4253","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-019-09717-y","volume":"103","author":"F Kawai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kawai F, Kawabata T, Oda M (2019) Current knowledge on enzymatic PET degradation and its possible application to waste stream management and other fields. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 103:4253\u20134268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-019-09717-y","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"10141_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25476","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2006753117","volume":"117","author":"BC Knott","year":"2020","unstructured":"Knott BC, Erickson E, Allen MD et al (2020) Characterization and engineering of a two-enzyme system for plastics depolymerization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 117:25476\u201325485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2006753117","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10141_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.01.075","volume":"254","author":"S Kumari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kumari S, Regar RK, Manickam N (2018) Improved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation in a crude oil by individual and a consortium of bacteria. Bioresour Technol 254:174\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.01.075","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"10141_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.141230","volume":"457","author":"A Kushwaha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kushwaha A, Goswami L, Singhvi M, Kim BS (2023) Biodegradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate): mechanistic insights, advances, and future innovative strategies. Chem Eng J 457:141230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cej.2022.141230","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"10141_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(82)90515-0","volume":"157","author":"J Kyte","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kyte J, Doolittle RF (1982) A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein. J Mol Biol 157:105\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-2836(82)90515-0","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"10141_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.000760","volume":"66","author":"I Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee I, Ouk Kim Y, Park S-C, Chun J (2016) OrthoANI: an improved algorithm and software for calculating average nucleotide identity. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 66:1100\u20131103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/ijsem.0.000760","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6707","DOI":"10.1039\/D2GC01965E","volume":"24","author":"A Mrigwani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mrigwani A, Thakur B, Guptasarma P (2022) Conversion of polyethylene terephthalate into pure terephthalic acid through synergy between a solid-degrading cutinase and a reaction intermediate-hydrolysing carboxylesterase. Green Chem 24:6707\u20136719. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D2GC01965E","journal-title":"Green Chem"},{"key":"10141_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2020.11.004","author":"S Negoro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Negoro S, Kato D, Ohki T et al (2021) Structural and functional characterization of nylon hydrolases. Meth Enzymol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.mie.2020.11.004","journal-title":"Meth Enzymol"},{"key":"10141_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4779","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15232","volume":"22","author":"M Pinto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pinto M, Zenner PP, Langer TM et al (2020) Putative degraders of low-density polyethylene-derived compounds are ubiquitous members of plastic-associated bacterial communities in the marine environment. Environ Microbiol 22:4779\u20134793. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1462-2920.15232","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10416","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.1c02444","volume":"11","author":"AV Pinto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pinto AV, Ferreira P, Neves RPP et al (2021) Reaction mechanism of MHETase, a PET degrading enzyme. ACS Catal 11:10416\u201310428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acscatal.1c02444","journal-title":"ACS Catal"},{"key":"10141_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5058","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200503785","volume":"45","author":"R Poli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Poli R (2006) Relationship between one-electron transition-metal reactivity and radical polymerization processes. Angew Chem Int Ed 45:5058\u20135070. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/anie.200503785","journal-title":"Angew Chem Int Ed"},{"key":"10141_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5128","DOI":"10.1021\/ma9005318","volume":"42","author":"\u00c5M Ronkvist","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ronkvist \u00c5M, Xie W, Lu W, Gross RA (2009) Cutinase-catalyzed hydrolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate). Macromolecules 42:5128\u20135138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ma9005318","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"10141_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00442","author":"J Ru","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ru J, Huo Y, Yang Y (2020) microbial degradation and valorization of plastic wastes. Front Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00442","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2007.09.010","volume":"10","author":"C Ryder","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ryder C, Byrd M, Wozniak DJ (2007) Role of polysaccharides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development. Curr Opin Microbiol 10:644\u2013648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mib.2007.09.010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0032-3861(99)00405-X","volume":"41","author":"C Sammon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sammon C, Yarwood J, Everall N (2000) A FTIR\u2013ATR study of liquid diffusion processes in PET films: comparison of water with simple alcohols. Polymer (Guildf) 41:2521\u20132534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0032-3861(99)00405-X","journal-title":"Polymer (Guildf)"},{"key":"10141_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP.0901253","volume":"118","author":"L Sax","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sax L (2010) Polyethylene terephthalate may yield endocrine disruptors. Environ Health Perspect 118:445\u2013448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/EHP.0901253","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10141_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431D","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh081","volume":"32","author":"I Schomburg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schomburg I (2004) BRENDA, the enzyme database: updates and major new developments. Nucleic Acids Res 32:431D \u2013 433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkh081","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10141_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-005-0259-4","volume":"72","author":"A Sivan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sivan A, Szanto M, Pavlov V (2006) Biofilm development of the polyethylene-degrading bacterium Rhodococcus ruber. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 72:346\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-005-0259-4","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"10141_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s10532-024-10070-9","volume":"35","author":"P Srivastava","year":"2024","unstructured":"Srivastava P, Saji J, Manickam N (2024) Biodegradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by Brucella intermedia IITR130 and its proposed metabolic pathway. Biodegradation 35:671\u2013685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10532-024-10070-9","journal-title":"Biodegradation"},{"key":"10141_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxae312","author":"P Srivastava","year":"2025","unstructured":"Srivastava P, Subramanian S, Manickam N (2025) Biochemical and molecular mechanisms of Rhodococcus rhodochrous IITR131 for polyethylene terephthalate degradation. J Appl Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jambio\/lxae312","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-022-03793-3","volume":"611","author":"M Subramanian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Subramanian M (2022) Plastics tsunami: can a landmark treaty stop waste from choking the oceans? Nature 611:650\u2013653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-022-03793-3","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10141_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6694","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.22.6694-6698.2001","volume":"183","author":"M Sugimoto","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sugimoto M, Tanabe M, Hataya M et al (2001) The first step in polyethylene glycol degradation by Sphingomonads proceeds via a flavoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase containing flavin adenine dinucleotide. J Bacteriol 183:6694\u20136698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.183.22.6694-6698.2001","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10141_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.06725-11","volume":"78","author":"S Sulaiman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sulaiman S, Yamato S, Kanaya E et al (2012) Isolation of a novel cutinase homolog with polyethylene terephthalate-degrading activity from leaf-branch compost by using a metagenomic approach. Appl Environ Microbiol 78:1556\u20131562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.06725-11","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2008.09.006","volume":"11","author":"H Tettelin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tettelin H, Riley D, Cattuto C, Medini D (2008) Comparative genomics: the bacterial pan-genome. Curr Opin Microbiol 11:472\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mib.2008.09.006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"key":"10141_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.155275","volume":"833","author":"H Tong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tong H, Zhong X, Duan Z et al (2022) Micro- and nanoplastics released from biodegradable and conventional plastics during degradation: formation, aging factors, and toxicity. Sci Total Environ 833:155275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.155275","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10141_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5612","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.2c00644","volume":"123","author":"V Tournier","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tournier V, Duquesne S, Guillamot F et al (2023) Enzymes\u2019 power for plastics degradation. Chem Rev 123:5612\u20135701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrev.2c00644","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"10141_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7669","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-9195-y","volume":"102","author":"AK Urbanek","year":"2018","unstructured":"Urbanek AK, Rymowicz W, Miro\u0144czuk AM (2018) Degradation of plastics and plastic-degrading bacteria in cold marine habitats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102:7669\u20137678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-018-9195-y","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"10141_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15259","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.2c03772","volume":"12","author":"G von Haugwitz","year":"2022","unstructured":"von Haugwitz G, Han X, Pfaff L et al (2022) Structural Insights into (Tere)phthalate-ester hydrolysis by a Carboxylesterase and its role in promoting PET depolymerization. ACS Catal 12:15259\u201315270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acscatal.2c03772","journal-title":"ACS Catal"},{"key":"10141_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D535","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1017","volume":"45","author":"AR Wattam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wattam AR, Davis JJ, Assaf R et al (2017) Improvements to PATRIC, the all-bacterial bioinformatics database and analysis resource center. Nucleic Acids Res 45:D535\u2013D542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkw1017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10141_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/polym5010001","volume":"5","author":"H Webb","year":"2012","unstructured":"Webb H, Arnott J, Crawford R, Ivanova E (2012) Plastic degradation and its environmental implications with special reference to poly(ethylene terephthalate). Polymers (Basel) 5:1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym5010001","journal-title":"Polymers (Basel)"},{"key":"10141_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.135700","volume":"307","author":"S Wei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wei S, Zhao Y, Zhou R et al (2022) Biodegradation of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate by Priestia megaterium, Pseudomonas mendocina, and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes following incubation in the soil. Chemosphere 307:135700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.135700","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10141_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enzmictec.2020.109715","volume":"143","author":"X Xi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xi X, Ni K, Hao H et al (2021) Secretory expression in Bacillus subtilis and biochemical characterization of a highly thermostable polyethylene terephthalate hydrolase from bacterium HR29. Enzyme Microb Technol 143:109715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.enzmictec.2020.109715","journal-title":"Enzyme Microb Technol"},{"key":"10141_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-017-0844-4","volume":"110","author":"S-H Yoon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yoon S-H, Ha S, Lim J et al (2017) A large-scale evaluation of algorithms to calculate average nucleotide identity. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 110:1281\u20131286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10482-017-0844-4","journal-title":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek"},{"key":"10141_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad6359\/suppl_file\/aad6359-yoshida-sm.pdf","volume":"351","author":"S Yoshida","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yoshida S, Hiraga K, Takehana T et al (2006) A bacterium that degrades and assimilates poly(ethylene terephthalate. Science 351:1196\u20131199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aad6359\/suppl_file\/aad6359-yoshida-sm.pdf","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10141_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136968","volume":"715","author":"J Yuan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yuan J, Ma J, Sun Y et al (2020) Microbial degradation and other environmental aspects of microplastics\/plastics. Sci Total Environ 715:136968. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136968","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10141_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135931","volume":"704","author":"J Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang J, Gao D, Li Q et al (2020) Biodegradation of polyethylene microplastic particles by the fungus Aspergillus flavus from the guts of wax moth Galleria mellonella. Sci Total Environ 704:135931. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135931","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10141_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2022.107991","volume":"60","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Pedersen JN, Eser BE, Guo Z (2022) Biodegradation of polyethylene and polystyrene: from microbial deterioration to enzyme discovery. Biotechnol Adv 60:107991. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2022.107991","journal-title":"Biotechnol Adv"}],"container-title":["Biodegradation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10532-025-10141-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10532-025-10141-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10532-025-10141-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T12:55:37Z","timestamp":1751288137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10532-025-10141-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10141"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10532-025-10141-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0923-9820","1572-9729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0923-9820","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-9729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"45"}}