{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T04:21:00Z","timestamp":1791174060455,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"3-4","content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The mechanisms by which thyroid hormone accelerates energy expenditure are poorly understood. In the brown adipose tissue (BAT), activation of thyroid hormone by type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (D2) has been known to play a role in adaptive energy expenditure during cold exposure in human newborns and other small mammals. Although BAT is not present in significant amounts in normal adult humans, recent studies have found substantial amounts of D2 in skeletal muscle, a metabolically relevant tissue in humans. 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