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Two homoplasmic mitochondrial tRNA mutations (m.14674T&gt;C\/G in mt\u2010tRNA<jats:sup>Glu<\/jats:sup>) have been reported to cause severe infantile mitochondrial myopathy in the first months of life. If these patients survive the first year of life by extensive life\u2010sustaining measures they usually recover and develop normally. Another mitochondrial disease due to deficiency of the 5\u2010methylaminomethyl\u20102\u2010thiouridylate methyltransferase (TRMU) causes severe liver failure in infancy, but similar to the reversible mitochondrial myopathy, within the first year of life these infants may also recover completely. Partial recovery has been noted in some other rare forms of mitochondrial disease due to deficiency of mitochondrial tRNA synthetases and mitochondrial tRNA modifying enzymes. Here we summarize the clinical presentation of these unique reversible mitochondrial diseases and discuss potential molecular mechanisms behind the reversibility. Understanding these mechanisms may provide the key to treatments of potential broader relevance in mitochondrial disease, where for the majority of the patients no effective treatment is currently available.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-014-9784-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]],"date-time":"2014-11-21T11:15:34Z","timestamp":1416568534000},"page":"427-435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Reversible infantile mitochondrial diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Veronika","family":"Boczonadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics Newcastle University Central Parkway Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boglarka","family":"Bansagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics Newcastle University Central 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