{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:33:25Z","timestamp":1786980805332,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R25 CA112382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25 CA112382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Breast Cancer Res Treat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-019-05237-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,21]],"date-time":"2019-04-21T23:59:36Z","timestamp":1555891176000},"page":"407-417","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Clinico-pathologic and mammographic characteristics of inflammatory and non-inflammatory breast cancer at six centers in North Africa"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"176","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7671-4972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Schairer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Hablas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim AbdelBar Seif","family":"Eldein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabab","family":"Gaafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henda","family":"Rais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amel","family":"Mezlini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhat Ben","family":"Ayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wided Ben","family":"Ayoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdellatif","family":"Benider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Tahri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mouna","family":"Khouchani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalia","family":"Aboulazm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Karkouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Eissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth M.","family":"Pfeiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahinaz M.","family":"Gadalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra M.","family":"Swain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia D.","family":"Merajver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda Morris","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amr S.","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"5237_CR1","first-page":"345","volume-title":"AJCC cancer staging manual","author":"S Edge","year":"2010","unstructured":"Edge S, Byrd D, Compton C et al (2010) Breast. In: Edge S, Byrd D, Compton C et al (eds) AJCC cancer staging manual, 7th edn. Springer, New York, pp 345\u2013376","edition":"7"},{"key":"5237_CR2","volume-title":"AJCC cancer staging manual","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amin MB, Edge S, Greene F, Byrd DR, Brookland RK, Washington MK, Gershenwald JE, Compton CC, Hess KR, Sullivan DC, Jessup JM, Brierley JD, Gaspar LE, Schilsky RL, Balch CM, Winchester DP, Asare EA, Madera M, Gress DM, Meyer LR (eds) (2017) AJCC cancer staging manual, 8th edn. Springer, New York","edition":"8"},{"key":"5237_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walshe JM, Swain SM (2005\u20132006) Clinical aspects of inflammatory breast cancer. Breast Dis 22:35\u201344","DOI":"10.3233\/BD-2006-22105"},{"key":"5237_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2254","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.07.082","volume":"21","author":"WF Anderson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Anderson WF, Chu KC, Chang S (2003) Inflammatory breast carcinoma and noninflammatory locally advanced breast carcinoma: distinct clinicopathologic entities? J Clin Oncol 21:2254\u20132259","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"5237_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji172","volume":"97","author":"KW Hance","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hance KW, Anderson WF, Devesa SS, Young HA, Levine PH (2005) Trends in inflammatory breast carcinoma incidence and survival: the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program at the National Cancer Institute. J Natl Cancer Inst 97:966\u2013975","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"5237_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson WF, Schairer C, Chen BE, Hance KW, Levine PH (2005\u20132006) Epidemiology of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC). Breast Dis 22:9\u201323","DOI":"10.3233\/BD-2006-22103"},{"key":"5237_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq345","volume":"22","author":"S Dawood","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dawood S, Merajver SD, Viens P, Vermeulen PB, Swain SM, Buchholz TA, Dirix LY, Levine PH, Lucci A, Krishnamurthy S, Robertson FM, Woodward WA, Yang WT, Ueno NT, Cristofanilli M (2011) International expert panel on inflammatory breast cancer: consensus statement for standardized diagnosis and treatment. Ann Oncol 22:515\u2013523","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"5237_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.36","volume":"1","author":"AS Soliman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Soliman AS, Schairer C (2012) Considerations in setting up and conducting epidemiologic studies of cancer in middle- and low-income countries: the experience of a case-control study on inflammatory breast cancer in North Africa in the past 10 years. Cancer Med 1:338\u2013349","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"5237_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.48","volume":"2","author":"C Schairer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schairer C, Soliman AS, Omar S, Khaled H, Eissa S, Ayed FB, Khalafallah S, Ayoub WB, Kantor ED, Merajver S, Swain SM, Gail M, Brown LM (2013) Assessment of diagnosis of inflammatory breast cancer cases at two cancer centers in Egypt and Tunisia. Cancer Med 2:178\u2013184","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"5237_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2007.11.017","volume":"35","author":"H Boussen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boussen H, Bouzaiene H, Hassouna JB, Gamoudi A, Benna F, Rahal K (2008) Inflammatory breast cancer in Tunisia: reassessment of incidence and clinicopathological features. Semin Oncol 35:17\u201324","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"5237_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soliman AS, Kleer CG, Mrad K, Karkouri M, Omar S, Khaled HM, Benider A-L, Ben Ayed F, Eissa SS, Eissa MS, McSpadden EJ, Lo A-C, Toy K, Kantor ED, Xiao Q, Hampton C, Merajver SD (2011\u20132012) Inflammatory breast cancer in North Africa: comparison of clinical and molecular epidemiologic characteristics of patients from Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco. Breast Dis 33:159\u2013169","DOI":"10.3233\/BD-2012-000337"},{"key":"5237_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-4634-9","volume":"18","author":"M Slaoui","year":"2018","unstructured":"Slaoui M, Zoure AA, Mouh FZ, Bensouda Y, El Mzibri M, Bakri Y, Amrani M (2018) Outcome of inflammatory breast cancer in Moroccan patients: clinical, molecular and pathological characteristics of 219 cases from the National Oncology Institute (INO). BMC Cancer 18:713","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"5237_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-011-1422-5","volume":"131","author":"N Chaher","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chaher N, Arias-Pulido H, Terki N, Qualls C, Bouzid K, Verschraegen C, Wallace AM, Royce M (2012) Molecular and epidemiologic characteristics of inflammatory breast cancer in Algerian patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 131:437\u2013444","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"5237_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdm480","volume":"19","author":"SI Labidi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Labidi SI, Mrad K, Mezlini A, Ouarda MA, Combes JD, Abdallah MB, Romdhane KB, Viens P, Ben Ayed F (2008) Inflammatory breast cancer in Tunisia in the era of multimodality therapy. Ann Oncol 19:473\u2013480","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"5237_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clbc.2014.05.005","volume":"15","author":"JM Matro","year":"2015","unstructured":"Matro JM, Li T, Cristofanilli M, Hughes ME, Ottesen RA, Weeks JC, Wong Y-U (2015) Inflammatory breast cancer management in the National Comprehensive cancer network: the disease, recurrence pattern, and outcome. Clin Breast Cancer 15:1\u20137","journal-title":"Clin Breast Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"5237_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0189385","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189385","volume":"12","author":"Y Dabi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dabi Y, Darrigues L, Pons K, Mabille M, Abd Alsamad I, Mitri R, Skalli D, Haddad B, Touboul C (2017) Incidence of inflammatory breast cancer in patients with clinical inflammatory breast symptoms. PLoS ONE 12(12):e0189385. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0189385","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5237_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-007-9671-z","volume":"109","author":"WT Yang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yang WT, Le-Petross HT, Macapinlac H, Carkaci S, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Dawood S, Resetkova E, Hortobagyi GN, Cristofanilli M (2008) Inflammatory breast cancer: PET\/CT, MRI, mammography, and sonography findings. Breast Cancer Res Treat 109:417\u2013426","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"5237_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clbc.2012.04.005","volume":"12","author":"PH Levine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Levine PH, Portera CC, Hoffman HJ, Yang SX, Takikita M, Duong QN, Hewitt SM, Swain SM (2012) Evaluation of lymphangiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor D and e-cadherin in distinguishing inflammatory from locally advanced breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 12:232\u2013239","journal-title":"Clin Breast Cancer"},{"key":"5237_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3816\/CBC.2005.n.049","volume":"6","author":"MG L\u00ea","year":"2005","unstructured":"L\u00ea MG, Arriagada R, Contesso G, Cammoun M, Pfeiffer F, Tabbane F, Bahi J, Dilaj M, Spielmann M, Travagli J-P, Tursz Mourali N (2005) Dermal lymphatic emboli in inflammatory and noninflammatory breast cancer: a French-Tunisian joint study in 337 patients. Clin Breast Cancer 6:439\u2013445","journal-title":"Clin Breast Cancer"},{"key":"5237_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2233010198","volume":"223","author":"I G\u00fcnhan-Bilgen","year":"2002","unstructured":"G\u00fcnhan-Bilgen I, \u00dcst\u00fcn EE, Memi\u015f A (2002) Inflammatory breast carcinoma: mammographic, ultrasonographic, clinical, and pathologic findings in 142 cases. Radiology 223:829\u2013838","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"5237_CR21","volume-title":"Statistical Methods","author":"GW Snedecor","year":"1980","unstructured":"Snedecor GW, Cochran WG (1980) Statistical Methods, 7th edn. The Iowa State University Press, Ames","edition":"7"},{"key":"5237_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2014.09.003","volume":"93","author":"DJP Van Uden","year":"2015","unstructured":"Van Uden DJP, van Laarhoven HWM, Westenberg AH, deWilt JHW, Blanken-Peeters CFJM (2015) Inflammatory breast cancer: an overview. Crit Rev Oncol\/Hematol 93:116\u2013126","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol\/Hematol"},{"key":"5237_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chow CK (2005\u20132006) Imaging in inflammatory breast carcinoma. Breast Dis 22:45\u201354","DOI":"10.3233\/BD-2006-22106"},{"key":"5237_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers2010143","volume":"2","author":"PH Levine","year":"2010","unstructured":"Levine PH, Zolfaghari L, Young H, Hafi M, Cannon T, Ganesan C, Veneroso C, Brem R, Sherman M (2010) What is inflammatory breast cancer? Revisiting the case definition. Cancers 2:143\u2013152","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"5237_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-2433-z","volume":"10","author":"L Le","year":"2017","unstructured":"Le L, Schairer C, Hablas A, Meza J, Watanabe-Galloway S, Ramadan M, Merajver SD, Seifeldin IA, Soliman AS (2017) Reliability of medical records in diagnosing inflammatory breast cancer in Egypt. BMC Res Notes 10:126","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"5237_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1207\/s15430154jce2103_17","volume":"3","author":"NM Shah","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shah NM, Soliman AS, Benerjee M, Merajver SD, Ismail K, Seifeldin I, Hablas A, Zarzour A, Abdel Aziz A, Ben Ayed F, Chamberlain RM (2006) Knowledge gained after a brief CME moduel on breast cancer diagnosis. J Cancer Educ 3:169\u2013174","journal-title":"J Cancer Educ"},{"key":"5237_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.23969","volume":"9","author":"NT Ueno","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ueno NT, Fernandez JRE, Cristofanilli M, Overmoyer B, Rea D, Berdichevski F, El-Shinawi M, Bellon J, Le-Petross HT, Lucci A, Babiera G, DeSnyder SM, Teshome M, Chang E, Lim B, Krishnamurthy S, Stauder MC, Parmar S, Mohamed MM, Alexander A, Valero V, Woodward WA (2018) International consensus on the clinical management of inflammatory breast cancer from the Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program 10th anniversary conference. J Cancer 9:1437\u20131447","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"5237_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19891101)64:9<1914::AID-CNCR2820640926>3.0.CO;2-G","volume":"64","author":"V Le Doussal","year":"1989","unstructured":"Le Doussal V, Tubiana-Hulin M, Friedman S, Hacene K, Spyratos F, Brunet M (1989) Prognostic value of histologic grade nuclear components of Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR). An improved score modification based on a multivariate analysis of 1262 invasive ductal breast carcinomas. Cancer 64(9):1941\u20131951","journal-title":"Cancer"}],"container-title":["Breast Cancer Research and Treatment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10549-019-05237-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10549-019-05237-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10549-019-05237-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,17]],"date-time":"2020-05-17T09:01:16Z","timestamp":1589706076000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10549-019-05237-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["5237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10549-019-05237-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-6806","1573-7217"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-6806","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7217","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 April 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 April 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 April 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Sandra Swain reports receiving honoraria from Novartis, personal fees from Cardinal Health, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly & Co., Genentech\/Roche, Genomic Health, Inivata, Peiris Pharmaceuticals, Tocagen; research support from Genentech; travel and accommodations from Caris Centers of Excellence, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly & Co., Genentech\/Roche, NanoString Technologies; and remuneration from AstraZeneca for participation on OlympiA IDMC. The other authors declare they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committees.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all study participants.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}