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To fully characterize germline mutations of these genes in this population, we used the whole-exome sequencing data in a population-based case\u2013control study conducted in Shanghai, China.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We evaluated exonic, splicing, and copy number variants in 11 established and 14 candidate breast cancer predisposition genes in 831 invasive breast cancer cases and 839 controls. We identified 55 pathogenic variants, including 15 newly identified in this study.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Approximately 8% of the cases and 0.6% of the cancer-free controls carried these pathogenetic variants (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093.05\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u221215<\/jats:sup>). Among cases, 3.7% had a <jats:italic>BRCA<\/jats:italic>2 pathogenic variant and 1.6% had a <jats:italic>BRCA1<\/jats:italic> pathogenic variant, while 2.5% had a pathogenic variant in other genes including <jats:italic>ATM, CHEK2, NBN, NF1, CDH1, PALB2, PTEN, TP53<\/jats:italic> as well as <jats:italic>BARD1, BRIP,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>RAD51D<\/jats:italic>. Patients with <jats:italic>BRCA<\/jats:italic>1\/2 pathogenic variants were more likely to have a family history of breast cancer and hormone receptor negative tumors compared with patients without pathogenic variants.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study highlighted the importance of hereditary breast cancer genes in the breast cancer etiology in this understudied population. Together with previous studies in East Asian women, this study suggested a relatively more prominent role of <jats:italic>BRCA2<\/jats:italic> compared to <jats:italic>BRCA1<\/jats:italic>. This study also provides additional evidence to design cost-efficient genetic testing among Chinese women for risk assessment and early detection of breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-020-05643-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T14:02:28Z","timestamp":1587477748000},"page":"465-473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Evaluation of pathogenetic mutations in breast cancer predisposition genes in population-based studies conducted among Chinese women"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Chenjie","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingyi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanqing","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajun","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jirong","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuyin","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Ou","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongbin","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1226-070X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"5643_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e279","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70567-9","volume":"15","author":"L Fan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fan L, Strasser-Weippl K, Li JJ, St Louis J, Finkelstein DM, Yu KD, Chen WQ, Shao ZM, Goss PE (2014) Breast cancer in China. 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