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In this context, we investigated the impact of beta-blocker exposure on risk for progression to invasive breast cancer after diagnosis of ductal cancer in situ (DCIS).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The retrospective study population included 2535 women diagnosed with pure DCIS between 2006 and2012 in three healthcare regions in SwedenExposure to beta-blocker was quantified using a time-varying percentage of days with medication available. The absolute risk was quantified using cumulative incidence functions and cox models were applied to quantify the association between beta-blocker exposure and time from DCIS diagnosis to invasive breast cancer, accounting for delayed effects, competing risks and pre-specified confounders.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The median follow-up was 8.7\u00a0years. One third of the patients in our cohort were exposed to beta-blockers post DCIS diagnosis. During the study period, 48 patients experienced an invasive recurrence, giving a cumulative incidence of invasive breast cancer progression of 1.8% at five years. The cumulative exposure to beta-blocker was associated with a reduced risk in a dose-dependent manner, though the effect was not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our observational study is suggestive of a protective effect of beta-blockers against invasive breast cancer after primary DCIS diagnosis. These results provide rationales for experimental and clinical follow-up studies in carefully selected DCIS groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-024-07358-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,19]],"date-time":"2024-05-19T16:01:21Z","timestamp":1716134481000},"page":"293-299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Use of beta-blockers in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ and risk of invasive breast cancer recurrence: a Swedish retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"207","author":[{"given":"Carina","family":"Strell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel Robert","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonis","family":"Valachis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hell\u00e9n","family":"Woldeyesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotta","family":"Wadsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Micke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irma","family":"Fredriksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5514-3637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aglaia","family":"Schiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"7358_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.08.013","volume":"50","author":"E Lynge","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lynge E, Ponti A, James T et al (2014) Variation in detection of ductal carcinoma in situ during screening mammography: a survey within the international cancer screening network. 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