{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T07:20:23Z","timestamp":1787642423110,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032339","name":"BioNTech SE","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Breast Cancer Res Treat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Contemporary real-world data on treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-negative locally recurrent inoperable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (lr\/mTNBC) are sparse. We describe first-line (1L) systemic therapies and real-world survival outcomes in this population in the United States (US).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults with PD-L1-negative lr\/mTNBC initiating 1L systemic treatment in the US were identified using the Komodo Research Data (KRD+; 1\/1\/2016-12\/31\/2023). Treatment patterns, including treatment durations and sequences from 1L through three lines of therapy, real-world overall survival (rwOS) and progression-free survival (rwPFS) from 1L, were analyzed. rwOS and rwPFS were summarized using Kaplan-Meier methods in subgroups of patients with \u2265\u200918 months and \u2265\u20096 months of potential follow-up, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 929 patients were included (median age 59.0 years, 60.1% White, 26.4% Black or African American, 64.9% commercially insured). Most common 1L treatments included cyclophosphamide\u2009+\u2009doxorubicin-based regimens (28.1%), capecitabine (12.7%), and paclitaxel (10.4%); 44.5% were observed to receive a second-line treatment, and 16.0% a third-line treatment. Treatment sequences were heterogeneous, with 329 unique sequences captured. Median rwOS and rwPFS (95% confidence interval) were 12.2 (10.7, 14.4) months and 4.7 (4.5, 5.2) months, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this large real-world US cohort of patients with PD-L1-negative lr\/mTNBC, 1L treatment regimens were highly heterogeneous and often diverged from guideline recommendations. Despite treatment, survival outcomes remain poor within this patient population. These findings highlight the need for more effective therapeutic options for this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-026-08040-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T05:33:04Z","timestamp":1785907984000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["First-line treatment patterns and real-world survival outcomes in PD-L1-negative locally recurrent inoperable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"218","author":[{"given":"Tiffany A.","family":"Traina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerome","family":"Bedard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohira","family":"Levesque-Leroux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Gagnon-Sanschagrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Gu\u00e9rin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Guenther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Salcedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"8040_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/s41523-022-00468-0","volume":"20","author":"P Zagami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zagami P, Carey LA (2022) Triple negative breast cancer: Pitfalls and progress. 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Traina has received consulting\/advisory fees from BioNTech SE, Genentech\/Roche, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Merck, Daiichi Sankyo, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Tersera, Stemline Therapeutics, Exact Sciences, Veracyte, Aktis Oncology, and Ellipses Pharma; and research funding from BioNTech SE, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Astellas Pharma, Genentech\/Roche, and Daiichi Sankyo. Elizabeth Serra, Jerome Bedard, Mohira Levesque-Leroux, Patrick Gagnon-Sanschagrin, and Annie Gu\u00e9rin are employees of Analysis Group ULC, a consulting company that has provided paid consulting services to BioNTech SE, which funded the development and conduct of this study and manuscript. Silke Guenther is an employee of BioNTech SE and owns stock\/stock options. George Joseph, Victoria Guan, and Jonathan Salcedo are employees of BioNTech US Inc and own stock\/stock options.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"30"}}