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It is unclear whether this can be extrapolated to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This population-based cohort study used data from the Breast Cancer Database Sweden (BCBaSe 3.0) to compare overall survival (OS), breast cancer\u2013specific survival (BCSS) and local recurrence (LR) probabilities in three different age groups (&lt;\u200960, 60\u201369, 70\u2009+\u2009years) of women with primary DCIS undergoing breast-conserving surgery with radiotherapy (BCS\u2009+\u2009RT), mastectomy without radiotherapy (Mx-RT), or breast-conserving surgery without radiotherapy (BCS-RT) during 2008\u20132019. Complete cases (CC) and multiple imputation (MI) analyses were applied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 7165 women, treatment was BCS\u2009+\u2009RT (53.3%), BCS-RT (13.4%), or Mx-RT (33.2%). Estimated 10-year OS was 90.4% (95% CI 89.3\u201391.5) and BCSS 98.8% (98.3\u201399.2). After adjustments for patient and tumour factors, including socioeconomic status and comorbidity, Mx-RT was associated with a higher overall mortality than BCS\u2009+\u2009RT in CC (HR 2.10; 95% CI 1.20\u20133.67) but not in MI analyses (HR 1.29; 0.95\u20131.76). In age 70\u2009+\u2009years, however, the overall mortality was consistently increased (CC: HR 2.48; 1.09\u20135.62, MI: HR 1.89; 1.23\u20132.90). Also BCS-RT was associated with a higher overall mortality than BCS\u2009+\u2009RT (CC: HR 2.68; 1.34\u20135.34, and MI: HR 1.72; 1.23\u20132.39). The 10-year LR probability was low (7.2%, 95% CI 6.3-8.0). Compared to BCS\u2009+\u2009RT, Mx-RT was associated with a lower (HR 0.18, 95% CI 0.11\u20130.28) and BCS-RT with a higher LR risk (HR 1.79; 1.31\u20132.46), especially among ages 70+.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BCS\u2009+\u2009RT in DCIS appears safe. Acknowledging potential selection bias, BCS\u2009+\u2009RT may be associated with favourable overall survival outcomes in older women despite a higher risk of local recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-026-08097-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:02:40Z","timestamp":1792519360000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Age-specific survival after breast conservation versus mastectomy for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"220","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9518-0902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"de Boniface","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Szulkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna L. 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