{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T23:00:36Z","timestamp":1780095636097,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Causes Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyze current vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) data with respect to age groups and determine if gynecologic cancer screening guidelines address the burden of VSCC on the\u2009\u2265\u200965 cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient data from 2004 to 2021 was identified from the National Cancer Database using ICD-10 codes specific for the vulva, and ICD-O-3 histology codes for squamous cell carcinoma or premalignant vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia Grade III. GraphPad Prism and IBM SPSS were used to analyze variable frequency with cross analysis. Chi-squared tests, Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curves with log-rank comparison, and Cox proportional hazard regression models were utilized for statistical analysis. For regression models of hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs), the 50\u201364-year-old cohort was used as a reference variable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The patient population was 68,153. Mean overall survival decreased as age increased (\u2264\u200949\u00a0years old was 184.9\u00a0months, 50\u201364\u00a0years old was 152.1\u00a0months, 65\u201374\u00a0years old was 107.3\u00a0months, and\u2009\u2265\u200975\u00a0years old was 57.7\u00a0months). The\u2009\u2265\u200975-year-old cohort had a 330% higher risk of mortality when compared to the reference variable (HR 4.3,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), followed by the 65\u201374-year-old cohort (HR 1.96,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The\u2009\u2265\u200975\u00a0years old and 65\u201374-year-old cohorts had the highest likelihood of advanced VSCC (OR 1.91,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and OR 1.37,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients\u2009\u2265\u200965\u00a0years old are significantly more likely to experience worse survival outcomes and higher stage diseases, indicating that a lack of screening protocols may influence VSCC outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-026-02141-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T07:09:24Z","timestamp":1772003364000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The impact of absent vulvar cancer screening guidelines on outcomes of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma: a national cancer database study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1754-0551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grace","family":"Folino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Kate","family":"Eiden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mya","family":"Vasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Silberstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"DiBlasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2141_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/ijph.2022.1605021","volume":"67","author":"WL Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou WL, Yue YY (2022) Trends in the incidence of vulvar and vaginal cancers with different histology by race, age, and region in the United States. 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