{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T08:09:13Z","timestamp":1789027753756,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786147200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health","award":["1U54CA280804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U54CA280804"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Causes Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-026-02223-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T07:14:57Z","timestamp":1786173297000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-term poverty, rurality, and geographic disparities in colorectal cancer: a spatial analysis in Texas"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Ryan","family":"Ramphul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey","family":"Farrigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanchen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jooyeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Rechis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Basen-Engquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorna","family":"McNeill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2223_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djn517","volume":"101","author":"N Howlader","year":"2009","unstructured":"Howlader N, Ries LA, Stinchcomb DG, Edwards BK (2009) The impact of underreported Veterans Affairs data on national cancer statistics: analysis using population-based SEER registries. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 101:533\u2013536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/djn517","journal-title":"JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2223_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19148613","volume":"19","author":"AK Miller","year":"2022","unstructured":"Miller AK, Gordon JC, Curtis JW et al (2022) The geographic context of racial disparities in aggressive endometrial cancer subtypes: integrating social and environmental aspects to discern biological outcomes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19:8613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19148613","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2223_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2008) Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health"},{"key":"2223_CR4","unstructured":"Baciu A, Negussie Y, Geller A, Weinstein JN (2017) Communities in action: Pathways to health equity"},{"key":"2223_CR5","unstructured":"Dalaker (2025) 10-20-30 Provision: Defining Persistent Poverty Counties. US Government Printing Office"},{"key":"2223_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12476","volume":"36","author":"CH Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang CH, Schwartz GG (2020) Spatial disparities in coronavirus incidence and mortality in the United States: an ecological analysis as of May 2020. J Rural Health 36:433\u2013445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jrh.12476","journal-title":"J Rural Health"},{"issue":"04","key":"2223_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1142\/S0217590822440076","volume":"68","author":"B Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen B, Kuang G (2023) Role of sustainable infrastructure development to poverty alleviation in Asia: does inclusive growth matter in a collective economic environment. Singapore Econ Rev 68(04):1345\u20131373","journal-title":"Singapore Econ Rev"},{"key":"2223_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-23-1255","volume":"33","author":"JL Moss","year":"2024","unstructured":"Moss JL, Geyer NR, Lengerich EJ (2024) Patterns of cancer-related healthcare access across Pennsylvania: analysis of novel census tract-level indicators of persistent poverty. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 33:616\u2013623","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2223_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e431","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyad347","volume":"29","author":"A Sepassi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sepassi A, Li M, Zell JA et al (2024) Rural-urban disparities in colorectal cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship care: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncologist 29:e431\u2013e446","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"2223_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-024-01874-4","volume":"35","author":"M-H Tsai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tsai M-H, Coughlin SS (2024) Investigating the role of county-level colorectal cancer screening rates on stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer in rural Georgia. Cancer Causes Control 35:1123\u20131131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10552-024-01874-4","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"2223_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-927","volume":"14","author":"SL Pruitt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pruitt SL, Davidson NO, Gupta S et al (2014) Missed opportunities: racial and neighborhood socioeconomic disparities in emergency colorectal cancer diagnosis and surgery. BMC Cancer 14:927. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2407-14-927","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"2223_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-20-0007","volume":"29","author":"JL Moss","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moss JL, Pinto CN, Srinivasan S et al (2020) Persistent poverty and cancer mortality rates: an analysis of county-level poverty designations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 29:1949\u20131954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-20-0007","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2223_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14193954","volume":"14","author":"NA Masdor","year":"2022","unstructured":"Masdor NA, Mohammed Nawi A, Hod R et al (2022) The link between food environment and colorectal cancer: a systematic review. Nutrients 14:3954","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2223_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6614a1","author":"SJ Henley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Henley SJ (2017) Invasive cancer incidence, 2004\u20132013, and deaths, 2006\u20132015, in nonmetropolitan and metropolitan counties\u2014United States. MMWR Surveill Summ. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.ss6614a1","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"2223_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-009-9299-x","volume":"20","author":"RT Greenlee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Greenlee RT, Howe HL (2009) County-level poverty and distant stage cancer in the United States. Cancer Causes Control 20:989\u20131000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10552-009-9299-x","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"2223_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e63","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301572","volume":"104","author":"R Hines","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hines R, Markossian T, Johnson A et al (2014) Geographic residency status and census tract socioeconomic status as determinants of colorectal cancer outcomes. Am J Public Health 104:e63\u2013e71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301572","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2223_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01321541","volume":"14","author":"CE Begley","year":"1989","unstructured":"Begley CE, Aday LA, McCandless R (1989) Evaluation of a primary health care program for the poor. J Community Health 14:107\u2013120","journal-title":"J Community Health"},{"key":"2223_CR18","volume-title":"SEER cancer statistics review, 1975-2018","year":"2021","unstructured":"Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Miller D, Brest A, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z, Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds) (2021) SEER cancer statistics review, 1975-2018. National Cancer Institute"},{"key":"2223_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farrigan T, Sanders A (2024) The poverty area measures data product","DOI":"10.32747\/2024.8754225.ers"},{"key":"2223_CR20","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service (2025) Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) Codes, 2020 Version. https:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/data-products\/rural-urban-commuting-area-codes. Accessed 23 Feb 2026"},{"key":"2223_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.042432","volume":"95","author":"LG Hart","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hart LG, Larson EH, Lishner DM (2005) Rural definitions for health policy and research. Am J Public Health 95:1149\u20131155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2004.042432","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2223_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2016.303212","volume":"106","author":"JT Caldwell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Caldwell JT, Ford CL, Wallace SP et al (2016) Intersection of living in a rural versus urban area and race\/ethnicity in explaining access to health care in the United States. Am J Public Health 106:1463\u20131469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2016.303212","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"2223_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-013-0201-5","volume":"24","author":"CM Johnson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Johnson CM, Wei C, Ensor JE, Smolenski DJ, Amos CI, Levin B, Berry DA (2013) Meta-analyses of colorectal cancer risk factors. Cancer Causes Control 24(6):1207\u20131222","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"2223_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.12.030","volume":"7","author":"CJ Kahi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kahi CJ, Imperiale TF, Juliar BE, Rex DK (2009) Effect of screening colonoscopy on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 7:770\u2013775","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2223_CR25","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2023) PLACES: Local Data for Better Health. In: PLACES: Local Data for Better Health"},{"key":"2223_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280216660421","volume":"25","author":"A Riebler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Riebler A, S\u00f8rbye SH, Simpson D, Rue H (2016) An intuitive Bayesian spatial model for disease mapping that accounts for scaling. Stat Methods Med Res 25:1145\u20131165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0962280216660421","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"2223_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1191\/0962280206sm424oa","volume":"15","author":"MD Ugarte","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ugarte MD, Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez B, Militino AF (2006) Modelling risks in disease mapping. Stat Methods Med Res 15:21\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1191\/0962280206sm424oa","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"2223_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2008.00700.x","volume":"71","author":"H Rue","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rue H, Martino S, Chopin N (2009) Approximate Bayesian inference for latent Gaussian models by using integrated nested Laplace approximations. J Royal Stat Soc: Ser B Stat Methodol 71:319\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2008.00700.x","journal-title":"J Royal Stat Soc: Ser B Stat Methodol"},{"key":"2223_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2024.102598","volume":"91","author":"F Jalili","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jalili F, Hajizadeh M, Mehrabani S et al (2024) The association between neighborhood socioeconomic status and the risk of incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 1,678,582 participants. Cancer Epidemiol 91:102598","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"2223_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-016-2324-z","volume":"16","author":"Z Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu Z, Zhang K, Du XL (2016) Risks of developing breast and colorectal cancer in association with incomes and geographic locations in Texas: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 16:294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-016-2324-z","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"2223_CR31","unstructured":"KFF (formerly Kaiser Family Foundation) (2024) Status of State Medicaid Expansion Decisions: Interactive Map. In: KFF. https:\/\/www.kff.org\/medicaid\/status-of-state-medicaid-expansion-decisions\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com. Accessed 25 June 2026"},{"key":"2223_CR32","unstructured":"Texas State Historical Association (2025) Indigent Health Care and Treatment Act. Handbook of Texas. Texas State Historical Association. https:\/\/www.tshaonline.org\/handbook\/entries\/indigent-health-care-and-treatment-act. Accessed 19 June 2026"},{"key":"2223_CR33","unstructured":"Texas Health and Human Services Texas Health and Human Services Commission. https:\/\/www.hhs.texas.gov\/services\/health\/county-indigent-health-care-program. Accessed 19 June 2026"}],"container-title":["Cancer Causes & Control"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10552-026-02223-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10552-026-02223-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10552-026-02223-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T07:49:01Z","timestamp":1789026541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10552-026-02223-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["2223"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10552-026-02223-3","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-9359859\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0957-5243","1573-7225"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-5243","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7225","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The Texas Cancer Registry data were obtained under a formal data use agreement with the Texas Department of State Health Services. All procedures involving research study participants were approved by the Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects at UTHealth Houston School of Public Health (IRB number: HSC-SPH-24-0164).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"141"}}