{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T18:04:53Z","timestamp":1780509893207,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613952000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-021-02193-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T11:03:58Z","timestamp":1613991838000},"page":"1987-1997","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The corrected left ventricular ejection fraction: a potential new measure of ventricular function"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2744-3509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan Carl Luis","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Rooms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Hyde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Rohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angus K.","family":"Nightingale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Paton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Manghat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Bucciarelli-Ducci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henggui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David H.","family":"MacIver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2193_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.88.2.416","volume":"88","author":"A Volpi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Volpi A, De Vita C, Franzosi MG, Geraci E, Maggioni AP, Mauri F et al (1993) Determinants of 6-month mortality in survivors of myocardial infarction after thrombolysis. Results of the GISSI-2 data base. The Ad hoc Working Group of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell\u2019Infarto Miocardico (GISSI)-2 Data Base. Circulation 88(2):416\u2013429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.88.2.416","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"2193_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq121","volume":"13","author":"CS Lam","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lam CS, Donal E, Kraigher-Krainer E, Vasan RS (2011) Epidemiology and clinical course of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail 13(1):18\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq121","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"3","key":"2193_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051530","volume":"355","author":"RS Bhatia","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bhatia RS, Tu JV, Lee DS, Austin PC, Fang J, Haouzi A et al (2006) Outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in a population-based study. N Engl J Med 355(3):260\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa051530","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2193_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052256","volume":"355","author":"TE Owan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Owan TE, Hodge DO, Herges RM, Jacobsen SJ, Roger VL, Redfield MM (2006) Trends in prevalence and outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med 355(3):251\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa052256","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2193_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.592","volume":"18","author":"P Ponikowski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JG, Coats AJ et al (2016) ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The task force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European society of cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart failure association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail 18(8):891\u2013975. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.592","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2193_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm037","volume":"28","author":"WJ Paulus","year":"2007","unstructured":"Paulus WJ, Tschope C, Sanderson JE, Rusconi C, Flachskampf FA, Rademakers F et al (2007) How to diagnose diastolic heart failure: a consensus statement on the diagnosis of heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction by the heart failure and echocardiography associations of the european society of cardiology. Eur Heart J 28:2539\u20132550","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2193_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.09.052","volume":"63","author":"E Kraigher-Krainer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kraigher-Krainer E, Shah AM, Gupta DK, Santos A, Claggett B, Pieske B et al (2014) Impaired systolic function by strain imaging in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol 63(5):447\u2013456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.09.052","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2193_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9149(99)80201-x","volume":"76","author":"GP Aurigemma","year":"1995","unstructured":"Aurigemma GP, Gaasch WH, McLaughlin M, McGinn R, Sweeney A, Meyer TE (1995) Reduced left ventricular systolic pump performance and depressed myocardial contractile function in patients > 65 years of age with normal ejection fraction and a high relative wall thickness. Am J Cardiol 76(10):702\u2013705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9149(99)80201-x","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2193_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.06.076","volume":"96","author":"CS Vinch","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vinch CS, Aurigemma GP, Simon HU, Hill JC, Tighe DA, Meyer TE (2005) Analysis of left ventricular systolic function using midwall mechanics in patients > 60 years of age with hypertensive heart disease and heart failure. Am J Cardiol 96(9):1299\u20131303","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2193_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.4250\/jcu.2009.17.4.127","volume":"17","author":"YS Koh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Koh YS, Jung HO, Park MW, Baek JY, Yoon SG, Kim PJ et al (2009) Comparison of left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis and dysfunction according to various disease mechanisms such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound 17(4):127\u2013134","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Ultrasound"},{"issue":"22","key":"2193_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005313222203","volume":"322","author":"D Levy","year":"1990","unstructured":"Levy D, Garrison RJ, Savage DD, Kannel WB, Castelli WP (1990) Prognostic implications of echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass in the framingham heart study. N Engl J Med 322(22):1561\u20131566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199005313222203","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2193_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-5-345","volume":"114","author":"MJ Koren","year":"1991","unstructured":"Koren MJ, Devereux RB, Casale PN, Savage DD, Laragh JH (1991) Relation of left ventricular mass and geometry to morbidity and mortality in uncomplicated essential hypertension. Ann Intern Med 114(5):345\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-114-5-345","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2193_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2006.114082","volume":"94","author":"DH Maciver","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maciver DH, Townsend M (2008) A novel mechanism of heart failure with normal ejection fraction. Heart 94(4):446\u2013449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/hrt.2006.114082","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"3","key":"2193_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jeq185","volume":"12","author":"DH Maciver","year":"2011","unstructured":"Maciver DH (2011) A new method for quantification of left ventricular systolic function using a corrected ejection fraction. Eur J Echocardiogr 12(3):228\u2013234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejechocard\/jeq185","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"8","key":"2193_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.06.046","volume":"70","author":"TM Stokke","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stokke TM, Hasselberg NE, Smedsrud MK, Sarvari SI, Haugaa KH, Smiseth OA et al (2017) Geometry as a confounder when assessing ventricular systolic function: comparison between ejection fraction and strain. J Am Coll Cardiol 70(8):942\u2013954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.06.046","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2193_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1081\/jcmr-120016389","volume":"4","author":"DJ Pennell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pennell DJ (2002) Ventricular volume and mass by CMR. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 4(4):507\u2013513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1081\/jcmr-120016389","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"2193_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2015.03.007","volume":"7","author":"DH MacIver","year":"2015","unstructured":"MacIver DH, Adeniran I, Zhang H (2015) Left ventricular ejection fraction is determined by both global myocardial strain and wall thickness. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 7:113\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcha.2015.03.007","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc"},{"issue":"5 Pt 2","key":"2193_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H1864","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1996.271.5.H1864","volume":"271","author":"FC Yin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Yin FC, Chan CC, Judd RM (1996) Compressibility of perfused passive myocardium. Am J Physiol 271(5 Pt 2):H1864\u2013H1870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.1996.271.5.H1864","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2193_CR19","first-page":"5","volume":"17","author":"DH Maciver","year":"2012","unstructured":"Maciver DH (2012) The relative impact of circumferential and longitudinal shortening on left ventricular ejection fraction and stroke volume. Exp Clin Cardiol 17(1):5\u201311","journal-title":"Exp Clin Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2193_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12849","volume":"18","author":"JC Rodrigues","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rodrigues JC, Rohan S, Dastidar AG, Trickey A, Szantho G, Ratcliffe LE et al (2016) The relationship between left ventricular wall thickness, myocardial shortening, and ejection fraction in hypertensive heart disease: insights from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. J Clin Hypertens 18(11):1119\u20131127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jch.12849","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens"},{"issue":"2","key":"2193_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000152819.97857.9D","volume":"111","author":"AM Maceira","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maceira AM, Joshi J, Prasad SK, Moon JC, Perugini E, Harding I et al (2005) Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in cardiac amyloidosis. Circulation 111(2):186\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.0000152819.97857.9D","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"21","key":"2193_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2014-305710","volume":"100","author":"E Pozo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pozo E, Kanwar A, Deochand R, Castellano JM, Naib T, Pazos-Lopez P et al (2014) Cardiac magnetic resonance evaluation of left ventricular remodelling distribution in cardiac amyloidosis. Heart 100(21):1688\u20131695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/heartjnl-2014-305710","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"3","key":"2193_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1080\/10976640600572889","volume":"8","author":"AM Maceira","year":"2006","unstructured":"Maceira AM, Prasad SK, Khan M, Pennell DJ (2006) Normalized left ventricular systolic and diastolic function by steady state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 8(3):417\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10976640600572889","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"issue":"4","key":"2193_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.112.973560","volume":"5","author":"N Kawel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kawel N, Turkbey EB, Carr JJ, Eng J, Gomes AS, Hundley WG et al (2012) Normal left ventricular myocardial thickness for middle-aged and older subjects with steady-state free precession cardiac magnetic resonance: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 5(4):500\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.112.973560","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"2193_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezx290","volume":"53","author":"DH MacIver","year":"2018","unstructured":"MacIver DH, Stephenson RS, Jensen B, Agger P, Sanchez-Quintana D, Jarvis JC et al (2018) The end of the unique myocardial band: Part I. Anatomical considerations. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 53(1):112\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejcts\/ezx290","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2193_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90390-5","volume":"23","author":"G de Simone","year":"1994","unstructured":"de Simone G, Devereux RB, Roman MJ, Ganau A, Saba PS, Alderman MH et al (1994) Assessment of left ventricular function by the midwall fractional shortening\/end-systolic stress relation in human hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 23(6):1444\u20131451. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90390-5","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2193_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1053\/euje.2002.0163","volume":"3","author":"G de Simone","year":"2002","unstructured":"de Simone G, Devereux RB (2002) Rationale of echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular wall stress and midwall mechanics in hypertensive heart disease. Eur J Echocardiogr 3(3):192\u2013198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/euje.2002.0163","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2193_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001626","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001626","volume":"4","author":"WK Laskey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Laskey WK, Alomari I, Cox M, Schulte PJ, Zhao X, Hernandez AF et al (2015) Heart rate at hospital discharge in patients with heart failure is associated with mortality and rehospitalization. J Am Heart Association 4(4):e001626","journal-title":"J Am Heart Association"},{"issue":"15","key":"2193_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.08.022","volume":"70","author":"PH Lam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lam PH, Dooley DJ, Deedwania P, Singh SN, Bhatt DL, Morgan CJ et al (2017) Heart rate and outcomes in hospitalized patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol 70(15):1861\u20131871. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.08.022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2193_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.03.093","volume":"165","author":"DH MacIver","year":"2013","unstructured":"MacIver DH, Dayer MJ, Harrison AJ (2013) A general theory of acute and chronic heart failure. Int J Cardiol 165(1):25\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.03.093","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2193_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.01.140","volume":"261","author":"L Forsythe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Forsythe L, MacIver DH, Johnson C, George K, Somauroo S, Papadakis M et al (2018) The relationship between left ventricular structure and function in the elite senior rugby football league athlete as determined by conventional 2D echocardiography and myocardial strain imaging. Int J Cardiol 261:211\u2013217","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2193_CR32","first-page":"4994","volume":"20","author":"DH MacIver","year":"2014","unstructured":"MacIver DH (2014) The impact of mitral regurgitation on left ventricular ejection fraction using mathematical modelling. Exp Clin Cardiol 20(9):4994\u20135008","journal-title":"Exp Clin Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2193_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2015.11.016","volume":"9","author":"JC Rodrigues","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rodrigues JC, Dastidar AG, Paton JF, MacIver DH (2016) Precursors of hypertensive heart phenotype develop in healthy adults: an alternative explanation. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 9(6):762\u2013763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmg.2015.11.016","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10554-021-02193-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10554-021-02193-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10554-021-02193-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]],"date-time":"2021-07-04T19:04:18Z","timestamp":1625425458000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10554-021-02193-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["2193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10554-021-02193-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1569-5794","1573-0743"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1569-5794","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-0743","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 October 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 February 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"JCLR reports speaker\u2019s fees from Sanofi and\u00a0consultancy fees from NHSX outside the scope of this work. All other authors have no conflicts to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The local research ethics committee confirmed that this study conformed to the governance arrangements for research ethics committees.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All subjects provided informed, written consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors consent for publication.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}