{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T14:55:50Z","timestamp":1778252150268,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-025-03586-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T10:15:06Z","timestamp":1765534506000},"page":"283-292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cardiac and renal sympathetic nerve activation in early-stage HFpEF: insights from 131I-MIBG imaging study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6148-4033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meijing","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huayi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lizhuo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuzhi","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingzhen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5323-6733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10431","key":"3586_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02756-3","volume":"403","author":"P Campbell","year":"2024","unstructured":"Campbell P, Rutten FH, Lee MM, Hawkins NM, Petrie MC (2024) Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: everything the clinician needs to know. Lancet 403(10431):1083\u20131092. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02756-3","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3586_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2410027","volume":"392","author":"M Packer","year":"2025","unstructured":"Packer M, Zile MR, Kramer CM, Baum SJ, Litwin SE, Menon V et al (2025) Tirzepatide for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity. N Engl J Med 392:427\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2410027","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3586_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.26810565","volume":"126","author":"H Brzy\u017ckiewicz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brzy\u017ckiewicz H, Konduracka E, Gajos G, Janion M (2016) Incidence of chronic heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with hypertension and isolated mild diastolic dysfunction. Pol Arch Med Wewn 126:12\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20452\/pamw.26810565","journal-title":"Pol Arch Med Wewn"},{"key":"3586_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-025-01337-4","volume":"27","author":"MS Arshad","year":"2025","unstructured":"Arshad MS, Kittipibul V, Fudim M (2025) Sympathetic nervous system in heart failure: targets for treatments. Curr Hypertens Rep 27:20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11906-025-01337-4","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"key":"3586_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00620","volume":"10","author":"J Milagro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Milagro J, Deviaene M, Gil E, L\u00e1zaro J, Buyse B, Testelmans D et al (2019) Autonomic dysfunction increases cardiovascular risk in the presence of sleep apnea. Front Physiol 10:620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2019.00620","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"3586_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.118.008534","volume":"11","author":"FM Bengel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bengel FM (2018) Imaging of myocardial catecholamine uptake. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 11:e008534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.118.008534","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"3586_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd9060181","volume":"9","author":"F Iellamo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Iellamo F, Perrone MA, Cimini A, Caminiti G, Chiaravalloti A, Parisi A et al (2022) Complementary role of combined indirect and direct cardiac sympathetic (hyper)activity assessment in patients with heart failure by spectral analysis of heart rate variability and nuclear imaging: possible application in the evaluation of exercise training effects. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 9:181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcdd9060181","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Dev Dis"},{"key":"3586_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-018-1196-9","volume":"26","author":"K Curl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Curl K, Hansen CL (2019) 123I-mIBG: simplicity and reproducibility. J Nucl Cardiol 26:1566\u20131568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12350-018-1196-9","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"key":"3586_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl325","volume":"28","author":"MM Henneman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Henneman MM, Bax JJ, van der Wall EE (2007) Monitoring of therapeutic effect in heart failure patients: a clinical application of 123I MIBG imaging? Eur Heart J 28:922\u2013923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl325","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"3586_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.14857","volume":"12","author":"A Beghini","year":"2025","unstructured":"Beghini A, Sammartino AM, Papp Z, von Haehling S, Biegus J, Ponikowski P et al (2025) 2024 update in heart failure. ESC Heart Fail 12:8\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.14857","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"3586_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-018-0049-x","volume":"41","author":"Y Minoura","year":"2018","unstructured":"Minoura Y, Onimaru H, Iigaya K, Kobayashi Y (2018) Modulation of sympathetic preganglionic neuron activity via adrenergic receptors. Hypertens Res 41:499\u2013505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41440-018-0049-x","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"3586_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2021.11.007","volume":"7","author":"DM Kaye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kaye DM, Nanayakkara S, Wang B, Shihata W, Marques FZ, Esler M et al (2022) Characterization of cardiac sympathetic nervous system and inflammatory activation in HFpEF patients. JACC Basic Transl Sci 7:116\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacbts.2021.11.007","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl Sci"},{"key":"3586_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.17.2144","volume":"288","author":"DW Kitzman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kitzman DW, Little WC, Brubaker PH, Anderson RT, Hundley WG, Marburger CT et al (2002) Pathophysiological characterization of isolated diastolic heart failure in comparison to systolic heart failure. JAMA 288:2144\u20132150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.288.17.2144","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3586_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-018-1307-2","volume":"108","author":"AF Hoogerwaard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hoogerwaard AF, de Jong MR, Adiyaman A, Smit JJJ, Delnoy PPHM, Heeg JE et al (2019) Renal sympathetic denervation induces changes in heart rate variability and is associated with a lower sympathetic tone. Clin Res Cardiol 108:22\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00392-018-1307-2","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"key":"3586_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/s0720-048x(01)00442-9","volume":"41","author":"A Kurtaran","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kurtaran A, Traub T, Shapiro B (2002) Scintigraphic imaging of the adrenal glands. Eur J Radiol 41:123\u2013130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0720-048x(01)00442-9","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"3586_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.06.055","volume":"86","author":"M Packer","year":"2025","unstructured":"Packer M (2025) The adipokine hypothesis of heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction: a novel framework to explain pathogenesis and guide treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol 86:1269\u20131373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.06.055","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"3586_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13755","volume":"52","author":"A Upadhyaya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Upadhyaya A, Bhandiwad A, Lang J, Sadhu JS, Barrs C, Jain S et al (2022) Coronary circulatory function with increasing obesity: a complex U-turn. Eur J Clin Invest 52:e13755. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eci.13755","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"3586_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2024.100936","volume":"3","author":"I Valenta","year":"2024","unstructured":"Valenta I, Upadhyaya A, Jain S, Schindler TH (2024) PET\/CT assessment of flow-mediated epicardial vasodilation in obesity and severe obesity. JACC: Advances 3:100936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacadv.2024.100936","journal-title":"JACC: Advances"},{"key":"3586_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.122.319989","volume":"130","author":"KP Patel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Patel KP, Katsurada K, Zheng H (2022) Cardiorenal syndrome: the role of neural connections between the heart and the kidneys. Circ Res 130:1601\u20131617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.122.319989","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"3586_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2019.10.008","volume":"71","author":"M Correale","year":"2020","unstructured":"Correale M, Paolillo S, Mercurio V, Limongelli G, Barill\u00e0 F, Ruocco G et al (2020) Comorbidities in chronic heart failure: an update from Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC) Working Group on Heart Failure. Eur J Intern Med 71:23\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejim.2019.10.008","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"3586_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.08.054","author":"BJ van Essen","year":"2025","unstructured":"van Essen BJ, Ceelen DCH, Ouwerkerk W, Teng TK, Tharshana GN, Hew FM et al (2025) Pharmacological treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.08.054","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"3586_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-016-1656-y","volume":"17","author":"K Park","year":"2016","unstructured":"Park K, Park TH (2016) Comparative effects of nebivolol and carvedilol on left ventricular diastolic function in older heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 17:530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-016-1656-y","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"3586_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1916598","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.16598","volume":"2","author":"DN Silverman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Silverman DN, Plante TB, Infeld M, Callas PW, Juraschek SP, Dougherty GB et al (2019) Association of \u03b2-blocker use with heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular disease mortality among patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction: a secondary analysis of the TOPCAT trial. JAMA Netw Open 2:e1916598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.16598","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"3586_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2023.5500","volume":"9","author":"P Palau","year":"2024","unstructured":"Palau P, de la Espriella R, Seller J, Santas E, Dom\u00ednguez E, Bod\u00ed V et al (2024) \u03b2-blocker withdrawal and functional capacity improvement in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. JAMA Cardiol 9:392\u2013396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2023.5500","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"3586_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.23736\/S2724-5683.23.06433-5","volume":"72","author":"E Stabile","year":"2024","unstructured":"Stabile E, Muiesan ML, Ribichini FL, Sangiorgi G, Taddei S, Versaci F et al (2024) Italian society of interventional cardiology (GISE) and Italian society of arterial hypertension (SIIA) position paper on the role of renal denervation in the management of the difficult-to-treat hypertension. Minerva Cardiol Angiol 72:313\u2013328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S2724-5683.23.06433-5","journal-title":"Minerva Cardiol Angiol"},{"key":"3586_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R122","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJV9SRA21","volume":"9","author":"M B\u00f6hm","year":"2013","unstructured":"B\u00f6hm M, Ewen S, Linz D, Reil JC, Schirmer SH, Ukena C et al (2013) Therapeutic potential of renal sympathetic denervation in patients with chronic heart failure. EuroIntervention 9:R122\u2013R126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4244\/EIJV9SRA21","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"key":"3586_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2025.04.009","author":"D Daou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Daou D, Tong D, Schiattarella GG, Gillette TG, Hill JA (2025) What is cardiometabolic HFpEF and how can we study it preclinically? JACC Basic Transl Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacbts.2025.04.009","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl Sci"},{"key":"3586_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-024-10456-0","volume":"30","author":"JW Chang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chang JW, Ramchandra R (2025) The sympathetic nervous system in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Heart Fail Rev 30:209\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10741-024-10456-0","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10554-025-03586-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10554-025-03586-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10554-025-03586-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T03:23:13Z","timestamp":1771298593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10554-025-03586-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["3586"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10554-025-03586-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1875-8312"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1875-8312","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}