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Until now, molecular analyses of DA in PD have been limited to genomic or transcriptomic approaches, whereas, to the best of our knowledge, no proteomic or combined multiomic study examining the protein profile of these neurons is currently available. In this exploratory study, we used laser capture microdissection to extract regions from DA in 10 human SN<jats:italic>pc<\/jats:italic> obtained at autopsy in PD patients and control subjects. Extracted RNA and proteins were identified by RNA sequencing and nanoliquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry, respectively, and the differential expression between PD and control group was assessed. Qualitative analyses confirmed that the microdissection protocol preserves the integrity of our samples and offers access to specific molecular pathways. This multiomic analysis highlighted differential expression of 52 genes and 33 proteins, including molecules of interest already known to be dysregulated in PD, such as <jats:italic>LRP2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PNMT<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CXCR4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CBLN1<\/jats:italic> genes, or the Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 protein. On the other hand, despite the same samples were used for both analyses, correlation between RNA and protein expression was low, as exemplified by the <jats:italic>CST3<\/jats:italic> gene encoding for the cystatin C protein. This is the first exploratory study analyzing both gene and protein expression of laser-dissected neuronal parts from SN<jats:italic>pc<\/jats:italic> in PD. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD024748 and via GEO with identifier GSE 169755.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-021-01146-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T16:03:13Z","timestamp":1631721793000},"page":"2805-2818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Multiomic Analyses of Dopaminergic Neurons Isolated from Human Substantia Nigra in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: A Descriptive and Exploratory Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9623-6269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Affif","family":"Zaccaria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Antinori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginie","family":"Licker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enik\u00f6","family":"K\u00f6vari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes A.","family":"Lobrinus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre R.","family":"Burkhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"1146_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2570","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00166-09","volume":"29","author":"G Bellot","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bellot G, Garcia-Medina R, Gounon P, Chiche J, Roux D, Pouyssegur J, Mazure NM (2009) Hypoxia-induced autophagy is mediated through hypoxia-inducible factor induction of BNIP3 and BNIP3L via their BH3 domains. 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