{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:45:25Z","timestamp":1791999925062,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,21]],"date-time":"2006-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1166659200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,21]],"date-time":"2006-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1166659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-006-0042-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,20]],"date-time":"2006-12-20T15:53:34Z","timestamp":1166630014000},"page":"57-71","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Panic Disorder in Clinically Referred Children and Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Leonard A.","family":"Doerfler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel F.","family":"Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam M.","family":"Volungis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Peter F.","family":"Toscano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"42_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(92)90139-Y","volume":"12","author":"CA Kearney","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kearney CA, Silverman K (1992) Let\u201cs not push the \u201dpanic button\u201c\u201c: a critical analysis of panic and panic disorder in adolescents. Clin Psychol Rev 12:293\u2013305","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"42_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(88)90064-5","volume":"8","author":"WB Nelles","year":"1988","unstructured":"Nelles WB, Barlow DH (1988) Do children panic?. Clin Psychol Rev 8:359\u2013372","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"42_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1093\/med:psych\/9780195135947.003.0011","volume-title":"Phobic and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents.","author":"B Birmaher","year":"2004","unstructured":"Birmaher B, Ollendick TH (2004) Childhood-onset panic disorder. In: Ollendick TH, March JS (eds). Phobic and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 306\u2013333"},{"key":"42_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.149.10.1306","volume":"149","author":"D Moreau","year":"1992","unstructured":"Moreau D, Weissman MM (1992) Panic disorder in children and adolescents: a review. Am J Psychiat 149:1306\u20131314","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp2703_1","volume":"27","author":"TH Ollendick","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ollendick TH (1998) Panic disorder in children and adolescents: new developments, new directions. J Clin Child Psychol 27:234\u2013245","journal-title":"J Clin Child Psychol"},{"key":"42_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01134.x","volume":"35","author":"TH Ollendick","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ollendick TH, Mattis SG, King NJ (1994) Panic in children and adolescents: a review. J Child Psychol Psychiat 35:113\u2013134","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6394(1999)9:1<19::AID-DA3>3.0.CO;2-#","volume":"9","author":"CA Essau","year":"1999","unstructured":"Essau CA, Conradt J, Petermann F (1999) Frequency of panic attacks and panic disorder in adolescents. Depress Anxiety 9:19\u201326","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"42_CR8","first-page":"133","volume":"102","author":"PM Lewinsohn","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lewinsohn PM, Hops H, Roberts RE, Seeley JR, Andrews JA (1993) Adolescent psychopathology: I. Prevalence and incidence of depression and other DSM-III-R disorders in high school students. J Abnorm Psychol 102:133\u2013144","journal-title":"Prevalence and incidence of depression and other DSM-III-R disorders in high school students. J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"42_CR9","first-page":"97","volume":"1","author":"R Warren","year":"1988","unstructured":"Warren R, Zgourides G (1988) Panic attacks in high school students: implications for prevention and intervention. Phobia Prac Res J 1:97\u2013113","journal-title":"Phobia Prac Res J"},{"key":"42_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1990.01810170087013","volume":"47","author":"A Whitaker","year":"1990","unstructured":"Whitaker A, Johnson J, Shaffer D, Rapoport JL et\u00a0al (1990) Uncommon troubles in young people: prevalence estimates of selected psychiatric disorders in a nonreferred adolescent population. Arch Gen Psychiat 47:487\u2013496","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(87)90088-6","volume":"20","author":"NE Alessi","year":"1987","unstructured":"Alessi NE, Robbins DR, Dilsaver SC (1987) Panic and depressive disorders among psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. Psychiat Rep 20:275\u2013283","journal-title":"Psychiat Rep"},{"key":"42_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199702000-00012","volume":"36","author":"J Biederman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Biederman J, Faraone SV, Marrs A, Moore P, Garcia J, Ablon S, Mick E, Gershon J, Kearns ME (1997) Panic disorder and agoraphobia in consecutively referred children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat 36:214\u2013223","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-6185(89)90003-0","volume":"3","author":"CG Last","year":"1989","unstructured":"Last CG, Strauss CC (1989) Panic disorder in children and adolescents. J Anxiety Dis 3:87\u201395","journal-title":"J Anxiety Dis"},{"key":"42_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1001948610318","volume":"31","author":"G Masi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Masi G, Favilla L, Mucci M, Millepiedi S (2000) Panic disorder in clinically referred children and adolescents. Child Psychiat Hum Devel 31:139\u2013151","journal-title":"Child Psychiat Hum Devel"},{"key":"42_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199201000-00017","volume":"31","author":"DF Klein","year":"1992","unstructured":"Klein DF, Mannuzza S, Chapman T, Fyer A (1992) Child panic revisited. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat 31:112\u2013113","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(86)90011-2","volume":"24","author":"DM Clark","year":"1996","unstructured":"Clark DM (1996) A cognitive approach to panic. Behav Res Ther 24:461\u2013470","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"42_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(96)00034-5","volume":"11","author":"CA Kearney","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kearney CA, Albano AM, Eisen AR, Allan WD, Barlow DH (1997) The phenomenology of panic disorder in youngsters: an empirical study of a clinical sample. J Anxiety Dis 11:49\u201362","journal-title":"J Anxiety Dis"},{"key":"42_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199009000-00017","volume":"25","author":"BV Vitiello","year":"1990","unstructured":"Vitiello BV, Behar D, Wolfson S, McLeer SV (1990) Diagnosis of panic disorder in prepubertal children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat 25:782\u2013784","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198911023211801","volume":"321","author":"MM Weissman","year":"1989","unstructured":"Weissman MM, Klerman GL, Markowitz JS, Quellette R (1989) Suicide ideation and suicide attempts in panic disorder and panic attacks. N Eng J Med 321:1209\u20131214","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"42_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(05)80098-X","volume":"26","author":"TH Ollendick","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ollendick TH (1995) Cognitive-behavioral treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia in adolescents: a multiple baseline design analysis. Behav Ther 26:517\u2013531","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"key":"42_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199307000-00018","volume":"32","author":"SJ Bradley","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bradley SJ, Hood J (1993) Psychiatrically referred adolescents with panic attacks: presenting symptoms, stressors, and comorbidity. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat 32:826\u2013829","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR22","volume-title":"Anxiety and its disorders","author":"DH Barlow","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barlow DH (2002) Anxiety and its disorders, 2nd edn. Guilford Press, New York","edition":"2"},{"key":"42_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3203_06","volume":"32","author":"MA Southam-Gerow","year":"2003","unstructured":"Southam-Gerow MA, Weisz JR, Kendall PC (2003) Youth with anxiety disorders in research and service clinics: examining client differences and similarities. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 32:375\u2013385","journal-title":"J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"42_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014573708569","volume":"5","author":"AE Grills","year":"2002","unstructured":"Grills AE, Ollendick TH (2002) Issues in parent-child agreement: the case of structured diagnostic interviews. Clin Child Family Rev 5:57\u201383","journal-title":"Clin Child Family Rev"},{"key":"42_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(94)90008-6","volume":"14","author":"MF Russo","year":"1994","unstructured":"Russo MF, Beidel DC (1994) Comorbidity of childhood anxiety, externalizing disorders: prevalence, associated characteristics, and validation issues. Clin Psychol Rev 14:199\u2013221","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"42_CR26","unstructured":"Orvaschel H (1995) Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-aged children. Epidiologic Version \u2013 5. Center for Psychological Studies, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL"},{"key":"42_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00182.x","volume":"27","author":"AJ Costello","year":"1986","unstructured":"Costello AJ (1986) Assessment and diagnosis of affective disorders. J Child Psychol Psychiat 27:565\u2013574","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(99)00037-9","volume":"20","author":"CA Schniering","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schniering CA, Hudson JL, Rapee RM (2000) Issues in the diagnosis and assessment of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Clin Psychol Rev 20:453\u2013478","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"42_CR29","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"Association American Psychiatric","year":"2000","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edn. text rev Author, Washington, DC","edition":"4"},{"key":"42_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000104","volume":"20","author":"J Cohen","year":"1960","unstructured":"Cohen J (1960) A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educ Psychol Measure 20:37\u201346","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Measure"},{"key":"42_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199410000-00011","volume":"33","author":"B Green","year":"1994","unstructured":"Green B, Shirk S, Hanze D, Wanstrath J (1994) The children\u201cs global assessment scale in clinical practice: an empirical evaluation. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat 33:1158\u20131164","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1983.01790100074010","volume":"40","author":"D Shaffer","year":"1983","unstructured":"Shaffer D, Gould MS, Brasic J, Ambrosini P, Fisher P, Bird H, Aluwahlia S (1983) A children\u201cs global assessment scale (CGAS). Arch General Psychiat 40:1228\u20131231 123","journal-title":"Arch General Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1966.19.1.3","volume":"19","author":"JJ Bartko","year":"1966","unstructured":"Bartko JJ (1966) The intraclass correlation coefficient as a measure of reliability. Psychol Rep 19:3\u201311","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"42_CR34","unstructured":"Guy W (1976) Assessment manual for psychopharmacology. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, DC"},{"key":"42_CR35","unstructured":"Achenbach TM (1991) Manual for the child behavior checklist\/4\u201318 and 1991 profile. University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, Burlington, VT"},{"key":"42_CR36","unstructured":"Achenbach TM (1991) Manual for the teachers report form and 1991 profile. University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, Burlington, VT"},{"key":"42_CR37","unstructured":"Achenbach TM (1991) Manual for the youth self-report and 1991 profile. University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, Burlington, VT"},{"key":"42_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-9035-1_2","volume-title":"Advances in clinical child psychology, vol 19.","author":"SG Mattis","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mattis SG, Ollendick TH (1997) Panic in children and adolescents: a developmental analysis. In: Ollendick TH, Prinz RJ (eds). Advances in clinical child psychology, vol 19. Plenum, New York, pp 27\u201394"},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"42_CR39","first-page":"125","volume":"153","author":"MK Shear","year":"1996","unstructured":"Shear MK (1996) Factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of panic disorder: revisiting the attachment-separation paradigm. Am J Psychiat 153(Suppl 7):125\u2013136","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR40","first-page":"389","volume-title":"Anxiety and the anxiety disorders.","author":"R Gittelman","year":"1985","unstructured":"Gittelman R, Klein DF (1985) Childhood separation anxiety and adult agoraphobia.. In: Tuma AH, Maser J (eds). Anxiety and the anxiety disorders. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp 389\u2013402"},{"key":"42_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.145.11.1450","volume":"145","author":"NE Alessi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Alessi NE, Magen J (1988) Panic disorders in psychiatrically hospitalized children. Am J Psychiat 145:1450\u20131452","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(99)00039-0","volume":"14","author":"CA Essau","year":"2000","unstructured":"Essau CA, Conradt J, Petermann F (2000) Frequency, comorbidity, and psychosocial impairment of anxiety disorders in German adolescents. J Anxiety Dis 14:263\u2013279","journal-title":"J Anxiety Dis"},{"key":"42_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.12.2207","volume":"161","author":"RD Goodwin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Goodwin RD, Lieb R, Hoefler M, Pfister H, Bittner A, Beesdo K, Wittchen HU (2004) Panic attack as a risk factor for severe psychopathology. Am J Psychiat 161:2207\u20132214","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0507","volume":"63","author":"B Birmaher","year":"2002","unstructured":"Birmaher B, Kennah A, Brent D, Ehmann M, Bridge J, Axelson D (2002) Is bipolar disorder specifically associated with panic disorder in youths? J Clin Psychiat 63:414\u2013419","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370104600902","volume":"46","author":"G Masi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Masi G, Toni C, Perugi G, Mucci M, Millepiedi S, Akiskal HS (2001) Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder: a neglected comorbidity. Can J Psychiat 46:797\u2013802","journal-title":"Can J Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199007000-00004","volume":"29","author":"J Biederman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Biederman J, Faraone SV, Keenan K, Knee D, Tsuang MT (1990) Family-genetic and psychosocial risk factors in DSM-III attention deficit disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat 29:526\u2013533","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.2.251","volume":"148","author":"J Biederman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Biederman J, Faraone SV, Keenan K, Steingard R et\u00a0al (1991) Familial association between attention deficit disorder and anxiety disorders. Am J Psychiat 148:251\u2013256","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat"},{"key":"42_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198712000-00004","volume":"175","author":"CG Last","year":"1987","unstructured":"Last CG, Strauss CC, Francis G (1987) Comorbidity among childhood anxiety disorders. J Nervous Mental Dis 175:726\u2013730","journal-title":"J Nervous Mental Dis"},{"key":"42_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(88)90018-3","volume":"15","author":"M Kovacs","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kovacs M, Paulauskas S, Gatsonis C, Richards C (1988) Depressive disorders in childhood III: a longitudinal study of comorbidity with and risk for conduct disorders. J Affect Dis 15:205\u2013217","journal-title":"J Affect Dis"},{"key":"42_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.65.3.366","volume":"65","author":"PC Kendall","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kendall PC, Flannery-Schroeder EC, Panichelli-Mindel SP, Southam-Gerow MA, Henin A, Warmann MJ (1997) Treating anxiety disorders in youth: a second randomized clinical trial. J Consult Clin Psychol 65:366\u2013380","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"}],"container-title":["Child Psychiatry and Human Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10578-006-0042-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10578-006-0042-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10578-006-0042-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10578-006-0042-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,12]],"date-time":"2025-01-12T17:40:40Z","timestamp":1736703640000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10578-006-0042-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,21]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]}},"alternative-id":["42"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-006-0042-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-398X","1573-3327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-398X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3327","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 June 2006","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 October 2006","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 December 2006","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}